台北 —— 据直接了解谈判情况的消息人士透露，日本和台湾正在推进一项广泛的贸易协定，这可能为这两个亚洲科技强国提供战略锚定，并打破台湾贸易外交的僵局。
TAIPEI -- Japan and Taiwan are working on a broad trade pact, according to sources with direct knowledge of the talks, that could provide a strategic anchor between the Asian tech powers and break a logjam in Taiwanese trade diplomacy.
据两位不愿透露姓名的高层消息人士称，因事态敏感，日本正与台湾总统赖清德的政府磋商，以敲定一项全面经济协定，该协定将类似于伦敦与台北于2023年签署的“强化贸易伙伴关系”。
Japan is in talks with Taiwan President Lai Ching-te's administration to finalize a comprehensive economic agreement that would resemble the Enhanced Trade Partnership struck by London and Taipei in 2023, according to two highly placed sources who declined to be named because of the matter's sensitivity.
其中一位消息人士表示：“英国与台湾的‘强化贸易伙伴关系’为日本树立了先例。”该人士称，该框架允许未来签署更多针对特定领域或部门的协定，具有灵活性，“将政治敏感性降至最低”，且若中国发难，能为东京提供掩护。
"The Enhanced Trade Partnership between the U.K. and Taiwan sets a precedent for Japan to follow," one of the sources said. The framework allows flexibility for more area- or sector-specific pacts to be signed in the future, "minimizes political sensitivity" and gives Tokyo cover if China lashes out, the individual said.
北京声称对台湾拥有主权，并定期批评国际社会与赖清德政府的接触，包括贸易谈判和经贸相关协定。台北方面拒绝北京的主张。上述消息人士称，该协定最早可能于年底签署。
Beijing claims Taiwan as its own and regularly criticizes international engagement with Lai's administration, including trade talks and economy-related agreements. Taipei rejects Beijing's claims. The earliest the deal could be signed is the end of the year, the source said.
据了解，东京与台北讨论的草案涵盖五大合作领域：经济韧性与创新、灾害风险减缓方面的产业合作、数字贸易、贸易便利化，以及可持续发展。
A draft discussed by Tokyo and Taipei covers five areas of cooperation: economic resilience and innovation, industry cooperation on disaster risk reduction, digital trade, trade facilitation, and sustainability.
消息人士称，灾害风险减缓主要被理解为涵盖无人机合作，主要作为应对地震等自然灾害的一种方式。
Disaster risk reduction is understood to encompass drone cooperation chiefly as a way of responding to natural disasters such as earthquakes, the source said.
台湾政府，包括外交部和经济部，以及日本驻台北的事实上的大使馆，均未立即回应《日经亚洲》的置评请求。
Taiwan's government, including the foreign and economic affairs ministries, and Japan's de facto embassy in Taipei did not immediately respond to Nikkei Asia's requests for comments.
“与七国集团（G7）两个重要成员——英国和日本——达成的战略协议，共同为台湾创造了动力和空间，使其能够应对来自中国以及[美国总统唐纳德·]特朗普关税战的压力，并利用台湾的科技优势在世界舞台上占据主动，”总部设在台北的企业分�师Jasmine Lee表示。
"Collectively, strategic deals with Britain and Japan, both prominent members of the Group of Seven, create momentum and space for Taiwan to navigate pressures from China and [U.S. President Donald] Trump's tariff war, and capitalize on Taiwanese tech leverage on the world stage," said Taipei-based corporate analyst Jasmine Lee.
如果最终敲定，该协议将是赖清德政府的一场来之不易的胜利。该政府在国际贸易战略上屡屡碰壁，今年早些时候还因职场霸凌丑闻导致贸易谈判办公室总谈判代表杨珍妮下台。
If finalized, the agreement would be a hard-won victory for Lai's administration, which has often been stonewalled in its international trade strategy, along with a scandal over workplace bullying that brought down top trade minister Yang Jen-ni earlier this year.
该协定也将象征着东京与台北关系的升温，双方都在应对中国的挑战。自日本首相高市早苗一年前在国会谈及潜在的台湾危机以来，中国已对日本发起了外交和经济施压攻势。八月，日本国旗在东京一港口的货柜前飘扬。
The pact would also symbolize tightening ties between Tokyo and Taipei as both contend with China, which has targeted Japan with a diplomatic and economic pressure campaign since Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi spoke about a potential Taiwan crisis in parliament a year ago. A Japanese flag flutters in front of cargo containers at a port in Tokyo in August.
据东京笹川和平财团智库战略与威慑项目主任山本胜也表示，历史上，东京在与台湾建立更广泛的经济框架制度化方面一直持谨慎态度，部分原因在于日中关系的大背景。“然而，战略和经济环境已发生相当大的变化。”
Historically, Tokyo has been cautious about institutionalizing a broader economic framework with Taiwan, partly because of the broader context of Japan-China relations, according to Katsuya Yamamoto, strategy and deterrence program director at the Tokyo-based Sasakawa Peace Foundation think tank. "However, the strategic and economic environment has changed considerably."
山本胜也并非针对某项具体协议，而是从总体上指出：“经济安全已成为一项主要政策优先事项，日本和台湾都有兴趣增强关键供应链的韧性，特别是在先进技术和半导体领域。”
Speaking in general terms rather than about a specific deal, Yamamoto observed that "economic security has become a major policy priority, and both Japan and Taiwan share an interest in strengthening the resilience of critical supply chains, particularly in advanced technologies and semiconductors."
