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美国考虑在联合国对古巴旅行实施新限制,哈瓦那谴责特朗普的经济施压

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法尔努什·阿米里(Farnoosh Amir)/马修·李(Matthew Lee)/联合国报道:特朗普政府正在考虑对前往联合国的古巴官员实施新的限制措施,这是进一步施压哈瓦那政府的举措。周四,古巴最高外交官指责美国通过不断加紧的制裁措施对古巴人民实施集体惩罚。

UNITED NATIONS — The Trump administration was considering imposing new restrictions on Cuban officials who travel to the United Nations, another step to squeeze the government in Havana as its top diplomat accused the United States on Thursday of unleashing collective punishment on Cuba’s people with its intensifying measures.

尽管本周已有大量古巴代表团获准参加联合国大会,但美国国务院仍在考虑对那些计划下个月返回联合国、参与有关美国对古巴实施长达数十年的经济封锁的年度投票的官员实施“严格管控”。这一消息来自美国官员以及美联社获得的一份内部文件。这些官员要求匿名发言,因为相关限制措施的具体内容尚未最终确定。

Even as a sizable Cuban delegation was approved to come to the U.N. General Assembly this week, the State Department is now weighing “strict controls” on the officials who plan to return next month for an annual U.N. vote on the decadeslong U.S. economic embargo on Cuba That is according to U.S. officials and an internal document obtained by The Associated Press. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because a decision on the details of what the restrictions will entail has not yet been finalized.

就在这些限制措施即将实施的背景下,古巴外交部长布鲁诺·罗德里格斯(Bruno Rodríguez)对哈瓦那与华盛顿之间的谈判“缺乏进展”表示遗憾,并强烈谴责特朗普政府于1月份对古巴实施的石油封锁。

Potential plans to further restrict officials in New York for diplomatic work come as Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodríguez bemoaned the “lack of progress” in negotiations between Havana and Washington. He also blasted the oil blockade that the Trump administration imposed on the Caribbean island nation in January.

罗德里格斯在联合国大会期间接受美联社采访时用西班牙语表示:“当前古巴与美国关系的现状,是由美国对古巴实施的经济和金融封锁以及全面的石油封锁所决定的;这种封锁实际上等同于一种海上封锁。”

“What defines the present status of the Cuba-U.S. relations is the brutal tightening of the economic and financial blockade and the total oil siege imposed on our country, which is equivalent to a naval blockade,” Rodríguez said in Spanish during an AP interview on the sidelines of the annual U.N. General Assembly gathering of world leaders.

他的评论是通过翻译人员传达的,这些评论是在唐纳德·特朗普总统周二在联合国发表的广泛讲话之后作出的。在讲话中,特朗普再次将古巴称为“失败的国家”,并表示“希望看到古巴局势的根本性改变”。特朗普政府一直试图通过切断对古巴的燃料供应来迫使古巴进行政治改革,这导致了大规模的停电,严重影响了人们的日常生活(如烹饪、供水以及互联网和电话服务)。

His comments, made through a translator, follow President Donald Trump’s wide-ranging U.N. address Tuesday, when he again called Cuba a “failed state” and said he was “seeking a fundamental ⁠change in the situation in Cuba.” His administration has been trying to force changes to Cuba’s political system by cutting off fuel to the island, leading to massive power outages that affect basic activities such as cooking, water supply, and internet and telephone service. “Communism will never be coming to America, but freedom will be coming to Cuba,” Trump said at the U.N.

“共产主义永远不会来到美国,但自由将会来到古巴,”特朗普在联合国会议上说道。

US-Cuba negotiations once again reach an impasse Rodríguez, who has served as foreign minister since 2009, said that while no meetings now are scheduled with U.S. officials, “Cuba remains willing to keep these channel of contacts open.”

