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苏格兰各地方议会希望重新考虑改革方案——是否有前行之路?Scottish councils want a rethink on reform plans - is there a way forward?

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苏格兰各地方议会可能面临数十年来最大规模的改革计划Scotland's councils could be in line for their largest programme of reform in decades

苏格兰地方政府协会(Cosla)呼吁苏格兰政府“重新考虑”其地方政府改革提案。

Council leaders have called for the Scottish government to "rethink" its proposals for local government reforms.

苏格兰政府部长提议,用六到十个大型区域当局以及一百多个较小的地方机构,取代现有的32个市议会。

Ministers have proposed replacing existing councils with six to 10 large regional authorities and more than a hundred smaller local bodies.

在32位市议会领袖举行会议后,作为伞形组织的Cosla表示,仅改变架构并非解决之道。

Following a meeting of the 32 council leaders, umbrella body Cosla said a change of structure alone is not the answer.

该组织现已提出自己的改革愿景——将更多权力下放至地方层面,并审视资金安排,包括市政税。

It has now set out its own vision for reform - with more powers being devolved to a local level and a review of funding arrangements, including council tax.

Cosla主席肖娜·莫里森承认公共服务确实需要变革,但表示苏格兰政府的提案及其参与方式“需要重新考虑”。苏格兰政府已将“公共服务改革”列为本届议会任期的关键目标。

Cosla president Shona Morrison acknowledged public services did need to change but said the Scottish government's proposals and approach to engagement "need a rethink". The Scottish government has made "public service reform" a key goal in this new term of parliament.

苏格兰民族党(SNP)的竞选纲领中并未提及全面重绘地方政府版图的计划,但在市议会询问部长究竟想要什么后,相关愿景迅速出炉。

Plans for a wholescale redrawing of local government weren't mentioned in the SNP manifesto, but after councils asked what ministers actually wanted, a vision was swiftly drawn up.

苏格兰的新政治版图将包括六到十个大型区域当局,负责教育、垃圾收集、经济发展和重大规划决策等关键服务。

The new political map of Scotland would include six to ten large regional authorities in charge of key services like education, bin collection, economic development and major planning decisions.

此外,还将设立120到160个较小的社区当局,处理许可和市中心改善等地方事务。岛屿社区将实行单独安排。

There would also be 120 to 160 smaller community authorities which would deal with local issues, such as licensing and town centre improvements. Separate arrangements would be put in place for island communities.

与愿景本身同样雄心勃勃的是提议的时间表,政府旨在仅用三个月内就前进道路达成广泛共识。

Every bit as ambitious as the vision itself was the timescale proposed, with the government aiming to secure a broad agreement about a way forward inside just three months.

根据拟议的新体系,垃圾收集工作将归更大的区域管理机构管辖Bin collection would come under the remit of larger regional authorities under the proposed new system

Cosla表示,这不应仅仅是关于地方政府架构的对话,而应关注其为社区带来的成果。不过,他们在治理安排上的提案与苏格兰政府的方案截然不同。

Cosla says this should not just be a conversation about the structure of local government, but the outcomes it provides for communities. Their proposals on governance arrangements look quite different to the Scottish government one, though.

Cosla称,计划应以现有的32个市议会为起点,建立更好的“区域协作与共享能力”。

Cosla said plans should start with the 32 existing councils, building in better "regional collaboration and shared capacity".

他们说,这将涉及在更广泛的区域内整合服务,“而不自动假设需要一个新的区域级政府机构”。

They said that would involve services being joined up across wider areas "without automatically assuming a new regional authority is needed".

在当地支持的情况下,可能会出现“议会的自愿合并”,但仅限于“经民主同意”的前提下。

There could be "voluntary consolidation of councils" where that is supported locally, but only "subject to democratic agreement".

苏格兰地方政府协会(Cosla)还表示,“不清楚130多个社区管理机构的提议将增加什么内容”。

Cosla also said it was "unclear what the proposal for 130+ community authorities will add".

他们转而推动对权力归属进行“全系统”审查——涵盖苏格兰议会、国民保健署(NHS)、国家机构和公共机构以及各级议会——以使权力尽可能贴近社区。

They are instead pushing for a "whole-system" review of where powers lie - right across Holyrood, the NHS, national agencies and public bodies as well as councils - to get them as close to communities as possible.

这部分与约翰·斯温尼的愿景相去不远,后者的设想包括将苏格兰本土的卫生局数量削减至两个,并合并一批公共部门机构和部门。

That part is not a million miles away from John Swinney's vision, which involves cutting the number of health boards on the mainland to two and merging a clutch of public sector bodies and agencies.

