爱立信正在将无人机探测功能引入移动网络，通过分析无线电信号反射来识别和跟踪低空物体。这家电信基础设施制造商表示，其集成传感与通信（ISAC）技术为现有移动网络增加了探测能力，填补了在跟踪无人机等低空快速移动物体方面的安全空白。经过过去几个月的测试，爱立信表示将分阶段将该技术推向商用。
Ericsson is bringing drone detection to mobile networks, analyzing radio signal reflections to identify and track low-altitude objects. The telecoms infrastructure maker says its Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) tech adds detection to existing mobile networks, closing a security gap in tracking low-flying, fast-moving objects such as drones. Following tests over the past few months, Ericsson says it will introduce the tech commercially in phases.
2027年将开始与选定客户进行小规模、仅含传感功能的试点，随后从2028年起进行更广泛的部署。CCS Insight研究总监伊恩·福格在接受采访时表示：“虽然传感技术还可以用于其他用途——比如跟踪港口中的船只、交通流量模式或天气状况——但（民用区域的）无人机探测是最迫切的需求，而且很难用其他技术轻松解决。”
Small-scale, sensing-only pilots with selected customers will start in 2027, followed by broader deployments from 2028. CCS Insight research director Ian Fogg, said told The: "While sensing can be used for other things — like tracking boats in a port, traffic patterns or weather conditions — drone detection [in civilian areas] is the most pressing need which cannot easily be solved using other technologies.
“移动网络作为无人机探测解决方案很有用，因为其天线已经覆盖了低仰角区域，接近无人机经常飞行的地面高度，这与传统雷达不同。”福格补充说，尽管可以使用5G网络进行传感，但基于标准的6G方法可以通过让不同供应商的基站“互操作”来提高精度，同时配合多种客户端设备，在“困难环境中跟踪最小、最快的无人机”。
"Mobile networks are useful as drone detection solutions because their antennas are already covering low elevations, close to ground level where drones often fly, unlike traditional radar." Although it is possible to use 5G networks for sensing, a standards-based 6G method could improve precision by letting different suppliers' base stations "interoperate", alongside a mix of client devices, tracking the "smallest and fastest moving drones in difficult environments," Fogg added.
他说：“预计随6G到来的新频谱也将使在宽信道上部署传感变得更加容易，从而进一步提高探测精度。”小型低成本无人机已成为一种持续存在的威胁，或者至少是一种滋扰，因安全顾虑导致机场关闭——最近一起事件发生在万圣节周末期间的泽西机场。军事基地和其他敏感地点附近的无人机活动也在增加。专门的传感器系统已被部署用于覆盖敏感地点，而在英国，军事人员现在已被授权击落任何不受欢迎的飞行入侵者。
"The new spectrum that should arrive with 6G will also make it easier to deploy sensing on wide channels which further improves detection accuracy," he said. Small, low-cost drones have emerged as a persistent threat, or at the very least a nuisance, closing down airports due to safety concerns - the latest incident was at Jersey Airport over the Halloween weekend. Drone activity has also been on the increase near to military bases and other sensitive sites. Dedicated sensor systems were deployed to cover sensitive sites, and in the UK, military personnel have now been granted the authority to neutralize any unwanted flying intruders.
然而，爱立信表示，在更大范围内扩展检测面临更多挑战。ISAC将移动网络基础设施转变为分布式传感器阵列。利用具备感知功能的5G无线电、边缘计算和信号处理，基站部署可以在覆盖区域内检测物体并追踪其移动，以补充而非替代雷达和其他传感器。爱立信称，该技术通过多个基站无线电站点提供多个视角来工作。
Scaling detection across larger areas, however, is more challenging, Ericsson said. ISAC transforms mobile network infrastructure into a distributed sensor array. Using sensing-enabled 5G radios, edge computing and signal processing, a cell deployment can detect objects and track them across the coverage area, complementing radar and other sensors rather than replacing them. Ericsson says the tech works by having multiple perspectives from a number of cell tower radio sites.
当其中一个站点发射信号，信号会从无人机上反射，并被多个接收站点接收。随后，网络分析反射信号以定位无人机并追踪其行踪。爱立信表示，ISAC需要具备感知功能的无线电硬件、专用计算资源和软件。这些无线电必须满足特定的大规模MIMO（多入多出）天线和频谱要求。AT&T在德克萨斯州阿灵顿的试验中以及与芬兰国有特殊目的公司Erillisverkot（负责芬兰国家关键通信）合作中测试了ISAC。
When one transmits a signal, it reflects off the drone and is picked up by multiple receiving sites. The network then analyses the reflected signals to locate the drone and track it. ISAC requires sensing-capable radio hardware, dedicated compute resources, and software, says Ericsson. The radios have to meet specific Massive MIMO (multiple-in, multiple-out) antenna and spectrum requirements. AT&T tested ISAC at trials in Arlington, Texas, and with Erillisverkot, a state-owned special purpose company responsible for national critical communications in Finland.
爱立信称，在两种情况下，该技术均证明能够检测多架无人机并追踪其移动。据称，ISAC的数据可以通过标准化接口安全地共享给授权的外部系统，包括安全系统和指挥控制系统。®
In both cases, the tech demonstrated it was able to detect multiple drones and track their movements, according to Ericsson. Data from ISAC - we're told - can be securely shared through standardized interfaces with authorized external systems, including security and command and control systems. ®