美国总统唐纳德·特朗普的和平委员会在联合国大会期间举行的一场会议上,公布了一项总额达24.5亿美元(约合18.5亿英镑)的加沙复苏计划。
US President Donald Trump's Board of Peace has announced a $2.45bn (£1.85bn) Gaza recovery plan at a meeting on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly.
这笔资金将在六个月内分发用于66个项目,主要针对住房、柴油发电和垃圾清理等需求。
The funding will be spread across 66 programmes over six months, and directed at housing, diesel generation and waste removal, among other needs.
但该委员会承认,仍需要巨额捐款,目前承诺的资金为180亿美元,但迄今实际到账仅为2.85亿美元。据估计,未来十年全面恢复和重建需要约71亿美元。
But the board admitted substantial donations were still needed, with $18bn pledged but only $280m handed over so far. It estimates full recovery and reconstruction will require about $71bn over the next decade.
该委员会也未设定加沙重建的启动日期。在以色列和哈马斯达成停火协议近一年后,特朗普旨在结束战争的计划大体上陷入了停滞。哈马斯的解除武装一直是一个关键的争议焦点。
The board also did not set out a date for the start of reconstruction in Gaza, where Trump's plan to end the war has largely stalled almost a year after Israel and Hamas agreed a ceasefire. The disarmament of Hamas has been a key sticking point.
该巴勒斯坦组织同意交出武器,以换取以色列分阶段从目前占领的60%的加沙领土上撤军。但以色列坚称,在撤军之前,哈马斯必须完全解除武装。
The Palestinian group has agreed to give up its weapons in exchange for a phased Israeli troop withdrawal from the 60% of Gaza currently occupied. But Israel has insisted that it must fully disarm before any pullout.
在僵局之下,加沙的暴力冲突仍在继续,以色列几乎每天都发动空袭,生活在那里的210万民众的生存条件依然极其恶劣。
Violence has also continued in Gaza amid the deadlock, with near-daily Israeli strikes, and living conditions for the 2.1 million people living there remain dire.
加沙执行委员会成员、特朗普的女婿贾里德·库什纳承认,加沙复苏计划由于种种原因,在“各个方面都面临不同的延误”。
Jared Kushner, a Gaza Executive Board member and Trump's son-in-law, conceded that the Gaza Recovery Programme faced "different delays on different things, for whatever reason".
他在向委员会成员和利益相关者发表讲话时表示:“今天的目的实际上只是向大家表明,我们确实完全致力于做好这件事。”
"The goal of today was really just to show you that we're really fully committed to doing it," he told the meeting of board members and stakeholders.
美国特使史蒂夫·威特考夫在纽约与他一同出席了会议。威特考夫表示,过去一年取得了“实质性进展”。
He was joined in New York by US envoy Steve Witkoff, who said that "real progress" had been made over the past year.
威特考夫补充道:“所有人质都已回家。尽管停火协议可能并不完美,但它依然存在。人道主义努力取得了历史性成果,数十亿美元的捐款和承诺被用于满足紧急需求并支持长期的恢复工作。”
"All of the hostages are home. There is a ceasefire, imperfect as it may be, but it still exists. Humanitarian efforts have achieved historic results, with billions of dollars donated and pledged to meet urgent needs and support the long work of recovery," Witkoff added.
除了筹集资金外,该计划还面临诸多重大挑战,包括如何确保在加沙地区开展工作的人员的安全、如何改革内部治理机制,以及如何在以色列和巴勒斯坦官员之间达成共识。
In addition to fundraising, the plan faces significant challenges including how to ensure security for those operating in Gaza, overhaul internal governance and find consensus between Israeli and Palestinian officials.
美国国务卿马可·卢比奥在周三的另一场新闻发布会上表示:“已有许多国家表示愿意提供财政援助”,该组织正在“寻求更多国家的参与”。
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio told a separate news conference on Wednesday that "a number of countries have stepped forward and pledged financial assistance" and the board was "looking for more that will participate in that".
以色列裔美国人迈克尔·艾森伯格(Michael Eisenberg)向英国广播公司的《Newshour》节目介绍了接下来的行动步骤。他说:“由于加沙属于战区,因此必须清除未爆炸的弹药;此外,加沙地下还有数百公里的隧道需要被摧毁。一旦这些工作完成,加沙人民就可以重新开始重建工作——无论是重建住房、改善卫生设施,还是其他方面的设施。”
Michael Eisenberg, an Israeli-American Board of Peace member, told the BBC's Newshour programme what the next steps were likely to be. "Because it's a war zone, you need to remove unexploded ordnance. And then there are still hundreds of kilometres of tunnels underneath Gaza which need to be destroyed as well. "Once that's all done, Gazans can get to rebuilding again: whether it's housing, or better sanitation, or other things," Eisenberg said.