他补充称，双方达成贸易协定“既能服务于实际经济目的，也能服务于更广泛的战略目标，即深化志同道合经济体之间的合作，并减少对任何单一市场或供应链的过度依赖。”其中一位消息人士表示，人们希望与日本达成的协议能推动其他国家，特别是加拿大和菲律宾，推进各自的单独协议。消息人士去年曾告诉《日经亚洲》，台北和渥太华已达成一项协定，但加拿大方面止步于此，而总理马克·卡尼一直在寻求重振与北京的关系。
He added that a trade deal between them "could serve both practical economic purposes and a broader strategic objective by deepening cooperation among like-minded economies and reducing excessive dependence on any single market or supply chain." One of the sources said there are hopes that the agreement with Japan could push other countries, particularly Canada and the Philippines, to move ahead with separate deals. Sources told Nikkei Asia last year that Taipei and Ottawa had concluded a pact but that the Canadians had stopped short ofg it and Prime Minister Mark Carney has sought to renew ties with Beijing.
台湾外交部长林佳龙大力推动经济外交，将台湾的科技杠杆与从欧洲到菲律宾的商业影响力相结合。伦敦和台北最近签署了一项单独的《科学、创新与技术安排》（SITA），涵盖双方航天机构在卫星通信技术方面的合作。
Taiwanese Foreign Minister Lin Chia-lung has made a strong push on economic diplomacy, combining Taiwan's tech leverage with commercial clout from Europe to the Philippines. London and Taipei recently signed a separate Science, Innovation and Technology Arrangement (SITA) that covers cooperation on satellite communications technologies between their space agencies.
在上周台湾外国记者协会举办的简报会上，英国驻台北事实上的大使鲁思·布拉德利-琼斯表示，此类安排“表明了关系的发展方向，也向企业发出信号，让它们知道可以在哪里充满信心地开始建设。”
At a Taiwan Foreign Correspondents' Club briefing last week, Ruth Bradley-Jones, Britain's de facto ambassador in Taipei, said such arrangements "signal where the relationship is going and signal to companies where they can start building with confidence."
她接着说：“台湾已确立了其在全球供应链中的关键节点地位。它是一个经济强国，即将跻身世界前20大经济体，且对印太安全至关重要。它也是一个值得信赖的伙伴，一个以价值观为导向的民主政体。”
Taiwan has "established itself as a key node in global supply chains," she continued. "It's an economic powerhouse, soon to be in the top 20 economies in the world, and it is crucial to Indo-Pacific security. It's also a trustworthy partner, values-driven democracy."
她还将台湾描述为“一个伙伴，尽管遭受各种形式的排斥，仍继续致力于维护经济和政治全球规范。”布拉德利-琼斯还推介了在半导体人才、人工智能和清洁能源等优先领域达成的新协议。“我们有一项长期政策，即维持台湾作为一个国际议题对英国很重要。对欧洲也很重要，”她说。
She also described Taiwan as "a partner who, despite the ways it is excluded, continues to work to protect economic and political global norms." Bradley-Jones touted new agreements on priorities such as semiconductor skills, AI and clean energy as well. "We have a long-standing policy where maintaining Taiwan as an international issue matters to the U.K. It matters to Europe," she said.
英国是台湾在欧洲的第三大贸易伙伴，而日本是台湾总体上第三大贸易伙伴。
The U.K. is Taiwan's third-largest trading partner in Europe, while Japan is Taiwan's No. 3 overall.
东京经济风险与企业咨询公司龟户集团管理合伙人大卫·帕克表示：“毫无疑问，日本和日本领导人将台湾视为关键的经济安全伙伴。这既反映了双方互补的能力，也反映了各自战略利益和经济安全方针日益趋同。”日本先进半导体制造公司（JASM）在熊本的项目就是台日在战略领域合作日益加深的一个例证。
"There is no question that Japan and Japanese leaders view Taiwan as a critical economic security partner," said David Parker, managing partner at economic risk and corporate advisory firm Kameido Group in Tokyo. "This reflects both complementary capabilities as well as growing alignment in their respective strategic interests and approaches to economic security." The Japan Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (JASM) project in Kumamoto is one example of growing cooperation between Taiwan and Japan in strategic sectors.
帕克表示，日本从台湾进口的最大类别是电子产品，尤其是集成电路，而台湾从日本进口的集成电路数量也很大，此外还包括芯片制造机械、精密化学品和加工材料。“这些主要是中间产品，而且大多是难以制造、认证和替代的复杂产品。从这个意义上说，日本和台湾各自都在支持对方的竞争力和整体经济安全方面发挥着关键作用。”
Japan's largest category of imports from Taiwan is electronics, especially integrated circuits, while Taiwan imports from Japan significant volumes of integrated circuits as well as chipmaking machinery, precision chemicals, and processed materials, Parker said. "These are primarily intermediate goods, and largely sophisticated products that are difficult to make, qualify and substitute. In this sense, Japan and Taiwan are each playing a critical role in supporting the other's competitiveness and overall economic security."
帕克指出，位于熊本县的日本先进半导体制造公司（JASM）项目是战略商业合作的一个例子。该项目是一项由台积电（TSMC）、索尼、电装和丰田牵头、获得政府支持的举措。
Parker pointed to the Japan Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing (JASM) project in Kumamoto -- a government-supported effort led by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. (TSMC), Sony, Denso and Toyota -- as an example of strategic business cooperation.
笹川和平财团的山本强调，“日本-台湾经济伙伴关系不会针对任何特定国家。”
Yamamoto of the Sasakawa Peace Foundation stressed that "a Japan-Taiwan economic partnership would not be directed against any particular country."
“相反，”他说，“它将是构建更具韧性、更加多元化和更安全的印太经济秩序的自然步骤。”
"Rather," he said, "it would be a natural step toward building a more resilient, diversified, and secure economic order in the Indo-Pacific."