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这位右翼福音派曾是特朗普最大的支持者之一。他为何不谈中期选举?This rightwing evangelical was one of Trump’s biggest backers. Why isn’t he talking about the midterms?

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2024年10月5日,在宾夕法尼亚州哈里斯堡举行的一场“王国到国会”音乐会。摄影:米格尔·华雷斯·卢戈/祖玛通讯社/Rex/ShutterstockA ‘Kingdom to the Capitol’ concert in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, on 5 October 2024. Photograph: Miguel Juarez Lugo/Zuma Press Wire/Rex/Shutterstock

2024年10月5日,宾夕法尼亚州哈里斯堡举行“从王国到国会山”音乐会。

A ‘Kingdom to the Capitol’ concert in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, on 5 October 2024.

唐纳德·特朗普最具影响力的基督教民族主义支持者之一、兰斯·沃尔瑙私下里避而不谈在中期选举前为共和党拉票,转而敦促支持者将注意力集中在别处——包括效仿萨尔瓦多和波兰、为查理·柯克寻找继任者,甚至关注自己的饮食。

Lance Wallnau has gathered supporters to talk about Charlie Kirk and school boards – with no mention of GOP ne of Donald Trump’s most influential Christian nationalist backers has privately shied away from rallying supporters for the Republican party before the midterms, instead urging them to focus their attention elsewhere – including emulating El Salvador and Poland, finding a successor for Charlie Kirk and even focusing on their own diets.

本月初,在达拉斯-沃斯堡地区为付费“合伙人”举办的“合一”周末活动上,2015年最早公开支持特朗普的著名右翼福音派人士之一沃尔瑙在三场会议中谈论了萨尔瓦多监狱制度的优点、校董会以及该运动的未来。当时距离中期选举仅三周多一点,但他一次都没提中期选举。

At the “As One” weekend for paying “partners” in the Dallas-Fort Worth area earlier this month, Lance Wallnau, one of the first prominent rightwing evangelicals to back Trump in 2015, spoke across three sessions about the virtues of El Salvador’s prison system, school boards and the movement’s future. The midterms, then little more than three weeks away, were not mentioned once.

沃尔瑙长期主张在基督教政治中既要“公开”也要“隐蔽”,并帮助撰写了“让美国再次伟大”运动中基督教民族主义者的蓝图,旨在将他们的信仰从个人得救转向政治、社会和制度层面的征服。

Wallnau has long espoused being both “overt and covert” in Christian politics, and helped write the blueprint for Christian nationalists within the Maga movement to turn their faith from personal salvation towards political, social and institutional conquest.

沃尔瑙公开场合依然力挺特朗普和共和党候选人。今年春天,他赞扬特朗普是“一位真正的旧约先知君王”,其“敌人因他的政治技巧而惊慌失措”。但在闭门会议上,他承认“让美国再次伟大”运动难以吸引年轻人,并敦促支持者考虑建设后特朗普时代的基础设施,培养能超越总统任期的领袖。

Wallnau still champions Trump and Republican candidates in public. In spring, he praised Trump as “an actual Old Testament prophet king” whose “enemies are freaking out” because of his political skill. But behind closed doors, he conceded that the Maga movement is struggling to appeal to young people, and urged supporters to think about building a post-Trump infrastructure, with leaders who will outlast the president.

“查利·柯克的死让我不安,”他在周末的盛大晚宴上说道,指的是那位被杀害的右翼活动人士。去年他在犹他州一次公开活动上遇害,激励了许多右翼人士。沃尔诺将自己定位为为下一位柯克“膏立”的人。“我得找到那个人,那是我的工作。”他说,“我觉得自己更像撒母耳,而不是大卫”——这是指旧约中膏立以色列诸王的先知撒母耳。

“Charlie Kirk’s death bothers me,” he told the weekend’s gala dinner, referring to the slain rightwing activist whose murder at a public event in Utah last year galvanized many on the right. Wallnau posited himself as the person to anoint the next Kirk. “I got to find that guy. That’s my job,” he said. “I feel more like a Samuel than a David” – a reference to the Old Testament prophet who anointed Israel’s kings.

沃尔诺推崇萨尔瓦多,称其是一个“通过预言产生总统”的国家,意指该国威权总统纳伊布·布克尔。他说布克尔正在建设一个“绵羊国家”——这个词指末世时与“山羊国家”分离开来的敬神国家。他还对东欧国家匈牙利、斯洛伐克和波兰表示赞许,这些国家近年来都经历了极右翼政治浪潮。

Wallnau promoted El Salvador as one nation with “a president through prophecy”, a reference to the country’s authoritarian president, Nayib Bukele, whom he said was building a “sheep nation” – a term for the godly nations that are separated from the “goat nations” in the end times. He also spoke approvingly of eastern European nations Hungary, Slovakia and Poland, all of which have experienced hard-right political surges in recent years.

9月28日,兰斯·沃尔诺在宾夕法尼亚州门罗维尔与一名追随者在一起。

Lance Wallnau with a follower in Monroeville, Pennsylvania, on 28 September.

在国内,他引导追随者关注地方行动的力量。他称赞得克萨斯州南湖市的教会会众接管了学校董事会,赶走了“进步的马克思主义自由主义者和恶魔意识形态”。他告诉那些对附近欧文市一座清真寺感到不满的人,“去投票把市议会选下去”,并建议这场运动“渗透伊斯兰教”。

At home, he pointed followers to the power of local action. He churchgoers in Southlake, Texas, for taking over the school board and kicking out “progressive Marxist liberals and demonic ideologies”. He told those upset about a mosque in nearby Irving to “go vote out this city council”, and suggested the movement “infiltrate Islam”.

9月28日,兰斯·沃尔瑙在宾夕法尼亚州门罗维尔与一名追随者在一起。摄影:米格尔·华雷斯·卢戈/祖玛通讯社/ShutterstockLance Wallnau with a follower in Monroeville, Pennsylvania, on 28 September. Photograph: Miguel Juarez Lugo/Zuma Press Wire/Shutterstock

沃尔诺在合作伙伴周末活动上坦率地说,隐私是必要的,因为记者“跟踪我”。在一间只有少数人看起来不到40岁的房间里,他承认自己的追随者是“一个正在老龄化的人口群体”。

Speaking candidly at the partner weekend, Wallnau said that privacy was necessary because journalists “stalk me”. In a room in which only a handful of people appeared to be under 40, he acknowledged his following as “an ageing demographic”.

现年70岁的沃尔诺在福音派圈子中备受尊崇。他与人合著了2013年出版的《入侵巴比伦:七山使命》一书,该书敦促基督徒掌控社会的七个领域,从政府、媒体到教育和商业。两年后,他成为特朗普最早的支持者之一,将特朗普比作居鲁士王——这位波斯统治者不信以色列人的宗教,却推动了以色列人的事业。

Wallnau, 70, is highly revered in evangelical circles. He co-wrote the 2013 book Invading Babylon: The 7 Mountain Mandate, which urges Christians to take control of seven spheres of society, from government and media to education and business. Two years later, he became one of Trump’s earliest champions, likening him to King Cyrus, the Persian ruler who was not of the Israelites’ faith, but furthered their cause.

特朗普似乎在最近堪萨斯州的一次集会上暗示了这一想法,他回忆说,“一位来自得克萨斯州达拉斯的牧师”曾说过:“他读《圣经》可能没我们多……但关于他有一点——他是最伟大的领袖。”在2024年大选期间,沃尔诺创办了“勇气巡回”活动,这是一个信仰与政治相结合的巡回活动,为特朗普走遍摇摆州助选。尽管他的事工机构从这次活动中入账超过100万美元,但沃尔诺并未寻求在本届选举周期重演这一做法。

Trump appeared to allude to this idea at a recent rally in Kansas recalling that “a certain pastor from Dallas, Texas” had said: “He might not read the Bible as much as us … But one thing about him – he’s the greatest leader.”During the 2024 election, Wallnau founded the Courage Tour, a travelling festival of faith and politics that toured swing states for Trump. Despite his ministry booking more than a million dollars in income from the tour, Wallnau has not sought to repeat it in this election cycle.

虽然沃尔诺在公开场合常常高调,但他私下的想法更能说明问题,也更具政治色彩。他是洗革拉集团的重要齿轮。洗革拉集团是一个总部位于得克萨斯州、行事隐秘的基督教统治论团体,其会员净资产最低要求为2500万美元。洗革拉集团在2024年总统大选中的活动非常活跃且具有影响力,聚焦选民投票率、性与性别议题以及基督徒动员。

While Wallnau is often loud in public, his private musings are more telling – and more politically charged. He is an important cog in the Ziklag group, a secretive Texas-based Christian dominionist group with a minimum net worth requirement of $25m for membership. Ziklag’s operations were highly active and influential in the 2024 presidential election, targeting voter turnout, sex and gender issues, and Christian mobilization.

在2023年泄露的仅限会员观看的视频中,沃尔诺对洗革拉集团阐述了他为这个黑钱团体制定的选举策略:“你几乎不愿意把话说得这么清楚,因为如果别人掌握了这些,他们会抓狂的,”他说。该团体将2024年大选的作战计划分成三项行动:“将死”行动资助所谓的“选举公正”团体;“障碍赛”行动动员教会;“瞭望塔”行动则煽动围绕性别认同和父母权利的紧张局势。

leaked members-only videos addressing the Ziklag group in 2023, Wallnau laid out ideas for the dark-money group’s electoral strategy: “You almost hate to put it out this clearly, because if somebody else gets ahold of this, they’ll freak out,” he said. The group divided its battle plan into three operations for the 2024 election: Checkmate, which funded so-called electoral integrity groups; Steeplechase, which mobilized churches; and Watchtower, which stoked tensions over sexual identity and parental rights.

