Linux 能做很多事，但外观并不总是它的强项。苹果在这方面的声誉要好得多，一批新项目正将 Mac 风格的精致带到开源桌面。有些是全新的，比如阿根廷的 Lord OS，它在 Debian 之上构建了一个全新的 GUI 桌面。另一个 Cutefish 是一个 ChatGPT 问世前的项目的复活，该项目从未走到完整发布的阶段。现在它已为 x86-64 和 Arm64 提供了 1.0 版本，还在通过一个名为 Reef 的进行中的兼容层致力于 Mac 二进制兼容。
Linux can do many things, but good looks aren't always its strong point. Apple has rather more of a reputation in that department, and a crop of new projects is bringing Mac-style polish to the open source desktop. Some are all-new, such as the Argentinian Lord OS, a whole new GUI desktop on top of Debian. Another, Cutefish, is a revival of a pre-ChatGPT project that never got as far as a complete release. Now it has version 1.0 for both x86-64 and Arm64, plus it's working on Mac binary compatibility via a work-in-progress layer called Reef.
乌克兰的 Desert OS 已经到了 5.5 版本 —— 在这群项目中几乎算得上资深长者，尽管它看起来只出现了一年左右。与此同时，ClokeOS 使用 Xfce 作为桌面，但底层系统基于苹果的开源 XNU 内核。项目负责人计划提供多种二进制兼容：Linux 应用，加上通过 Darling 运行的 Mac 应用，以及通过 Wine 运行的 Windows 应用。
Ukrainian Desert OS is already at version 5.5 – practically a venerable elder in this company, despite appearing to be only about a year old. Meanwhile, ClokeOS uses Xfce for its desktop, but underneath, the OS is based on Apple's FOSS XNU kernel. The project lead plans to offer compatibility with multiple types of binaries: Linux apps, plus Mac apps via Darling, and Windows apps via Wine.
这并非新鲜事。正如 Cutefish 被复活一样，去年我们曾报道过 PearOS Linux，它在 KDE Plasma 上披了一层极像 Mac 的皮肤。它已为雄心勃勃的未来功能预留了接口，例如 Siri 风格的语音识别。引人注目的是涌现的项目数量及其开发速度。有些同时提供 x86-64 和 Arm64 构建版，某些情况下还有树莓派版本。对人类程序员来说，这意味着数月的艰苦工作，但如果只是在 LLM 开发工具里多勾一个选项，那为什么不呢？
This isn't new. Much as Cutefish has been revived, last year we reported on PearOS Linux, a very Mac-like skin on KDE Plasma. It has hooks in place for ambitious future features, such as Siri-style speech recognition. What's striking is the number of projects appearing and the pace of their development. Some offer both x86-64 and Arm64 builds, with Raspberry Pi editions in certain cases. For human coders, this would be months of hard work, but if it's just checking an additional box in an LLM development tool, then why wouldn't you?
这几乎不增加额外工作量，却能扩大潜在受众。渴望 Mac 般的美观外表是 Linux 用户由来已久的愿望，且理由正当。即使你主要是自由开源软件用户，Mac 也没什么不好。
It's almost no extra work, but it widens the potential audience. Coveting Mac-like good looks is a longstanding urge among Linux users, and with legitimate reason. There's nothing wrong with Macs, even if you are mainly a FOSS user.
现代 macOS（十年前称为 OS X）在其光鲜的专有桌面之下是一个 Unix 系统，许多旗舰级 Linux 自由开源软件（FOSS）应用也都有 Mac 版本，从 Firefox 和 Thunderbird，到 LibreOffice、VirtualBox，再到一些不太知名但非常实用的应用，如 Ferdium 和 Panwriter。我们之前曾撰文介绍过在 macOS 上使用 FOSS 应用的实用性，包括用于让老旧 Mac 重获新生。
Modern macOS, or OS X as it was called a decade ago, is a Unix underneath its shiny proprietary desktop, and many of the flagship Linux FOSS apps also have Mac versions, from Firefox and Thunderbird, via LibreOffice, to VirtualBox, plus less well-known but very handy apps such as Ferdium and Panwriter. We've written about the usefulness of FOSS apps on macOS before, including for reviving elderly Macs.
就在几个月前，我们发布了一个分两部分的指南，介绍如何让 Xfce 拥有类 macOS 的布局，以及如何调整它以便应用能更好地融入。我们关注的是功能性，而非外观——我们并不太在意这类东西。如果这对你很重要，你并不孤单，有许多主题和皮肤可以让 Xfce 看起来更漂亮。其中一些是一体化包，可安装在现有发行版上以赋予其新外观。
Just a couple of months ago, we published a two-part guide on how to give Xfce a macOS-like layout and then how to tweak it so apps fit in better. We focused on the functionality, though, not the looks – we don't really care much for such things. If it does matter to you, though, you're not alone, and there are lots of themes and skins to make Xfce look prettier. Some of these are all-in-one packages that you can install on an existing distro to give it a new look.
