英国前和平建设特别代表麦康奈尔勋爵接受安纳多卢通讯社采访时表示，巴勒斯坦的持久和平必须反映巴勒斯坦人的需求、身份认同和愿望。这位前苏格兰首席部长援引菲律宾南部邦萨摩罗和平进程为例，说明包容性协议如何有助于维持和平。
“如果要解决内部冲突，解决方案必须适合该地区的实际情况，”他说，并以苏格兰和北爱尔兰为例。
Lord McConnell, former UK special representative for peacebuilding, tells Anadolu lasting peace in Palestine must reflect needs, identity and aspirations of Palestinians Ex-first minister cites Bangsamoro peace process as example of how inclusive agreements can help sustain peace 'If there's going to be a solution to internal conflict, it needs to be appropriate for that area,' he says, pointing to Scotland, Northern Ireland as examples Sustainable peace in Palestine can only be achieved through a “locally led long-term solution,” said former First Minister of Scotland Lord Jack McConnell.
前苏格兰首席部长杰克·麦康奈尔勋爵表示，巴勒斯坦的可持续和平只能通过“本地主导的长期解决方案”来实现。
Speaking to Anadolu, McConnell, who has served as the UK special representative for peacebuilding, said that lasting peace cannot be achieved through top-down mandates from the outside.
在上周结束的伊斯坦布尔第九届调解会议间隙，曾担任英国和平建设特别代表的麦康奈尔对安纳多卢通讯社表示，持久和平无法通过外部强加的自上而下的命令来实现。
“如果我们试图从外部强加解决方案，那么在分歧如此巨大、鸿沟如此深重的地区，这些方案永远行不通，”他说。
"If we try to impose solutions from outside, then these are never going to work in that area where the difference is so stark and the divide is so deep," he said on the sidelines of the 9th Mediation Conference in Istanbul which concluded last week.
当被问及英国应如何在战略外交政策利益与人权承诺之间的权衡中找到平衡时，麦康奈尔坚持认为核心原则必须优先。“原则上，人权不可谈判。”
Asked how the UK should navigate trade-offs between strategic foreign policy interests and human rights commitments, McConnell insisted that core principles must take priority. "In principle, human rights are not negotiable."
“依我之见，英国的战略利益在于最大化我们的影响力，以追求民主、法治和人权。每种情况都不同，但我们必须铭记基本原则。”邦萨摩罗蓝图他将成功的和平建设模式归功于2014年菲律宾南部邦萨摩罗具有里程碑意义的协议，该协议结束了长达数年的冲突。
"In my view the strategic interest of the UK is in maximizing our influence in the pursuit of democracy, the rule of law and human rights. Each situation is different but we must remember the basic principles." Bangsamoro blueprint He credited successful peacebuilding models like the 2014 landmark agreement on Bangsamoro in the southern Philippines for ending years of conflict.
曾担任邦萨摩罗和平进程国际顾问的麦康奈尔赞扬该协议是一个历史性的转折点，它在政治过渡、疫情冲击和局部安全挑战中维持了12年的稳定。
McConnell, who has served as an international advisor to the Bangsamoro peace, hailed the accord as a historic turning point that has preserved stability for 12 years through political transitions, pandemic disruptions, and localized security challenges.
植根于历史上的土地丧失、边缘化和殖民遗留的不满，棉兰老岛的冲突导致穆斯林摩洛族群为争取自决而斗争了50多年。
Rooted in historical land loss, marginalization, and colonial grievances, the conflict in Mindanao saw the Muslim Moro population fight for self-determination for over 50 years.
1976年至2008年间的一系列和平倡议均未能持久，但2014年的协议改变了局面。
A string of peace initiatives between 1976 and 2008 failed to stick, but the 2014 agreement changed the game.
该协议创建了棉兰老穆斯林自治区（BARMM），给予摩洛族群自治权。
The deal created the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM), offering the Moro population autonomy.
自2019年过渡政府成立以来，该地区于上个月举行了首次选举。
The region held its first elections last month since the interim administration was launched in 2019.
“真正重要的是……这是一个包容性的和平协议，建立在相互尊重以及对摩洛族群整体的历史、不满和身份认同的理解之上。”他说，该协议之所以能够持续，是因为它“全面，涵盖了摩洛族群对政治发声和行政管理的双重需求”，让前叛乱分子有了一条回归社会的途径。
"The really important thing … this was an inclusive peace agreement that was founded on a mutual respect and an understanding of the history and the grievances and the identity of the Moro people as a whole." The agreement has sustained because it was “comprehensive, covering both the need for a political voice and administration for the Moro people,” allowing former rebels a way back into society, he said.
麦康奈尔补充道：“他们通过坚守协议、回归原则，设法处理了任何问题，不让个别事件把他们打偏了方向。”
"They have managed to deal with any issues by sticking to the agreement, going back to principles, and not allowing an individual incident perhaps to knock them off course," McConnell added.
“解决方案需要适合该地区” 麦康奈尔指出苏格兰和北爱尔兰为例，说明不同的治理安排如何在保持与英国整体联系的同时，容纳地区愿望并解决根深蒂固的分歧。
'Solution needs to be appropriate for that area' McConnell pointed to Scotland and Northern Ireland as examples of how different governance arrangements can accommodate regional aspirations and address deep-rooted divisions while maintaining ties with the wider UK.
回顾苏格兰的经历，他回忆了建立苏格兰议会长达数十年的运动，将其描述为“非常充满激情”的努力。
Reflecting on Scotland's experience, he recalled the decades-long campaign to establish a Scottish parliament, describing it as a "very passionate" effort.
他说，该国最终实现了他所谓的“两全其美”。“我们在北爱尔兰的同事有着不同的历史。他们的历史是深刻的分裂、冲突和暴力，但结果相似，”他说。
He said the country had ultimately achieved what he called "the best of both worlds." "Our colleagues in Northern Ireland had a different history. Their history was of deep division and conflict and violence, but similar outcomes," he said.
他说，苏格兰找到了一条“和平路径”来实现自治，同时保持与英国政府的关系，而北爱尔兰的模式则给“分裂的双方社群都提供了一个坐到谈判桌前的席位”。
While Scotland had found a “peaceful route” to autonomy while maintaining its relationship with the UK government, Northern Ireland’s model gave “both of the divided communities a seat at the table,” he said.
提到重要少数族群社区寻求更多政治代表权的地区时，麦康奈尔表示：“我认为这告诉我们，在世界各地，特别是在冲突是内部性质的地方，那里有重要的少数群体，无论是否诉诸暴力，但一直在要求发声、要求某种自治，如果要解决这种内部冲突，解决方案必须适合该地区。”他补充道：“解决方案必须体现并尊重那些感到被边缘化的人们的规范、文化和身份认同。”
Referring to regions where significant minority communities seek greater political representation, McConnell said: "I think what this tells us is that around the world, particularly where conflicts are internal, where you have a significant minority that has either been violent or maybe not been violent, but has been demanding a voice, demanding some autonomy, if there's going to be a solution to that internal conflict, it needs to be appropriate for that area." "It needs to reflect and respect the norms and the culture and the identity of those people who feel marginalized," he added.