在上周三为“合一”成员举办的后续“战略事工网络研讨会”上,距离选举日不足两周,沃尔瑙承认了显而易见的问题。“我们都负有一定的责任……但你不能对整个国家负责,”他说,指的是选举。“你已经尽了自己的责任。你的良心无愧,中期选举无论出现什么结果都将是既定事实。到时候我们再处理。”

In a follow-up “strategic ministry webinar” for As One members last Wednesday, less than two weeks before election day, Wallnau acknowledged the elephant in the room. “We all have a certain responsibility … but you can’t be responsible for the whole nation,” he said, referring to the elections. “You’ve done your job. Your conscience is clear, and whatever comes out in the midterms is going to be. We’ll sort that out when it happens.”

随后,他敦促追随者关注自身,而非政治。“当你面对不喜欢的事、行不通的事、不明朗的事,”他说,“其中蕴藏着某种更大益处的种子……也许关乎生活方式,也许关乎饮食。”他确实提供的政治内容着眼于中期选举之后的更远未来,并运用了熟悉的极右翼套路。他重复特朗普的说法,声称法国动荡是由移民引起的,并警告说“欧洲发生的事可能在18个月内发生在这里”。

He then urged followers to focus on themselves, rather than politics. “When you’re dealing with something you don’t like, something that isn’t working, something that isn’t clear,” he said, “there’s some seed of a greater benefit that can come out of that … maybe it’s going to be lifestyle, or maybe it’s going to be diet.”The political content he did offer looked further ahead beyond the midterms and played on familiar far-right tropes. Repeating Trump’s claim that unrest in France was caused by immigration, he warned that “what’s happening in Europe could be coming here in 18 months”.

“合一”周末活动,他说,旨在将精力集中在未来:“36个月后,很多事情都可能改变。”目前,他正在从时事中“抽身”,转向圣经学习,“那里我不必面对任何负面事物”。

The As One weekend, he said, had been about focusing energies on the future: “Thirty-six months from now, a lot can change.”For now, he was “pulling back” from current events towards Bible studies where “I don’t have to deal with anything negative”.

蒙特利尔康考迪亚大学教授安德烈·加涅多年来一直关注沃尔瑙,他在审阅了这些活动的记录后表示,这种私人聚会是沃尔瑙吸引力的重要组成部分。“他是一位民粹主义者,”加涅说,“他让基督徒深刻认识到参与社会变革的必要性。”

André Gagné, a professor at Concordia University in Montreal who has followed Wallnau for years, reviewed the transcripts of the events and said that private gatherings like this are a big part of his appeal. “He’s a populist,” Gagné said. “He impresses on Christians the need to get involved in societal transformation.”

加涅表示,对中期选举的沉默反映了特朗普联盟内部的紧张关系,甚至来自他最早、最成功的支持者:“运动内部出现了裂痕,”他说,“我感觉沃尔瑙觉得必须非常小心地措辞,无论是过度为特朗普辩护,还是过度谈论中期选举。”

Gagné said the silence on the midterms reflected strains in Trump’s coalition, even from some of his earliest, and most victorious, backers: “There’s fractures in the movement,” he said. “My sense is that Wallnau feels he has to tread very carefully with what he’s going to say in overly defending Trump or overly talking about the midterms.”

加涅补充道,当沃尔瑙抱怨记者跟踪他时,“他其实是在自夸”。而他对柯克继任者的谈论,部分也是在谈论他自己。“他把自己视为将在查理·柯克之后引领方向的人,”他说。沃尔瑙与特朗普保持距离不仅是策略性的,也是务实的:他必须考虑谁将接班——这也是他如此乐于指出其他国家领导人(如萨尔瓦多的布克勒)的原因。“他说有许多‘古列’,上帝正在兴起所有这些其他非常强有力的领袖,”加涅说,“特朗普不是唯一一个。”

When Wallnau complains that journalists stalk him, Gagné added, “he’s actually bragging”. And his talk of Kirk’s successor was partly about himself. “He sees himself as someone that’s going to lead the way after Charlie Kirk,” he said. Wallnau’s distancing himself from Trump is not merely strategic, but practical: he has to think of who is coming next – why he is so happy to point to leaders of other nations, such as Bukele in El Salvador. “He talks about there are many Cyruses, that there are all these other very strong leaders that God is raising up,” Gagné said. “Trump is not the only one.”

沃尔瑙最近的著作《狮子的回归》用更严峻的措辞阐述了利害关系。“复兴是个人的。改革是体制性的,”他写道。“耶稣将回来,向悖逆的天使以及一切与他们结盟的人和事施行报应。”

Wallnau’s most recent book, The Return of the Lion, sets out the stakes in starker terms. “Revival is personal. Reformation is institutional,” he writes. “Jesus is coming back to execute vengeance on rebellious angels and everyone and everything aligned with them.”

在晚宴上,沃尔瑙以更具对抗性的方式结束了当晚的活动,要求与会者与他一起站起来,共同参与一次空手道劈砍动作。“问题在于,”他说,指责合作伙伴采取半吊子措施,“[如果]你劈不断木板,就会弄断自己的手。”

At the gala, Wallnau closed out the evening more combatively, asking attenders to stand up with him and participate in a karate chop together. “Here’s the problem,” he said, accusing partners of half-measures. “[If] you don’t break a board, you break your hand.”

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