1946年11月3日颁布的日本宪法原签署本 | 共同社 共同社 2026年11月3日 日本周二迎来宪法颁布80周年，关于最高法是否应修改以增设紧急事态条款、在大规模灾害发生时暂时扩大政府权限的争论仍在持续。
The original signed copy of the Constitution, promulgated on Nov. 3, 1946 | JIJI Jiji Nov 3, 2026 While Japan on Tuesday marked 80 years since the promulgation of its Constitution, debate continues over whether the supreme law should be revised to include an emergency clause that temporarily expands the government’s authority during large-scale disasters.
部分专家主张，为确保对灾害做出迅速初动应对——例如可能直击东京都心的强震，或太平洋中西部海域南海海槽发生的地震——有必要设立该条款。也有担忧声音指出，这可能导致权力集中。
Some experts argue that such a clause is necessary for ensuring swift initial responses to disasters — such as a possible powerful earthquake striking directly beneath the Tokyo metropolitan area, or in the Nankai Trough in the Pacific off central and western Japan. Others are concerned, saying that it could lead to a concentration of authority.
关西大学教授、大型自然灾害专家川田义明表示，“仅靠现行法律在某些情况下可能不足以应对”，因为大规模灾害需要涉及多个机关和省厅的应对。
Yoshiaki Kawata, a Kansai University professor specializing in major natural disasters, said that “existing laws alone may not be sufficient in certain cases” because large-scale disasters would require responses involving multiple agencies and ministries.