根据政府提案，英格兰和威尔士部分求职者将不再需要申报其未成年时获得的刑事定罪，旨在改善已改造年轻人的就业前景。
Some job applicants in England and Wales would no longer need to declare criminal convictions they received as children under government proposals designed to improve the employment prospects of rehabilitated young people.
这些变化意味着，当事人未满18岁时被拘留留下的犯罪记录，将不再在雇主进行的背景调查中终身显示。
The changes would mean criminal records for people detained when they were under 18 years old would no longer show up for life during checks carried out by employers.
司法部还就放宽对儿童实施的某些特定毒品相关犯罪和暴力犯罪的披露要求启动了咨询。
The Ministry of Justice has also launched a consultation on relaxing disclosure requirements for some specific drug-related and violent crimes committed by children.
政府表示，未在成年后再次犯罪的年轻人，因过去的行为而难以找到工作。
Young people who have not re-offended as adults struggle to find work because of their past behaviour, the government says.
许多雇主要求求职者接受背景调查，其最基本的形式要求人们自我申报是否有犯罪记录。
Many employers require applicants to undergo a background check, which in their most basic form require people to self-declare if they have a criminal record.
对于更敏感的职位，例如与儿童共事或加入警队，雇主可以进行标准或加强版背景调查，这允许他们向禁止就业背景审查局（DBS）请求信息。
For more sensitive roles, such as working with children or joining the police, an employer can carry out a standard or enhanced check, which allows them to request information from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS).
犯罪记录必须主动申报的时长，或将在上述调查中显示的时长，取决于犯罪的严重程度、所受处罚以及犯罪距今多久——有时称为定罪是否已“过期”。
How long a criminal record must be volunteered for or will show up in those checks differs depending on the severity of the offence, the punishment received and how long ago the crime was committed - sometimes referred to as whether a conviction is 'spent'.
例如，一名年轻人在未满18岁时因犯罪被定罪并处以罚款，该信息将在背景调查中显示五年半。如果被判处监禁刑罚，将终身披露。
For example, a young person who was convicted and fined for an offence when they were under-18 will have that information show up in checks for five-and-a-half years. If they were given a custodial sentence, that will be disclosed for the rest of their lives.
政府希望减少这些披露规则适用的年轻人数量，前提是申请人成年后未继续犯罪。
The government wants to reduce the number of young people those disclosure rules apply to if an applicant has not continued to offend as an adult.
如果由成年人实施，五项罪行将从终身在背景调查中显示的罪行清单中移除。它们分别是：斗殴、暴力骚乱、向儿童供应管制药物、抢劫和造成实际身体伤害的袭击。
Five offences would be removed from a list of crimes which will show up in background for checks for life if committed by an adult. They are: affray, violent disorder, supplying a controlled drug to a child, robbery and assaults occasioning actual bodily harm.
根据司法部数据，2022年3月至2026年3月期间，约有8500名未满18岁的人因这些罪行被定罪。
Between March 2022 and March 2026, around 8,500 under-18s were convicted of those offences, according to Ministry of Justice data.
政府表示，这类犯罪往往是同伴压力、剥削以及仍在发育中的个体“青春期冲动”所致，而非更广泛的犯罪和暴力倾向。根据新规则，这些记录将在五年半后不再出现在背景调查中。
The government says that type of crime is often a result of peer pressure, exploitation and "adolescent impulsivity" by individuals who are still developing, as opposed to a broader propensity for crime and violence. Under the new rules, they would cease to show up in checks after five-and-a-half years.
对于导致拘留期不足两年的罪行——这是青年法院可判处的最长刑期——终身披露要求也将取消，改为新的11年披露期。
Lifelong disclosure would also be removed for offences which led to a detention period of less than two years, the maximum which can be handed out by a youth court, and replaced by a new 11-year disclosure period.
在儿童被判处两年以上刑期的情况下——只有当犯罪严重程度导致其由成人皇家法院审理时才可能发生——规则将保持不变。
In cases where a child was given a sentence longer than two years - which can only happen if the severity of the crime meant they were dealt with by an adult crown court - the rules would stay the same.
最严重的罪行——包括严重暴力、恐怖主义相关犯罪和性犯罪——将豁免于改革之外。其他拟议变更包括：缩短或完全取消因罚金刑罪行而产生的披露期，此类罪行大多为驾驶相关犯罪 终止对通过庭外解决方式处理的罪行的披露，此类方式主要用于应对持刀和袭击 改革对于在童年时期犯下多宗罪行的年轻人，其早期罪行在背景调查中出现的时长 宣布就提案展开咨询时，司法大臣杰克·理查兹表示：“许多犯罪的年轻人不会继续走上犯罪道路。“他们承担责任，扭转人生，并希望有所作为。
The most serious offences - including severe violence, terrorism-related crimes and sexual offences - would be exempted from the reforms. Other proposed changes include: Cutting or removing altogether the disclosure period for offences which led to a fine, the majority of which are for driving-related crimes Ending disclosure of offences which were dealt with via an out of court resolution, which have primarily been used to tackle knife possession and assault Reforming how long earlier offences appear in checks for young people who committed more than one crime as a child Announcing a consultation on proposals, justice minister Jake Richards said: "Many young people who offend do not go on to lead lives of crime.
“当他们做到这一点时，我们应当认可这种进步并给予支持——而不是在他们的道路上设置不必要的障碍。” 这些提案出台之际，政府正准备发布一份备受期待的报告，该报告由前工党部长艾伦·米尔本撰写，旨在解决不在工作或教育状态下的年轻人数量问题。
"They take responsibility, turn their lives around and want to make something of themselves. "When they do, we should recognise that progress and support them – not put unnecessary barriers in their way." The proposals come as the government prepares to publish a long-awaited report authored by former Labour minister Alan Milburn on tackling the number of young people not in work or education.
5月，他曾警告称，英国面临培养出一代“迷失的一代”的风险，因为近八分之一的年轻人既不工作也不学习。
In May, he warned the UK was at risk of a raising a "lost generation" as almost one in eight young people are not working or studying.
理查兹在宣布信息披露改革时提到了那次干预，他表示，对于在儿童时期犯罪的人来说，就业障碍可能“特别难以克服”。
Richards pointed to that intervention as he announced the disclosure reforms, saying barriers to employment can be "particularly difficult to overcome" for people who committed crimes as children.