波兰的军事快速扩张正面临日益严重的人员问题，该国缺乏足够受过训练的飞行员，无法充分利用其F-16战机机队。
Poland’s rapid military expansion is running into a growing personnel problem, with the country lacking enough trained pilots to make full use of its F-16 fighter fleet.
波兰空军拥有47架F-16战斗机，但仅有约40名受过训练的飞行员，而有效运作该机队至少需要70名飞行员，日报《Rzeczpospolita》周一报道称。
The Polish Air Force has 47 F-16 fighter jets but only around 40 trained pilots, while at least 70 would be needed for effective operation of the fleet, the daily Rzeczpospolita reported on Monday.
这些数字属于非官方数据，因为国防部将受训飞行员和教官的数量视为机密信息。
The figures are unofficial because the Defense Ministry considers information on the number of trained pilots and instructors classified.
培养一名新的F-16飞行员大约需要两年时间，这使得短缺难以在短期内解决。
Training a new F-16 pilot takes around two years, making the shortage difficult to resolve quickly.
据该报报道，去年在波兰德布林军事航空学院仅有极少数喷气式飞机飞行员接受了训练。
Only a small number of jet pilots were trained at Poland’s military aviation academy in Deblin last year, according to the newspaper.
部分经验丰富的F-16飞行员被调往波兰即将接收的F-35机队，也加剧了这一问题。
The problem has also been aggravated by the transfer of some experienced F-16 pilots to Poland’s incoming F-35 fleet.
飞行员短缺凸显了波兰面临的一个更广泛挑战：在试图将欧洲最快的军事建设之一转化为实战能力时遭遇瓶颈。
The shortage highlights a broader challenge for Poland as it tries to convert one of Europe’s fastest military buildups into operational capability.
自俄罗斯于2022年对邻国乌克兰发动全面入侵以来，华沙大幅增加国防开支，预计2026年军费开支将达到GDP的4.8%左右。
Warsaw has sharply increased defense spending since Russia launched its full-scale invasion of neighboring Ukraine in 2022, with military expenditure expected to reach around 4.8% of GDP in 2026.
作为现代化计划的一部分，波兰已购买或订购了美国F-35战机、艾布拉姆斯坦克、AH-64E阿帕奇攻击直升机、“爱国者”防空系统和“海马斯”火箭发射系统。
Poland has bought or ordered US F-35 fighters, Abrams tanks, AH-64E Apache attack helicopters, Patriot air-defense systems and HIMARS rocket launchers as part of its modernization program.
2025年8月，波兰还签署了一项价值38亿美元（约33.9亿欧元）的协议，将其F-16机队升级为“毒蛇”标准，改进雷达、电子战、通信系统以及与F-35和其他新武器系统的互操作性。
In August 2025, Poland also signed a $3.8 billion (€3.390 billion) agreement to modernize its F-16 fleet to the Viper standard, improving radar, electronic warfare, communications and interoperability with the F-35 and other new weapons systems.
但飞行员短缺表明，人员和训练能力可能无法跟上装备采购的步伐。
But the pilot shortage suggests that personnel and training capacity may not be keeping pace with equipment purchases.
据《Rzeczpospolita》报道，波兰计划装备的AH-64E阿帕奇直升机机队未来可能面临类似问题，武装部队最终可能需要多达400名飞行员。
According to Rzeczpospolita, a similar problem could emerge with Poland’s planned fleet of AH-64E Apache helicopters, for which the armed forces could eventually require as many as 400 pilots.