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忘掉宜居城市吧——购房者想要的是宜居郊区Forget walkable cities -- homebuyers want walkable suburbs

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约瑟夫·哈贾尔(Joseph Hajjar)和他的妻子曾在各大城市生活多年,在那里他们享受着快节奏的生活方式以及丰富多彩的休闲选择。因此,当他们决定在郊区安家并抚养两个年幼的女儿时,他们有几个不容妥协的条件。现年40岁的哈贾尔对《商业内幕》表示:“我们当时做了一个电子表格,那些满足很多要求的城镇都是具备步行便利性和良好餐饮氛围的地方。我们也在寻找强烈的社区归属感。”

Joseph Hajjar and his wife had spent years living in big cities, where they enjoyed the fast-paced lifestyle and endless options for things to do. So when they decided to settle in the suburbs and raise their two young daughters, they had a few non-negotiables. "We had a spreadsheet going, and the towns that checked a lot of boxes were the ones with walkability and a good restaurant scene," Hajjar, 40, told Business Insider. "We were also looking for a strong sense of community."

他们最终选择了新泽西州萨米特,这是一个距离纽约市约22英里的小型通勤郊区。他们斥资140万美元购买了一栋面积约3500平方英尺的住宅——这比他们在泽西市的两居室公寓大得多。这栋房子甚至还带有一个用来招待客人的楼上阁楼、一个院子和一个花园,这些都是他们在城里只能做梦才有的特色。

They ultimately chose Summit, New Jersey, a small commuter suburb about 22 miles from New York City. They paid $1.4 million for a roughly 3,500-square-foot home — far larger than their two-bedroom condo in Jersey City. It even came with an upstairs attic they use to host guests, a yard, and a garden, features they could only have dreamed of having in the city.

当然,他们的生活成本比住在城里时更高了。但该住宅最大的优势之一是它靠近萨米特的历史悠久市中心,全家人可以步行去商店、咖啡馆和餐厅。它也靠近火车站,哈贾尔的妻子在那里乘坐新泽西捷运去纽约市上班。

Sure, they're paying more than when they were living in the city. But one of the home's biggest perks is its proximity to Summit's historic downtown, where the family can walk to shops, cafés, and restaurants. It is also close to the train station, where Hajjar's wife catches the New Jersey Transit to work in New York City.

哈贾尔说:“我们只想做一次这样的置业,而不是先买一套过渡房。萨米特有很多很棒的东西。市中心就有一个非常棒的基督教青年会(YMCA),所以我可以步行去健身房。我和妻子可以过约会之夜,然后步行进城。”

"We only wanted to do this once, versus buying a starter home," Hajjar said. "Summit has a lot of great stuff. There's a really good YMCA right downtown, so I can walk to the gym.

几十年来,寻房者一直面临着两种截然不同生活方式的选择:要么是拥有丰富的“第三空间”(即家庭和工作场所之外的聚会场所,如咖啡馆和公园)的大型、可步行城市;要么是更加封闭、依赖汽车的郊区。随着美国人越来越重视人际联系与便利性,像哈贾尔这样的购房者对他们的社区提出了更高的要求——相应地,房屋建筑商也在重新构想郊区。

My wife and I can have a date night and walk into town." For decades, people looking for a home have faced a choice between two distinct lifestyles: either large, walkable cities rich in "third places," gathering places outside the home and workplace, like cafés and parks; or the more self-contained, car-dependent suburbs. As Americans place greater value on connection and convenience, home buyers like the Hajjars are asking more of their neighborhoods — and, in turn, homebuilders are reimagining suburbia.

美国全国房地产经纪人协会(NAR)2026年社区与交通偏好调查访问了全美50个最大都市区的2000名成年人,结果发现63%的受访者愿意支付更高的价格,住在步行可达公园、商店和餐厅的地方。当在需要更多驾车的较大地块和步行便利社区的较小地块之间做选择时,59%的人选择了步行便利的选项。新泽西州Serhant公司的豪宅房地产经纪人帕特里克·萨瑟恩告诉《商业内幕》,社区配套设施已成为许多买家的重要决定因素,尤其是“20多岁中后期的千禧一代和Z世代”。

NAR's 2026 Community and Transportation Preference Survey polled 2,000 adults in the nation's 50 largest metro areas and found that 63% of respondents would pay more to live within walking distance of parks, shops, and restaurants. When given the choice between a larger lot that required more driving and a smaller lot in a walkable neighborhood, 59% chose the walkable option. Patrick Southern, a luxury real estate agent with Serhant in New Jersey, told Business Insider that neighborhood amenities have become an important deciding factor for many buyers, particularly "millennials and Gen Zers in their mid to late 20s."

萨瑟恩说:“他们在郊区长大,以前要去什么地方,就被扔进旅行车的后座开车送过去。但大学毕业后,一旦在大城市生活过,他们体验到的生活质量就不想放弃了。我们看到这一点正体现在郊区的年轻买家身上,开发商在规划时也在考虑这一点。”并非每个买家都能在像萨米特这样成熟、步行便利的市中心找到合适的房子。

"They grew up in the suburbs, where if they had to go somewhere, they got thrown in the back of a station wagon and driven there," Southern said. "But after college, once they've lived in big cities, they experience a quality of life they don't want to give up. We're seeing that translate to young buyers in the suburbs, and developers are taking that into account in their planning." Not every buyer can find a suitable home in an established, walkable downtown like Summit's.