但这凸显了任务的规模——这无异于对苏格兰治理方式的彻底重塑。

But it underlines the scale of the task involved - it is nothing less than a total rewiring of how Scotland is run.

当你与地方政府人士交谈时,往往能感受到他们最迫切的担忧不是结构问题——而是财政问题。

When you talk to people in local government, what tends to come across is that their most pressing concern is not about structure – it is about finance.

我们正逼近因苏格兰议会预算中地方政府获得的拨款而引发的传统争执季节。

We are approaching the traditional season of bickering over the settlement local government gets to deliver services in the Holyrood budget.

苏格兰地方政府协会希望“资金担保”从一开始就成为谈判的核心部分——包括议会税改革。苏格兰民族党(SNP)自2003年以来一直高调宣称要废除议会税,但倾向于将变革视为一个长期项目。

Cosla wants "funding guarantees" to be a core part of talks from the outset - including council tax reform The SNP has famously been talking about scrapping the council tax since 2003, but tends to talk about changes as a longer-term project.

去年夏天,该党表示改革“本十年内不可能实现”,因为就重新评估房产价值达成协议的复杂过程需要2031年大选的授权。

Last summer it said reforms "will not be possible this decade" because the complex process of thrashing out an agreement about revaluing properties would require an electoral mandate in 2031.

在现行制度基于1991年房产价值的情况下,最终总得有人下定决心解决这个问题。

With the current system based on property values in 1991, someone is going to have to bite the bullet on that eventually.

不过,议会税并非资金问题的终点,正如我们在游客税等创新举措中所见。

Council tax isn't the end of the story on funding, though, as we have seen with innovations like visitor levies.

目前的市政税等级是基于1991年进行的估值划定的Council tax bands are currently based on valuations carried out in 1991

刚刚为英格兰议会宣布的财政下放“路线图”也提出了一些有趣的可能性。

The "roadmap" for fiscal devolution just announced for councils in England raises some interesting possibilities too.

财政大臣约翰·希利提议将部分所得税税收直接分配给地方政府——我们知道苏格兰民族党(SNP)喜欢这个主意,因为他们在2016年竞选宣言中就包含了这一内容。

Chancellor John Healey has proposed assigning some income tax revenues directly to local authorities - an idea we know the SNP like, because they included it in their 2016 election manifesto.

安迪·伯纳姆将苏格兰称为“欧洲最中央集权的国家之一”,那么他与约翰·斯温尼的下放权力谈判,是否会导致更多权力被下放到地方层面,超越苏格兰议会(荷里路德)的范围?

Andy Burnham talks about Scotland as "one of the most centralised nations in Europe" so could his devolution talks with John Swinney result in more powers being pushed down to a local level, beyond Holyrood?

苏格兰地方政府协会(Cosla)负责人定于下周与首席部长会面谈判,如今双方都已摊牌。

Cosla bosses are due to meet the first minister next week for talks now that both sides have their cards on the table.

副首席部长珍妮·吉尔鲁斯也将出席会议,鉴于她同时也是财政大臣,将于12月初公布政府预算计划,她可能最终发挥关键作用。

Deputy First Minister Jenny Gilruth is due to attend the meeting too and may end up playing a key role given she is also the finance secretary who will be setting the government's budget plans out at the start of December.

首席部长约翰·斯温尼及其副手珍妮·吉尔鲁斯预计将与苏格兰地方政府公约(Cosla)负责人会面First Minister John Swinney and his deputy, Jenny Gilruth, are due to meet with Cosla bosses

Cosla表示,改革计划“不能与”即将出台的预算分开,而该预算前景岌岌可危。

Cosla say reform plans "cannot be separated" from the upcoming budget, which is looking perilously tight.

苏格兰政府自身的中期财政战略预测,到2029-30财年,支出计划与预期收入之间将出现48亿英镑的缺口。

The Scottish government's own medium-term financial strategy projects a £4.8bn shortfall between spending plans and expected income by 2029-30.

在这一谈判关键时刻,地方政府是否现实地能获得一笔丰厚的拨款?又一场关于资金的争吵,将为改革谈判增添极少的善意。

Is there realistically going to be a bumper payout for councils, at a pivotal moment for these talks? Yet another row over funding would create little goodwill for reform negotiations.

公共部门薪资计划也是如此——两年前商定的三年薪资包留下的回旋余地极其有限。

The same is true of public sector pay plans - there is precious little wiggle room left in the three-year envelope agreed two years ago.

除非从别处找到额外资金,否则很可能会因薪资协议与工会发生冲突——这些工会也将在地方改革计划中拥有发言权。明年5月还有地方议会选举在即。

Unless extra cash is found from somewhere, there could well be a scrap with unions over pay deals - the same unions which will have a say in these local reform plans. There are also council elections looming next May.

