蓬勃发展的半导体产业正助推中国古都西安的贸易激增，使其成为全国公开数据可得的省会及省级城市中贸易增速第一名。
A booming semiconductor industry is helping drive a surge in trade in Xian, one of China’s ancient capitals, making it the country’s top performer by trade growth among provincial capitals and provincial-level cities for which data is publicly available.
中国西部陕西省省会西安，2026年前九个月贸易总额同比激增115.5%。出口远超进口，同比增长142.1%。
The capital of western China’s Shaanxi province recorded a 115.5 per cent year-on-year surge in trade during the first nine months of 2026. Exports far outpaced imports, climbing 142.1 per cent.
两大产品类别拉动了大部分出口增长。自动数据处理设备及其零部件出货同比激增388.1%，集成电路出货同比增长251%。这两类合计占出口总额的76.5%。
Two product categories drove much of that export growth. Shipments of automatic data processing equipment and parts jumped 388.1 per cent year on year, while integrated circuits rose 251 per cent. Taken together, these categories accounted for 76.5 per cent of total exports.
上海华东师范大学经济学教授曾刚表示，这一激增反映了用于人工智能计算的芯片需求旺盛，以及西安在存储芯片领域十多年的投资布局。
Zeng Gang, an economics professor at East China Normal University in Shanghai, said the surge reflected booming demand for chips used in artificial intelligence computing, together with Xian’s investment in the memory chip sector over more than a decade.
曾刚补充道：“三星和美光科技在西安的业务是这一强劲扩张最直接的驱动力，让该城市充分享受到了全球产业顺风的本地红利。”
“Samsung and Micron Technology’s Xian operations stand out as the most immediate driver of this robust expansion, allowing the city to reap the fullest local gains from the global industry tailwind,” Zeng added.
尽管美国主导对华出口限制部分芯片制造设备，韩国三星和美国美光科技仍持续加大在华投资。
Despite United States-led export restrictions on certain chipmaking equipment destined for China, South Korea’s Samsung and US-based Micron Technology have continued investing in their Chinese operations.
据《韩国时报》3月报道，三星西安工厂是其唯一海外存储芯片晶圆厂，生产了集团约40%的NAND闪存芯片。该公司去年在该工厂投资4654亿韩元（约合3.51亿美元），较前年增加67.5%。
Samsung’s Xian facility is its only overseas memory-chip fabrication plant and produced about 40 per cent of the group’s NAND flash memory chips, according to a March report by the Korea Times. The company invested 465.4 billion South Korean won (US$351 million) in the facility last year, 67.5 per cent more than a year earlier.
制造业集群已在西安郊区涌现，巩固了该市在全球半导体供应链中的地位。据东华师范大学曾刚介绍，根据官方数据，今年前九个月，西安与韩国的贸易额也达到了近1800亿元人民币（约合270亿美元），同比激增224.4%，占该市贸易总额的23.5%。
Manufacturing clusters have emerged on the outskirts of Xian, solidifying the city’s position in the global semiconductor supply chainZeng Gang, East China Normal University Xian’s trade with South Korea also reached nearly 180 billion yuan (US$27 billion) in the first nine months, surging 224.4 per cent year on year and making up 23.5 per cent of the city’s total, according to official figures.
美光科技早在2023年就宣布，计划在西安分多年投资超过43亿元人民币，资金将用于收购一家本地企业并建设一座新的封装测试工厂——这是连接半导体产业链上下游的关键环节。
Micron announced back in 2023 that it planned to invest more than 4.3 billion yuan in Xian over multiple years, with the funding going towards buying a local firm and building a new packaging-and-testing facility – a crucial link connecting the upstream and downstream segments of the semiconductor value chain.
官方数据显示，今年前九个月，西安外商投资企业进出口总额达5886.7亿元人民币，增长174%，占该市贸易总额的77%。
Official data showed that foreign-invested enterprises in Xian recorded 588.67 billion yuan in imports and exports for the first nine months, an increase of 174 per cent, representing 77 per cent of the city’s total trade volume.
“在两大行业龙头的带动下，制造业集群已在西安郊区涌现，巩固了该市在全球半导体供应链中的地位，”曾刚表示。
“Spurred by these two industry leaders, manufacturing clusters have emerged on the outskirts of Xian, solidifying the city’s position in the global semiconductor supply chain,” Zeng said.
“中欧班列（西安）也是该市进出口大幅增长背后不可或缺的支柱。”
“The China-Europe Railway Express (Xian) is also an indispensable pillar behind the city’s sharp rise in imports and exports”.
该市的表现也带动了陕西全省贸易的增长。据公开数据统计，2026年前三个季度，陕西省进出口总额同比激增111.1%，增速位居各省之首。
The city’s performance has also helped lift trade across Shaanxi. The province’s total imports and exports surged 111.1 per cent year on year during the first three quarters of 2026, the fastest among provinces for which figures were publicly available.
存储芯片的前景也可能提供进一步支撑。市场研究机构TrendForce在9月下旬的一份报告中表示，所有动态随机存取存储器（DRAM）细分领域的价格均在上涨。
The outlook for memory chips could also provide further support. In a late September report, market research firm TrendForce said prices were climbing across all dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) segments.
据报告称，存储芯片供应商在第四季度继续将先进制程晶圆产能分配给高性能服务器产品，维持了供不应求的市场局面。报告预计，常规DRAM价格将较上一季度上涨10%至15%。
Memory-chip suppliers were continuing to allocate advanced process wafer capacity to high-performance server products in the fourth quarter, sustaining an undersupplied market, according to the report. It projected conventional DRAM prices would climb 10 to 15 per cent from the prior quarter.
然而，尽管贸易繁荣，西安的整体经济图景依然低迷。官方数据显示，上半年该市国内生产总值同比仅增长1.1%，低于全国平均水平3.6个百分点。
Despite the trade boom, however, Xian’s overall economic picture has remained subdued. Official figures showed that the city’s gross domestic product grew by just 1.1 per cent year on year in the first half of the year, 3.6 percentage points below the national average.
该市国内需求同样疲软，1至6月社会消费品零售总额同比下降3.6%。
Domestic demand in the city also remained sluggish, with total retail sales of consumer goods declining by 3.6 per cent from a year earlier in the January-June period.
与此同时，分析师警告称，存储芯片供应过剩的前景可能构成风险，一旦市场周期反转，西安的竞争优势可能变成一把双刃剑。
Meanwhile, the prospect of a glut in memory chips could pose risks, with Xian’s competitive edge becoming a potential double-edged sword once the market cycle turns, analysts warned.
曾某表示：“这种增长模式严重依赖一小群外资半导体巨头。其轨迹与全球半导体周期挂钩，这是中国无法自行控制的。”“西安必须应对出口激增与本地经济活动低迷之间的分化。”
“This growth model relies heavily on a small group of foreign semiconductor giants. Its trajectory is tied to the global semiconductor cycle, something China cannot control on its own,” Zeng said. “Xian must grapple with the divergence between its export surge and sluggish local economic activity.”