一些开发商转而试图在较新的总体规划社区中营造社区感。与通常一块一块建起来的传统社区不同,总体规划社区从一开始就整体设计。它们可以像迷你城市一样运作,边界内设有学校、餐厅和配套设施。虽然没有确切的全国统计数据,但在约翰·伯恩斯研究与咨询公司2025年50强排名中,得克萨斯州和佛罗里达州占了总体规划开发项目的多数。

Some developers are instead trying to build a sense of community into newer, master-planned developments. Unlike traditional communities, which are often built piece by piece, master-planned communities are designed as a whole from the start. They can function like mini-cities, with schools, restaurants, and amenities within their boundaries. While there is no definitive national count, Texas and Florida accounted for a majority of the master-planned developments in John Burns Research and Consulting's 2025 Top 50 ranking.

在得克萨斯州休斯顿郊区密苏里城的西耶纳——一个占地10800英亩的总体规划社区,房主可以选择联排别墅、公寓和传统独栋住宅,价格从25万美元到100多万美元不等。

At Sienna, a 10,800-acre master-planned community in the Houston suburb of Missouri City, Texas, homeowners can choose from townhomes, apartments, and traditional single-family homes priced from $250,000 to more than $1 million.

除了住宅之外,居民还可以使用分布在三个便利设施综合体中的一系列“第三空间”:一个配有社交酒吧、健身中心、舞厅、火坑、游乐场、戏水区和游泳池;另一个配有凉亭和海滩俱乐部;第三个则设有“青少年聚会空间”,内有学习区、棋盘游戏和电子游戏以及一张台球桌。社区内还有一家餐厅和一座湖畔露天剧场。

Beyond their homes, residents also have access to an array of third places spread across three amenity complexes: one with a social bar, fitness center, ballroom, fire pit, playground, splash pad, and pool; another with a pavilion and beach club; and a third with a "tween hangout" featuring study space, board and video games, and a pool table. There is also an on-site restaurant and a lakeside amphitheater.

Sienna副总裁兼总经理阿尔文·圣米格尔对《商业内幕》表示:“如今的购房者寻找的不仅仅是一套房子,他们寻找的是一种生活方式。购房者比以往任何时候都拥有更多选择,而配套设施有助于营造一种地方归属感,使一个社区与众不同。”只有一个问题:拥有丰富第三空间、适宜步行的社区,有时要求购房者得有钱才行。

"Today's homebuyers are looking for more than just a home; they're looking for a lifestyle," Alvin San Miguel, Sienna's vice president and general manager, told Business Insider. "Homebuyers have more choices than ever, and amenities help create the sense of place that sets a community apart." There's just one problem: walkable communities rich in third places sometimes require buyers to be, well, rich.

城市规划师、城市设计与咨询公司Speck Dempsey的合伙人杰夫·斯佩克对《商业内幕》表示,具备这些特征的社区已经变得“价值被高估,而且对大多数人来说往往贵得令人望而却步”。Redfin在2020年对全美16个大都市区和加拿大两个城市近100万套房屋销售情况的分析发现,适宜步行区域的房屋售价比依赖汽车的类似区域房屋高出23.5%,平均高出77,668美元。

Jeff Speck, an urban planner and partner at Speck Dempsey, an urban design and consultancy firm, told Business Insider that neighborhoods with these features have become "overvalued and often prohibitively expensive for most people." A 2020 Redfin analysis of nearly 1 million home sales across 16 US metro areas and two Canadian cities found that homes in walkable areas sold for 23.5% more, or $77,668 on average, than comparable homes in car-dependent areas.

该报告将适宜步行区域定义为步行评分为50或更高的区域——步行评分衡量的是居民步行完成日常事务的便利程度。Redfin首席经济学家达里尔·费尔韦瑟对《商业内幕》表示:“人们愿意为适宜步行、设施丰富的社区支付更高价格,因为这些地方能节省时间、让日常生活更轻松,而且这些地方的房源数量有限。”她补充说:“此外,许多人看重邻里之间能经常碰面的那种社区氛围。”购房者认识到,适宜步行往往是有代价的。

The report defined walkable areas as those with a walk score of 50 or higher — a measure of how easily residents can complete daily errands on foot. "People pay more for walkable, amenity-rich neighborhoods because they save time and make everyday life easier, and there are only so many homes in those places," Redfin Chief Economist Daryl Fairweather told Business Insider. "Plus, many people value the community feel that comes with spots where neighbors run into each other," she added. Homebuyers recognize that walkability often comes at a price.

在全美房地产经纪人协会(NAR)2026年社区与交通偏好调查中,67%的受访者表示,适合步行的社区中的住宅或公寓比依赖汽车的地区的住宅或公寓更贵;31%的受访者表示贵得多。斯佩克说:“人们对‘第三空间’的渴望已经到了临界点。总体而言这不是好消息,但至少它帮助说服了聪明的房地产开发商重新建设混合用途社区。”

In NAR’s 2026 Community and Transportation Preference Survey, 67% of respondents said homes or apartments in walkable neighborhoods were more expensive than those in car-dependent areas; 31% said they were much more expensive. "People's longing for third places has reached a breaking point," Speck said. "This is not good news overall, but at least it has helped convince smart real estate developers to build mixed-use neighborhoods again."

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