妮可·温菲尔德 罗马——教皇利奥十四世周二谴责以宗教为由为世界各地战争辩护的行为，称“根本不存在所谓圣战”。“只有和平是神圣的，”利奥在向意大利山顶小镇阿西西举行的宗教领袖集会发表的视频致辞中说。
NICOLE WINFIELD ROME — Pope Leo XIV on Tuesday denounced any religious justification for wars raging around the world, saying “there is no such thing as a holy war.”“Only peace is holy,” Leo said in a video-message to a gathering of religious leaders in the Italian hilltop town of Assisi.
这位美国籍教皇本应亲自主持此次集会，但因正在从10月13日的肺癌手术中恢复，不得不取消出席。
The American pope was supposed to have presided over the gathering in person, but had to cancel his participation as he recovers from Oct. 13 lung cancer surgery.
利奥改为发送了一段录像致辞，向与会代表播放。代表中包括坎特伯雷大主教莎拉·穆拉利——全球圣公会的精神领袖——以及穆斯林、佛教徒和其他基督教领袖。
Instead Leo sent a videotaped message that was broadcast to the delegates, who included the Archbishop of Canterbury Sarah Mullally, spiritual leader of the worldwide Anglican Communion, as well as Muslim, Buddhist and other Christian leaders.
他们齐聚阿西西——热爱和平的圣方济各的出生地——纪念圣若望·保禄二世召集的那次具有里程碑意义的跨宗教和平会议40周年。那次会面当时因不同信仰的领袖共同祈祷而引发争议，但催生了一场跨宗教和平呼吁与集会的运动。
They were in Assisi, the birthplace of the peace-loving St. Francis, to mark the 40th anniversary of a landmark interfaith peace meeting called by St. John Paul II. That encounter, controversial at the time because it featured leaders of different faiths praying together, spawned a movement of interreligious peace appeals and gatherings.
在致辞中，这位美国籍教皇谴责“战争作为国际政治工具令人不安地重新抬头”，以及领导人以宗教为其辩护。
In his message, the American pope denounced the “troubling revival of war as an instrument of international politics” and its religious justifications by leaders.
“恰恰在这个以强权文化为标志的时代，更需要培育阿西西的精神，”他说。“战争永远不能以天主之名发动，”他说。“我们必须在各地重建和平，而不是为更多战争做准备。”俄罗斯东正教会将俄罗斯入侵乌克兰辩护为一场针对它认为已堕入邪恶的西方世界的“圣战”。
“Precisely in these times marked by a culture of power, there is a need to cultivate the spirit of Assisi,” he said. “War can never be waged in the name of God,” he said. “We must rebuild peace everywhere, not prepare for more wars.”Russia’s Orthodox Church has justified Russia’s invasion of Ukraine as a “holy war” against a Western world it considers has fallen into evil.
伊朗战争各方的领导人都曾利用宗教为其行动辩护。美国官员，尤其是国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯，援引其基督教信仰，将这场战争描绘为一个基督教国家试图以军事力量击败其敌人。
Leaders on all sides of the Iran war have used religion to justify their actions. U.S. officials, especially Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth, have invoked their Christian faith to cast the war as a Christian nation trying to vanquish its foes with military might.
利奥一贯拒绝接受这类理由，认为它们是对宗教本身的歪曲，其中最尖锐的表态见于他的首道通谕《崇高的人类》，他在其中表示，以宗教之名进行战斗“意味着攻击宗教本身”。阿西西集会举行之际，梵蒂冈正在加快对乌克兰的人道主义援助行动，此前乌克兰南部遭受重创的城市奥列什基生效了一项局部停火。教皇的首席赈济官路易斯·马林·德·圣马丁蒙席周二开始对乌克兰进行为期三天的访问，正将数卡车的冬衣、毛毯和食品运往基辅分发。
Leo has consistently rejected such justifications as a perversion of religion itself, most stridently in his first encyclical “Magnificent Humanity” in which he said fighting in the name of religion “means attacking religion itself.”The Assisi gathering came as the Vatican is accelerating its humanitarian efforts for Ukraine following the entry into effect of a localized cease-fire in the devastated southern Ukrainian city of Oleshky. The pope’s chief almsgiver, Monsignor Luis Marín de San Martín, on Tuesday began a three-day visit to Ukraine and was bringing several trucks worth of winter clothes, blankets and food to Kyiv for distribution.
据梵蒂冈新闻网报道，马林·德·圣马丁计划访问基辅、扎波罗热、第聂伯罗和法斯蒂夫。
Marín de San Martín was planning to visit Kyiv, Zaporizhzhia, Dnipro and Fastiv, Vatican News said.
“我们希望直接了解需求，与当地民众、真实的人、真实的面孔见面，”他告诉梵蒂冈新闻网。“最重要的是，我们想向他们转达圣父的关切和慈爱。在他们的苦难中，他们并不孤单。”利奥曾在10月16日与俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京的通话中呼吁在奥列什基停火、运送食品和药品，并让当地民众安全自愿撤离。那通电话是教皇在术后康复的医院里主动发起的。
“We want to understand directly the needs and meet with the local people, real people, real faces,” he told Vatican News. “Above all we want to convey to them the Holy Father’s concern and tender care. In their suffering, they are not alone.”Leo had called for a cease-fire and the delivery of food and medicine in Oleshky, and the safe and voluntary evacuation of its people during an Oct. 16 phone call with Russian President Vladimir Putin, which the pontiff initiated from the hospital where he was recovering from surgery.
三天后，利奥回到梵蒂冈，又致电乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基。据梵蒂冈称，利奥向普京提到了他的停火呼吁，并“表示希望双方的合作为运送食品和医疗援助以及平民自愿安全撤离创造条件”。这些举措是在意大利枢机主教马泰奥·祖皮——教皇的乌克兰-俄罗斯战争特使——于9月30日结束第三次莫斯科之行后采取的，也是利奥任教皇以来的首次。
Leo followed up three days later, back at the Vatican, with a call to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy . According to the Vatican, Leo noted his appeal for a cease-fire to Putin and “expressed the hope that cooperation between both parties will allow for the delivery of food and medical aid, and for the voluntary and safe evacuation of the civilian population.”The initiatives took place after Italian Cardinal Matteo Zuppi, the papal envoy for the Ukraine-Russia war, finished his third mission to Moscow on Sept. 30 and the first under Leo’s pontificate.