今年8月,和平委员会负责加沙事务的高级代表尼古拉·姆拉德诺夫(Nickolay Mladenov)批评了以色列对加沙的持续空袭行为,并警告称,如果去年10月达成的停火协议再次破裂,该地区将陷入无法挽回的灾难性境地。
In August, the Board of Peace's high representative for Gaza, Nickolay Mladenov, criticised Israel's continuing air strikes on Gaza, as well as the actions of Hamas Mladenov warned that a collapse of last October's ceasefire would be "a point of no return" for the region.
根据由哈马斯控制的加沙卫生部门提供的数据(联合国也认可这些数据的可靠性),自停火协议生效以来,至少有1,408名巴勒斯坦人(其中包括300多名儿童)在以色列的袭击中丧生。
At least 1,408 Palestinians, including more than 300 children, have been killed in Israeli attacks in Gaza since the ceasefire began, according to the territory's Hamas-run health ministry, whose figures are considered reliable by the UN. The Israeli military says five of its soldiers have been killed in combat since the ceasefire and one contractor was killed in an "operational accident".
以色列军方表示,自停火以来已有5名以色列士兵在战斗中阵亡,另有1名承包商在“行动事故”中丧生。
The Israeli military says five of its soldiers have been killed in combat since the ceasefire and one contractor was killed in an "operational accident".
加沙的重建工作至今尚未开始。据估计,战争期间该地区80%的建筑物遭到破坏或损毁,留下了超过6000万吨的废墟。
Reconstruction has also yet to begin in Gaza, where an estimated 80% of all structures have been destroyed or damaged during the war, leaving more than 60 million tonnes of rubble piled up.
联合国的数据显示,超过190万人(约占该领土总人口的90%)流离失所,其中许多人经历了多次流离失所,目前有120万人住在帐篷或临时避难所中,清洁水和环卫服务的获取极其有限。
More than 1.9 million people - about 90% of the territory's population - have been displaced, many of them multiple times, and 1.2 million of them are currently living in tents or makeshift shelters, with limited access to clean water and sanitation services, according to the UN.
和平委员会是唐纳德·特朗普的加沙20点和平计划的一部分,该计划是他在去年9月与以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡共同公布的。
The Board of Peace was created as part of Donald Trump's 20-point Gaza peace plan, which he unveiled alongside Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in September last year.
哈马斯同意释放目前被扣押在加沙的全部48名人质,以交换以色列监狱中的巴勒斯坦囚犯和加沙被扣押人员,并同意将加沙治理权移交给巴勒斯坦技术官僚的想法。
Hamas agreed to return all 48 remaining hostages being held in Gaza in exchange for Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails and Gaza detainees, and to the idea of handing over the governance of Gaza to Palestinian technocrats.
今年7月,哈马斯表示已接受一项针对加沙的解除武装计划,该计划要求哈马斯放下武器,前提是以色列停止“所有形式的侵略”并将其部队撤出加沙。
In July, Hamas said it had accepted a disarmament plan for Gaza which would see it lay down its arms, provided Israel ends "all forms of aggression" and withdraws its forces from Gaza.
但该计划随后遭到内塔尼亚胡的拒绝,他表示军方将留在加沙,直到哈马斯被“切实”解除武装。
But that was later rejected by Netanyahu, who said the military would stay in Gaza until Hamas was "genuinely" disarmed.
和平委员会最初被认为是一个旨在为加沙带来和平的国际组织,但后来其职权范围扩大到包括全球范围内的冲突。
The Board of Peace was originally thought to be an international organisation intended to bring peace to Gaza, but later expanded to include conflicts worldwide.
这场战争由哈马斯于2023年10月7日对以色列南部发动的袭击引发,当时约有1,200人被杀害,另有251人被劫为人质。
The war was triggered by the Hamas-led attack on southern Israel on 7 October 2023, in which about 1,200 people were killed and 251 others were taken hostage.
据该领土卫生部门称,以色列随后对加沙发起了军事行动,期间已有超过73,920人丧生。
Israel responded by launching a military campaign in Gaza, during which more than 73,920 people have been killed, according to the territory's health ministry.