部长们坚持认为选举可以照常进行,因为新体制可沿用现有选区边界,这意味着5月当选的1226名议员只需转任新机构,同时在区域和社区两级机构任职。但这引发了一系列问题。

Ministers insist those can go ahead because the new system could keep existing ward boundaries, meaning the 1,226 councillors elected in May could simply shift to the new authorities, sitting on both the regional and community authorities. That raises a whole series of questions, though.

苏格兰各地的议会选举定于明年5月举行Council elections across Scotland are due to take place in May next year

一个涵盖格拉斯哥及周边地区的大区,最终可能拥有350多名议员。

A region spanning Glasgow and the surrounding area could end up with more than 350 councillors.

与此同时,一些社区管理机构最终可能只有两三名议员,他们代表的要么是城市里极小的区域,要么是大片农村地区。

Meanwhile some community authorities could end up with just two or three councillors on them, representing either tiny pockets of cities or large swathes of more rural areas.

鉴于议会选举的投票率经常很低——今年夏天阿伯丁的一次补选仅有 13.3% 的人前去投票——选民需要清楚地了解究竟有哪些选择。

Given turnout at council elections is frequently poor - a by-election in Aberdeen over the summer saw just 13.3% of people bother - voters will need a clear idea in their heads of exactly what the choice on offer is.

现在中央政府和地方政府都已勾勒出愿景,我们可以开始判断是否有前进的道路。

Now that both central and local government has outlined a vision, we can start to get an idea of whether there is a way forward.

认为此事可在几个月内尘埃落定的想法恐怕已经可以打消了——这是一个需要数年时间的过程,前提是它能真正启动。

The notion of it being settled in a matter of months can probably be put to bed already - this is the sort of process that will take years, if it gets off the ground at all.

正如我们刚才在议员和选区问题上所见,在着手划分地方政府的众多职责之前,还有几十个问题需要解决,从议会持有的财产到债务再到养老金。

As we've just seen with the question of councillors and wards there are dozens of issues to be worked through, from council property holdings to debts to pensions, before we even get to carving up the many responsibilities of local government.

在这些职责中也可能存在不可逾越的红线——政府公开谈论过将社会照护职责移交给卫生局,而议会将不愿放弃这一职责。

There may well be red lines among those responsibilities too - the government is has openly talked about shifting social care responsibility to health boards, which councils will be loathe to relinquish.

说到社会照护,改革立法需要在苏格兰议会通过,并建立共识,以避免国家照护服务垮台的情况重演。

Talking of social care, reform legislation would need to be passed at Holyrood, and consensus built to avoid a repeat of the collapse of the National Care Service.

如果这些改革最终得以实施,将是有史以来通过苏格兰议会(Holyrood)的最大规模改革之一The reforms will be some of the largest ever to pass through Holyrood, should they happen at all

那是一个雄心勃勃的项目,却因政府缺乏清晰愿景、且未能与地方政府和工会达成一致而陷入泥沼——这无疑是一个警示性的案例。

That was an ambitious project which was bogged down by a lack of a clear vision from government and any agreement with local government and unions - surely a cautionary tale.

各方都有意愿采取行动改革公共服务——使其尽可能高效运行,既造福社区,又能平衡财政收支。部长们试图通过设定紧迫的初步咨询时间表来注入一些紧迫感。

There is a will on all sides for something to be done to reform public services - to get them running as efficiently as possible, both for the benefit of communities and to balance the books. Ministers attempted to inject a bit of urgency with the tight timescale for initial consultation.

但无法回避的是,这是一项庞大而复杂的工程——加上重划卫生局,这将是苏格兰议会一次性承担的最大规模任务。

But there is no escaping that this is a vast and complicated enterprise - combined with the redrawing of health boards it would be the biggest thing Holyrood has ever done in one go.

人们担心,所有这些对改革的关注在短期内制造了不确定性,这意味着其他工作陷入停滞。

The concern is that all of this focus on reform creates uncertainty in the short term, which means other endeavours grind to a halt.

地方议会有大量工作要做——从国家级项目如强制收购规则改革,到地方发展规划等事务,后者听起来枯燥乏味,但对新住房开发项目能否推进至关重要。

Councils have plenty to get on with - from national projects like reform of compulsory purchase rules to things like local development plans, which sound boring but are critical in whether things like new housing developments can go ahead.

因此,未来几周将进行的谈判可能对从住房危机到商业街状况、再到当地学校和护理服务的运营,以及您的地方税单和垃圾收集等一切事项都至关重要。

So the negotiations which take place over the coming weeks could be critical in everything from the housing emergency to the state of the high street, to the running of local schools and care services, and to your local tax bill and your bin collections.

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