埃及法院周二下令关闭独立新闻网站《马达马斯尔》（Mada Masr），并判处其主编莉娜·阿塔拉（Lina Attalah）无证经营罪名成立。
An Egyptian court on Tuesday ordered the closure of independent news website Mada Masr after convicting its editor-in-chief, Lina Attalah of operating without a license.
埃及最著名的记者之一阿塔拉在判决后被拘留数小时，后经缴纳罚款获释。
Attalah, one of Egypt 's most prominent journalists, was detained for several hours following the verdict before being released after paying a fine.
法院处以300万埃及镑（约合5.34万美元；4.8112万欧元）罚款，为该罪名的最高刑罚。法院同时下令关闭该网站并没收其设备。
The court imposed a fine of 3 million Egyptian pounds (around $53,400; €48,112), the maximum penalty for the offense. It also ordered the website to shut down and its equipment to be confiscated.
《马达马斯尔》成立于2013年，是埃及为数不多的独立新闻媒体之一。该媒体以调查腐败、侵犯人权行为以及军队在该国的强大作用而闻名。莉娜·阿塔拉的审判期间发生了什么？
Mada Masr, founded in 2013, is one of Egypt's few remaining independent news outlets. It is known for investigating corruption, human rights violations and the military's powerful role in the country. What happened during Lina Attalah's trial?
阿塔拉的律师称，法院在周二开罗的庭审中驳回了他们要求审阅案卷和提交补充证据的请求。
Attalah's lawyers said the court rejected their requests to review the case file and submit additional evidence during Tuesday's hearing in Cairo.
据出席庭审的埃及个人权利倡议组织（EIPR）负责人霍萨姆·巴赫加特（Hossam Bahgat）称，尽管阿塔拉的八人辩护团提出异议，法官仍指派了一名新律师代表阿塔拉。
According to Hossam Bahgat, head of the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR), who attended the hearing, the judge then appointed a new lawyer to represent Attalah despite objections from her eight-person defense team.
巴赫加特对法新社表示：“更令人震惊的是，这名律师一言未发，法官却代其口述辩护意见并将其记入正式庭审记录。”法官在辩护方抗议声中宣判，随后安保人员将阿塔拉拘留。
"In an even more shocking turn, the judge proceeded to dictate motions on behalf of this lawyer, who had not uttered a single word, and entered them into the official record," Bahgat told news agency AFP. The judge announced the verdict amid protests from the defense before security officers detained Attalah.
她的律师哈桑·阿扎里（Hassan al-Azhari）证实，《马达马斯尔》缴纳罚款后阿塔拉获释。该媒体计划对关闭令提出上诉。
She was released after Mada Masr paid the fine, her lawyer Hassan al-Azhari confirmed. The outlet plans to appeal the closure order.
在办理释放手续期间，阿塔拉还得知自己在2024年另一起案件中被缺席判处一年监禁及2万埃及镑罚款。
During her release procedures, Attalah also learned that she had been sentenced in absentia in a separate case in 2024 to one year in prison and a fine of 20,000 Egyptian pounds.
该判决涉及散布虚假新闻和经营无证网站的指控。她的律师已对该判决提出质疑，新的听证会定于11月11日举行。埃及为何针对《马达马斯尔》？
That conviction concerned charges of spreading false news and operating an unlicensed website. Her lawyers have challenged the ruling, with a new hearing scheduled for November 11. Why has Egypt targeted Mada Masr?
《马达马斯尔》多年来一直与埃及当局陷入法律纠纷，当局自2017年起就在国内屏蔽了该网站的访问。
Mada Masr has faced years of legal battles with Egyptian authorities, who have blocked access to its website inside the country since 2017.
该媒体称，它最早于2018年申请许可证，但未收到任何回复。直到2022年检方在另一起案件中提出此事时，它才得知申请已被驳回。
The outlet says it first applied for a license in 2018 but received no response. It only learned that its application had been rejected when prosecutors raised the issue during another case in 2022.
《马达马斯尔》对该决定提出质疑，并称其最新申请自2023年以来一直在等待回复。
Mada Masr challenged that decision and says its latest application has been awaiting a response since 2023.
过去六年里，当局对该媒体及其记者提起了六起诉讼，但周二的审判属于首例。
Six cases have been brought against the outlet and its journalists over the past six years, but Tuesday's trial was the first of its kind.
埃及当局坚称该国尊重言论自由，但坚持要求媒体组织必须遵守法律、维护国家安全并打击虚假信息。新闻自由组织如何反应？该判决引发了广泛的国际谴责。
Egyptian authorities maintain that the country respects freedom of expression but insist that media organizations must comply with the law, protect national security and counter misinformation. How have press freedom groups reacted? The ruling drew widespread international condemnation.
包括国际特赦组织、人权观察和保护记者委员会（CPJ）在内的119个权利组织和媒体机构组成的联盟，将该起诉描述为“对新闻自由的前所未有的攻击”。“今天的裁决代表了对埃及新闻自由的毁灭性打击，标志着该国独立新闻业的黑暗日子，”国际特赦组织表示。
A coalition of 119 rights organizations and media outlets, including Amnesty International Human Rights Watch and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), described the prosecution as an "unprecedented attack on press freedom." "Today's decision represents a crushing blow to press freedom in Egypt and marks a dark day for independent journalism in the country," Amnesty International said.
无国界记者组织（RSF）称该裁决“令人愤慨”且“可耻”。“如果埃及能拘押其最受尊敬的编辑之一并关闭其新闻编辑室，那么该国没有一位独立记者是安全的，”保护记者委员会中东和北非项目协调员萨拉·库达说。
Reporters Without Borders (RSF) called the ruling "outrageous" and "shameful." "If Egypt can put in custody one of its most respected editors and shut down her newsroom, no independent journalist in the country is safe," said CPJ regional director Sara Qudah.
美国参议员克里斯·范霍伦也批评了该起诉，称指控毫无根据，并表示“新闻业不是犯罪”。埃及新闻自由现状如何？此案发生在当局对独立新闻业进行更广泛打压的背景下。
US Senator Chris Van Hollen also criticized the prosecution, describing the charges as baseless and saying that "journalism is not a crime." What is the state of press freedom in Egypt? The case comes amid a broader crackdown on independent journalism.
9月，事实核查平台“马萨达什”的六名记者被捕，随后被指控犯有恐怖主义相关罪行。
Six journalists from the fact-checking platform Matsadaash were arrested in September and subsequently charged with terrorism-related offenses.
当局指控他们与被取缔的“穆斯林兄弟会”有联系，并散布虚假信息以削弱公众对国家机构的信任、煽动抗议活动。
Authorities accuse them of links to the outlawed Muslim Brotherhood and spreading false information to undermine confidence in state institutions and encourage protests.
据埃及个人权利倡议组织（EIPR）称，这些记者报告说在被捕后遭受了酷刑。埃及内政部否认了这些指控。
The journalists have reported being tortured following their arrests, according to EIPR. Egypt's Interior Ministry has denied the allegations.
周二，检方将他们的羁押候审期限再延长15天。人权组织警告，此类羁押可能持续数月甚至数年。
On Tuesday, prosecutors extended their pretrial detention by another 15 days. Rights groups warn that such detention can continue for months or even years.
据埃及个人权利倡议组织称，埃及目前因工作原因关押着26名记者。
According to EIPR, Egypt currently holds 26 journalists in connection with their work.