布尼亚，刚果（金）—— 刚果（金）宣布爆发埃博拉疫情已过去六个月，疫情仍处于失控状态，遏制工作陷入停滞。
BUNIA, Congo — Six months after an Ebola outbreak was declared in Congo, the disease remains out of control and efforts to contain it are faltering.
根据政府数据，已记录病例超过 1.1 万例，感染者死亡率接近一半。这是刚果（金）历史上 17 次疫情中最致命的一次，有望超过 2014 年至 2016 年西非疫情造成的 1.1 万例死亡人数。
More than 11,000 cases have been recorded, and nearly half of those infected have died, according to government data. It is the deadliest of Congo’s 17 outbreaks and is on track to surpass the death toll from the West African outbreak that killed 11,000 people between 2014 and 2016.
基本遏制措施（包括接触者追踪和隔离）仍显不足，引发外界对当局遏制疫情能力的质疑。专家表示，在未来一年内将疫情控制住的可能性微乎其微。
Basic containment measures, including contact tracing and isolation, remain inadequate, raising doubts about authorities’ ability to halt the outbreak . Experts say there is little chance of bringing it under control within the next year.
疫情于 5 月中旬正式宣布时，已记录 43 例死亡，表明病毒此前已在未被察觉的情况下传播了相当长一段时间。此后疫情已蔓延至该国 26 个省份中的 8 个，传播速度被援助组织比作野火燎原。新的疫情热点不断出现，令本已紧张的医疗系统雪上加霜。
By the time the outbreak was announced in mid-May, 43 deaths had already been recorded, suggesting the virus had circulated undetected for an extended period. It has since spread to eight of the country’s 26 provinces, moving at a pace aid groups have likened to wildfire. New hotspots continue to emerge, stretching an already strained health care system.
社区传播依然高企。根据非洲疾病预防控制中心数据，80% 的新增病例是在卫生监测体系之外被发现的，意味着大多数感染未被当局追踪。
Community transmission remains high. According to the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 80% of new cases are being detected outside health surveillance, meaning most infections have not been tracked by authorities.
三分之一的死亡发生在家中或社区其他场所，葬礼及其他相关程序往往在缺乏专业人员监督的情况下进行，增加了传播风险。
One-third of deaths occur at home or elsewhere in the community, where burials and other procedures are often conducted without specialist supervision, increasing the risk of transmission.
医护人员因薪资拖欠数月而多次罢工，有时导致确诊患者得不到治疗。
Health workers have repeatedly gone on strike over pay that is months overdue, sometimes leaving patients with confirmed infections without treatment.
援助组织也对应对疫情的管理方式提出质疑。上个月，非洲疾控中心对超过 7 亿美元埃博拉援助资金去向不明表示关切。
Aid groups have also questioned how the response is being managed. Last month, the Africa CDC raised concerns about more than $700 million in Ebola aid that remains unaccounted for.
“为应对疫情而调动的大量资源与实际送达患者、一线工作人员和社区的资源之间，仍存在令人担忧的脱节，”人道主义组织无国界医生（以其法语缩写 MSF 称呼）表示。
“A troubling disconnect between the considerable resources mobilised for the response and what is actually reaching patients, frontline workers, and communities continues,” said the humanitarian organization Doctors Without Borders, known by its French acronym MSF.
专家称，儿童对埃博拉病毒特别脆弱，尤其是患有营养不良等基础疾病的儿童。
Children are particularly vulnerable to Ebola, especially those with preexisting conditions such as malnutrition, experts say.
大多数受病毒感染的儿童未能获得专门治疗，导致死亡率居高不下。
Most children affected by the disease have not received specialized care, contributing to high death rates.
根据联合国儿童基金会的数据，截至 11 月 4 日记录的死亡病例中，儿童占 35%。5 岁以下儿童占所有死亡病例的 21%，该年龄组受感染儿童中近 72% 已死亡。
According to UNICEF, children accounted for 35% of deaths recorded through Nov. 4. Children under 5 accounted for 21% of all deaths, and nearly 72% of infected children in that age group have died.
由于埃博拉预防和遏制措施与社会文化习俗发生冲突，医护人员面临艰难的工作条件。
Health workers face difficult conditions as Ebola prevention and containment measures clash with social and cultural practices.
自疫情爆发以来，医护人员遭到袭击，部分袭击导致死亡，这增加了在本已动荡地区工作的危险。医疗设施也遭到袭击。
Since the outbreak began, health workers have been attacked , some fatally, adding to the dangers of working in an already volatile region. Health facilities have also come under attack.
疫情主要集中在刚果（金）东部，特别是伊图里省和北基伍省，当地社区同时面临疫情和武装冲突。
The outbreak has been concentrated in eastern Congo, particularly Ituri and North Kivu, where communities face both the epidemic and armed conflict.
政府军与数百个反叛武装（包括卢旺达支持的“3·23 运动”）之间的战斗，早已造成全球最严重的人道主义危机之一。与“伊斯兰国”有关联的反叛武装“盟军民主力量”也袭击平民。
Fighting between government forces and hundreds of rebel groups, including the Rwanda-backed M23, had already helped create one of the world’s most severe humanitarian crises. The Allied Democratic Forces, an Islamic State-affiliated rebel group, also attacks civilians.
病毒的快速传播引发了在非洲大陆更广泛扩散的担忧。尼日利亚、肯尼亚和乌干达已确诊病例，使这成为有记录以来地理分布最广的埃博拉疫情。更多关于非洲和发展的内容：
The virus’s rapid spread has raised fears of wider transmission across Africa. Nigeria , Kenya and Uganda have confirmed cases, making this the most geographically widespread Ebola outbreak on record. For more on Africa and development: