台湾正在开发一套由人工智能驱动的系统，用于协调无人机编队执行海上监视和应对“灰色地带”活动任务，研究人员已完成一项涉及20架飞行器的模拟演示，据该岛的海洋委员会透露。
Taiwan is developing an AI-powered system to coordinate drone fleets for maritime surveillance and countering “grey-zone” activities, with researchers completing a simulation involving 20 aircraft, according to the island’s Ocean Affairs Council.
该系统由海洋委员会资助，将使不同类型的无人机能够自主分配任务、规划航线并协调机动，为海巡行动提供广域、持续的监视能力。
The system, which is funded by the council, would allow different types of drones to autonomously divide tasks, plan routes and coordinate their movements while providing wide-area, persistent surveillance for coastguard operations.
海洋委员会周一表示，由台湾国立成功大学牵头的研究团队已完成两支编队共20架无人机的同步飞行模拟，标志着从单机控制向多编队协同转变。
The council said on Monday that a research team led by Taiwan’s National Cheng Kung University had completed simultaneous flight simulations involving two fleets comprising 20 drones, marking a shift from controlling individual aircraft to coordinating multiple groups.
这一处于早期阶段的项目聚焦于三款美国制造的垂直起降（VTOL）固定翼无人机——JUMP 20、V-BAT和Flexrotor，并整合了人工智能（AI）、飞行动力学和蜂群控制技术。
The early-stage project focuses on three US-made vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) fixed-wing drones – the JUMP 20, V-BAT and Flexrotor – and integrates artificial intelligence (AI), flight dynamics and swarm-control technologies.
研究人员正利用基于AI的多智能体强化学习，使飞行器能够自主分配任务、规划航线并相互协同。
Researchers are using AI-based multi-agent reinforcement learning to enable the aircraft to autonomously allocate missions, plan routes and coordinate with each other.
该项目还融入了领翼编队控制和动态避障技术，使无人机能根据任务、环境和障碍物的变化调整航线。
The project also incorporates leader-follower formation control and dynamic obstacle avoidance, allowing the drones to adjust routes in response to changing missions, conditions and obstacles.
为防止模拟中的碰撞，研究人员在控制算法中设定了三维间隔和飞行器间最小垂直距离30米（100英尺）。
To prevent collisions in the simulation, the researchers programmed three-dimensional separation and a minimum vertical distance of 30 metres (100 feet) between aircraft into the control algorithms.
海洋委员会表示：“下一阶段将进行硬件在环测试、原型机整合以及实海域飞行试验，以评估在不同海况和天气条件下的可靠性。”
“The next stage will involve hardware-in-the-loop testing, prototype integration and flight trials over actual maritime areas to assess reliability under different sea and weather conditions,” the council said.
该委员会称，强化“海域态势感知”并发展空海一体化海巡作业，是因应日益增长的执法需求的核心。
It said strengthening “maritime domain awareness” and developing integrated aerial and maritime coastguard operations were central to growing law-enforcement needs.
无人机可提供“多机协同、广域覆盖和持续监视”，并可在北京实施“各种形式的灰色地带骚扰”之际，为海巡人员充当额外的“空中之眼”，报告称。
Uncrewed aircraft could provide “multi-drone coordination, wide-area coverage and persistent surveillance” and be additional “eyes in the sky” for coastguard personnel amid “various forms of grey-zone harassment” from Beijing, it said.
北京视台湾为中国一部分，必要时将以武力实现统一。包括美国在内的大多数国家不承认台湾为独立国家，但华盛顿反对任何以武力夺取这个自治岛屿的企图，并承诺向其提供武器。
Beijing regards Taiwan as part of China to be reunited by force if necessary. Most countries, including the United States, do not recognise Taiwan as an independent state, but Washington is opposed to any attempt to take the self-ruled island by force and is committed to supplying it with weapons.
这项研究发布之际，台湾海巡署正在扩充无人机机队，并增加受过操作此类系统训练的人员数量。
The research was announced as Taiwan’s coastguard expands both its uncrewed aircraft fleet and the number of personnel trained to operate such systems.
由美国国防科技公司Shield AI开发的V-BAT是一种尾座式垂直起降无人机，可在狭窄空间作业，属于正在引进的较先进平台之一。
The V-BAT, a tail-sitter VTOL drone developed by US defence technology company Shield AI that can operate in confined spaces, is among the more advanced platforms being introduced.
其管道风扇设计使其能从舰船上相对较小的区域起飞，随后转入水平飞行，而其超过12小时的续航能力可实现长时间海上监视。
Its ducted-fan design allows it to take off from a relatively small area on a ship before transitioning to horizontal flight, while its endurance of more than 12 hours allows prolonged maritime surveillance.
首架交付台湾的V-BAT主要指定用于训练，两周前由海洋委员会主任委员管碧玲公开亮相。
The first V-BAT delivered to Taiwan, which has been designated primarily for training, was publicly unveiled two weeks ago by Ocean Affairs Council Minister Kuan Bi-ling.
台湾海巡署（CGA）已编列新台币12亿元（约合3900万美元）采购12架V-BAT及6套指挥控制系统，其余交付预计将在未来几个月内完成。
Taiwan’s Coast Guard Administration (CGA) has budgeted NT$1.2 billion (US$39 million) to acquire 12 V-BATs and six command-and-control systems, with the remainder of deliveries expected in the coming months.
管碧玲表示，引进先进装备必须伴随人员技能和训练的提升，强调有效运用技术才是最终关键。
Kuan said the introduction of sophisticated equipment must be accompanied by improvements in personnel skills and training, stressing that effective use of the technology was ultimately what mattered.
据海巡署称，7月该署接收了45架多旋翼训练无人机，分发给各海巡单位，作为一项计划的一部分，旨在让一线人员熟悉无人机操作，最终使官员具备基本操作技能。
In July, the CGA took delivery of 45 multirotor training drones to distribute among coastguard units as part of a programme to familiarise frontline personnel with drone operation and eventually give officers basic operating skills, according to the administration.
更广泛的计划是海洋委员会一项倡议的一部分，旨在开发其所谓的综合“海空”海巡力量，将无人平台与升级后的情报、监视和侦察系统相结合。
The broader programme is part of an Ocean Affairs Council initiative to develop what it calls an integrated “sea-air” coastguard, combining uncrewed platforms with upgraded intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance systems.
该委员会表示，乌克兰和中东最近的冲突表明，无人机正从单独操作的平台演变为不同类型无人机的协同编队。
The council said recent conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East had shown how uncrewed aircraft were evolving from individually operated platforms towards coordinated fleets of different drone types.
对于台湾海巡署而言，这种转变可将监视范围延伸至船只和沿海传感器触及范围之外，同时让具备不同能力的无人机在大得多的区域内协同作业。
For Taiwan’s coastguard, the shift could extend surveillance beyond the reach of ships and coastal sensors while allowing drones with varying capabilities to work together across a much wider area.