一个最近的例子是 Cupertino，它是在 Claude 协助下开发的。几年前的有 Small Sur 和 Ventura-Xfce。九年前，远在大语言模型（LLM）出现之前，就有 osXFCE。我们能理解其吸引力。从 2006 年到 2020 年，Mac 使用 Intel x86 处理器，这些机器现在都已脱离 Apple 官方支持范围——去年的 macOS 26 “Tahoe” 仅支持四款 Intel 型号，而对该系统的支持刚刚开始触及 OpenCore Legacy Patcher。
One recent example is Cupertino, developed with assistance from Claude. From a few years ago, there are Small Sur and Ventura-Xfce. From nine years ago, long pre-LLM, there is osXFCE. We can see the appeal. From 2006 to 2020, Macs used Intel x86 processors, and those machines are now all falling off the end of Apple support – only four Intel models supported last year's macOS 26 "Tahoe," support for which is just starting to reach OpenCore Legacy Patcher.
今年早些时候，《注册报》FOSS 编辑部使用 OCLP 2.5.1 将其 11 年前的 iMac 升级到了 macOS 15 “Sequoia”。首个实验性 OCLP 3.0 版本于上个月发布，现已更新至 3.0-rc5。这增加了对 macOS 26 的支持，后者是 Apple 面向 Intel Mac 发布的最后一个 macOS 大版本。这为自制黑苹果和靠非官方补丁维持运行的老旧 Mac 的未来 macOS 升级设定了上限。
Earlier this year, The Reg FOSS desk upgraded his 11-year-old iMac to macOS 15 "Sequoia" with OCLP 2.5.1. The first experimental OCLP 3.0 release appeared last month, and it's now up to 3.0-rc5. This adds support for macOS 26, Apple's final major macOS release for Intel Macs. That puts a ceiling on future macOS upgrades for both home-built Hackintoshes and older Macs kept going with unofficial patches.
我们使用其 OVA 虚拟机镜像简略试用了 LordOS。它安装并启动毫无问题，外观令人印象深刻。上个月，我们撰文介绍了 ZacOS-9 和 Mavernix，同样，我们在虚拟机中对 ZacOS-9 进行了非常快速的试用。
We gave LordOS a brief spin using its OVA virtual machine image. It installed and booted without trouble, and looks impressive. Last month, we wrote about ZacOS-9 and Mavernix, and similarly, we gave ZacOS-9 a very quick spin in a VM.
与我们最近对 ZacOS-9 的体验之相似，远不止表面。在两者中，我们都发现键盘 UI 基本缺失：标准按键操作无法工作。在 LordOS 中，我们发现一些菜单选项以一种不像 Mac 的方式在两处重复出现，例如“关于”选项同时出现在应用菜单和帮助菜单中。LordOS 的 GitHub 仓库未注明任何 LLM 助手参与，但它在三周内已发布了九个测试版。
The resemblance to our recent experience with ZacOS-9 went beyond appearances. In both, we found that the keyboard UI is largely missing: standard keystrokes didn't work. In LordOS, we found some menu options duplicated in two places in an un-Mac-like way, such as "About" options in both the app menu and the Help menu. The LordOS GitHub repository does not credit any LLM assistants, but it's gone though nine test releases in three weeks.
x86 Mac 不可避免的生命周期结束，正推动人们对 FOSS 操作系统产生新的兴趣。它们既能为真正的 Mac 提供延寿方案，又能为现有的 FOSS 操作系统带来极具吸引力的类 Mac 精致体验。加上 LLM 编程助手提供的快速、便捷的代码生成能力，我们认为这类项目将会大量涌现。2025 年，我们看到一个类 macOS 的 Linux 项目重启。
The inevitable end of life of x86 Macs is driving fresh interest in FOSS OSes. They offer a life extension for genuine Macs as well as the enticing prospect of Mac-like polish for existing FOSS OSes. Combine that with the fast, easy code generation offered by LLM coding assistants, and we think there's going to be a lot more of this. In 2025, we saw one macOS-like Linux project rebooted.
10 月，我们看到两个新项目。11 月，我们又发现了四个。我们感觉这些只是即将到来的洪流的最初涓涓细流。®
This October, we saw two new ones. In November, we've found four more. We have a feeling that these are just the first trickles of what may soon become a flood. ®