法国战略金属特使表示，西方国家有望在“三到五年内”实现稀土供应多元化，减少对中国的依赖。
France’s strategic metals envoy said Western countries could diversify rare earth supplies away from China in “three to five years”.
中国仍在部分稀土磁体领域占据主导地位，产量占比高达90%，其2025年的出口限制措施冲击了汽车制造商等行业。
China still dominates some rare earth magnets, with up to 90% of production, and its 2025 export curbs hit industries like carmakers.
欧洲、澳大利亚、美国、日本、巴西和印度的相关项目正在快速推进，但磁体产量可能制约进展；七国集团希望到2030年将对华依赖度降至60%以下。
Projects in Europe, Australia, the US, Japan, Brazil and India are moving fast, but magnet output may limit progress; the G-7 wants reliance cut below 60% by 2030.
人工智能生成 悉尼——法国战略金属最高特使10月27日表示，西方国家有望在三到五年内实现可接受的稀土供应多元化，减少对中国的依赖。
AI generated SYDNEY – Western countries could achieve an acceptable level of rare earths diversification away from China within three to five years, France’s top envoy for strategic metals said on Oct 27.
各国政府和制造商正竞相实现国防、技术和可再生能源所需关键金属的供应多元化，以降低对中国的依赖。中国在某些特种稀土磁体的产量中占比高达90%。
Governments and manufacturers are racing to diversify supplies of metals vital to defence, technology and renewable energy and reduce dependence on China which accounts for as much as 90% of production of some specialised rare earth magnets.
2025年，北京对永磁体的出口限制扰乱了包括汽车行业在内的多个产业，暴露了这些行业对单一来源的依赖，令全球市场感到不安。
Beijing rattled global markets in 2025 when export curbs on permanent magnets disrupted industries, including the automotive sector, exposing their reliance on a single source.
一些投资者和分析师质疑，鉴于生产这些用于汽车、飞机、电子产品和武器系统等各类产品的特种金属所需的投资规模和技术诀窍，打破中国的主导地位是否可行。
Some investors and analysts have questioned whether breaking China’s dominance is achievable, given the scale of investment and technical know-how required to produce the niche metals used in everything from cars and aircraft to electronics and weapons systems.
“你不需要在世界各地建数百座稀土矿来满足供应。这是一个有限的市场，数量有限。我们已经取得了一些进展，”法国战略矿产和金属供应部际代表本杰明·加莱佐表示。
“You don’t need hundreds of rare earths mines around the world to cover the supply. It’s a limited market, it’s a limited quantity. We have already made some progress,” said Benjamin Gallezot, France’s Interministerial Delegate for Strategic Minerals and Metals Supply.
他说，由比利时索尔维和法国Carester牵头的扩建项目，以及澳大利亚、美国、日本、巴西和印度的其他项目正在快速发展。
Expansion projects led by Belgium’s Solvay and France’s Carester, plus others in Australia, the US, Japan, Brazil, and India are developing quickly, he said.
“如果把所有这些项目加在一起，并推动加速推进，希望在未来三到五年内能够实现良好的多元化，”他在悉尼举行的一场矿业会议间隙表示。
“If you take all together, these projects, and you push to accelerate them, hopefully you can have a good diversification in the next three to five years,” he said, speaking on the sidelines of a mining conference in Sydney.
他表示，尽管稀土矿和精炼项目正在推进，但磁体制造的数量仍可能是一个限制因素。
While rare earths mines and refining projects were progressing, the amount of magnet manufacturing could still be a limiting factor, he said.
“解决这个问题不需要十年时间。”七国集团领导人今年6月同意加强协调，以减少本国在关键矿产方面对中国的依赖。
“You don’t need a decade to solve this problem.”Leaders of the Group of Seven nations agreed in June to step up coordination to cut their countries’ reliance on China for critical minerals.
他们的目标是，到2030年，将七国集团及其伙伴国家在稀土和永磁体方面对七国集团以外任何单一供应商的依赖度降至60%以下，最终目标是“尽快”降至50%。“我们可以做得更多，”加勒佐说。
They aim to reduce dependence on any one supplier outside the G-7 and its partner countries for rare earths and permanent magnets to below 60% by 2030, with an ultimate goal of 50% “as soon as possible”. “We can do much more,” Gallezot said.