自2009年以来一直担任外交部长职务的罗德里格斯表示,虽然目前没有与美国官员的会面安排,但“古巴仍愿意保持这种沟通渠道的开放”。他拒绝透露上一次会谈的具体时间,同时指出虽然过去的对话是“互相尊重的”,但美国官员此后发布的公开声明和政策决定却“极具攻击性”。自美国在今年年初开始对古巴实施能源封锁以来,古巴的电网已经至少崩溃过六次,导致数百万人失去了电力供应。这些限制措施阻碍了古巴进口用于运营热电厂所需的燃料,也阻碍了古巴进口用于维护基础设施的零部件(许多基础设施设备已经过时)。

He refused to say when the last talks took place, noting that while past conversations have been “respectful,” the public statements and policy decisions made by U.S. officials afterward have been “extremely aggressive.” Millions of people have lost access to electricity as Cuba’s power grid has collapsed at least six times since the U.S. energy blockade began at the start of the year. The restrictions prevent Cuba from importing fuel needed to operate its thermoelectric power plants or replacement parts to maintain infrastructure that in many cases has become obsolete. Other U.S. measures have included imposing more economic penalties on industries in the already heavily sanctioned country and broadening enforcement of laws that bar Americans who visit the island from dealings with government-owned or -affiliated businesses.

美国还采取了一系列其他措施,包括对古巴已经受到严厉制裁的经济领域施加更多经济处罚,并扩大了相关法律的执行范围——这些法律禁止美国人与该国的国有企业或与其有关联的企业进行交易。

“These measures hamper some processes that could lead to discussion of things in the common interests of both nations,” Rodríguez said.

“这些措施阻碍了一些本可以促进两国共同利益对话的进程,”罗德里格斯说道。

Havana has recently integrated historic economic reforms, opening up the island to the private sector. Officials, including Rodríguez, have said these are not concessions to the U.S., but they are moving in the direction the Trump administration wants.

哈瓦那最近实施了历史性的经济改革,向私营部门开放了市场。包括罗德里格斯在内的官员们表示,这些改革并非对美国的让步,而是朝着特朗普政府所期望的方向迈出的一步。

Cuban delegation could face new obstacles to visit United Nations Rodríguez and other members of his government are planning to return to New York next month for the annual U.N. General Assembly vote on the U.S. economic embargo against Cuba — a vote that has historically condemned American policy toward the island by overwhelming margins.

罗德里格斯及其政府其他成员计划下月重返纽约,出席联合国大会关于美国对古巴经济封锁的年度投票——这一投票历来以压倒性多数谴责美国对该岛的政策。

Cuban delegation could face new obstacles to visit United Nations Rodríguez and other members of his government are planning to return to New York next month for the annual U.N. General Assembly vote on the U.S. economic embargo against Cuba — a vote that has historically condemned American policy toward the island by overwhelming margins.

由于美国将古巴列为“支持恐怖主义国家”,古巴官员在纽约和华盛顿已面临严厉限制,其行动范围仅限于曼哈顿联合国总部25英里半径内。

Cuban officials already face heavy restrictions in New York and Washington due to their U.S. designation as a state sponsor of terrorism, with travel and commuting limited to a 25-mile radius of the U.N. headquarters in Manhattan.

但任何新的美国旅行限制都可能使古巴官员更难或无法出席该投票,该投票已持续了三十多年。

But any new U.S. travel restrictions could make it more difficult or impossible for Cuban officials to attend the vote, which has been taking place for more than three decades.

去年,阿根廷、乌克兰和匈牙利等国——均与特朗普政府关系密切——拒绝了古巴支持的提案,缓和了华盛顿在这一问题上的孤立局面,尽管围绕美国在该地区军事行动的摩擦日益加剧。虽然大会决议不具法律约束力,但它们反映了世界舆论。

Last year, Washington’s isolation on the issue was softened as countries like Argentina, Ukraine and Hungary — all closely allied with the Trump administration — rejected the Cuban-backed effort even as friction has grown in the region around American military actions there While General Assembly resolutions are not legally binding, they reflect world opinion.

罗德里格斯去年告诉美联社,美国发起了一场施压运动以影响投票。他当时表示,古巴方面从其他国家(主要是欧洲国家)获悉,国务院正鼓励它们投反对票。

Rodríguez told the AP last year that the U.S. had mounted a pressure campaign to influence the vote. He said then that Havana had heard from other countries, mainly in Europe, that the State Department was encouraging them to vote against the resolution.

作为回应,国务院发言人去年表示:“古巴政权不配获得美国民主盟友的支持。”

In response, a State Department spokesperson said last year that “the Cuban regime does not deserve the backing of America’s democratic allies.”