哥伦比亚波哥大——一名哥伦比亚军阀被空运至加利福尼亚州并移交给联邦特工羁押。此前，由于他被该国前政府指定为和平谈判代表，其引渡至美国的程序已被推迟数月。
BOGOTA, Colombia — A Colombian warlord, whose extradition to the United States had been delayed for several months while he was designated a peace negotiator by the country’s previous government, was flown to California and placed in custody of federal agents.
吉奥瓦尼·安德烈斯·罗哈斯（Geovany Andres Rojas）在美国面临毒品走私和恐怖主义指控。多年来，他一直担任“边境突击队”（Comandos de la Frontera）的发言人和领导人，该反叛组织以在与厄瓜多尔和秘鲁接壤的哥伦比亚普图马约省走私可卡因而闻名。
Geovany Andres Rojas faces drug trafficking and terrorism charges in the United States. For years, he acted as a spokesman and leader of Comandos de la Frontera, a rebel group known for trafficking cocaine in Putumayo, a Colombian province that borders Ecuador and Peru.
罗哈斯也被称为“蜘蛛”，此前一直受到哥伦比亚前总统古斯塔沃·佩特罗的保护，免于被引渡，佩特罗曾要求他参与哥伦比亚政府的和平谈判。
Rojas, who is also known as “the spider,” had been protected from extradition by former Colombian President Gustavo Petro, who had asked him to participate in peace talks with the Colombian government.
但由保守派总统阿韦拉多·德拉埃斯普里利亚（Abelardo de la Espriella）领导的新政府取消了对罗哈斯的引渡禁令，这标志着该国安全战略的转变。
But a new government, led by conservative President Abelardo de la Espriella, lifted the ban on Rojas’s extradition, signaling a shift in the nation’s security strategy.
“保护像这个强盗一样的毒品恐怖分子是无法建立和平的，”德拉埃斯普里利亚周五在亲自监督罗哈斯移交美国后表示。“我要求美国当局……确保他不能通过谈判达成任何使其罪行免受惩罚的协议。”罗哈斯于2025年2月在波哥大被捕，哥伦比亚最高法院于10月批准将其引渡至美国。但佩特罗暂停了引渡，理由是他需要罗哈斯参与哥伦比亚政府与包括“边境突击队”在内的多个反叛组织之间的和平谈判。
“You don’t build peace by protecting narco-terrorists like this bandit,” De la Espriella said on Friday, after he personally supervised Rojas’ transfer to the U.S. “I ask U.S. authorities … that he cannot negotiate deals that will leave his crimes unpunished.” Rojas was arrested in Bogota in February 2025, and Colombia’s Supreme Court approved his extradition to the U.S. in October. But Petro suspended it, arguing he needed Rojas to participate in peace talks between the Colombian government and several rebel groups, including Comandos de la Frontera.
6月当选的德拉埃斯普里利亚已暂停与反叛组织的谈判，并对犯罪采取了铁腕手段。最近的举措包括对哥伦比亚北部的一座城市实施军事化管理，此前一个贩毒团伙曾试图在该市强行实施为期三天的宵禁。这位保守派领导人在竞选期间得到了唐纳德·特朗普总统的支持，并表示将与美国密切合作打击毒品走私。
De la Espriella, who was elected in June, has suspended talks with rebel groups and has taken an iron-fist approach to crime. It recently included militarizing a city in the north of Colombia , where a drug gang attempted to impose a three-day curfew. The conservative leader was endorsed by President Donald Trump while campaigning and has said he will work closely with the United States to fight drug trafficking.
近年来，哥伦比亚政府一直在努力控制农村地区的暴力局势。由于毒品贩子团伙和反政府武装组织为争夺那些被哥伦比亚革命武装力量（FARC）放弃的领土而发生冲突，这些地区的暴力事件持续不断。
Colombia’s government has struggled to contain violence in rural areas in recent years, as drug gangs and rebel groups fight over territory abandoned by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or FARC, following their 2016 peace deal with the government.
根据2016年达成的和平协议，超过1.4万名武装分子交出了武器，这场长达五十年的游击战终于结束。然而，和平协议也在那些政府控制力薄弱的地区留下了权力真空——这些地方非法活动（如可卡因交易）十分猖獗。如今，多个分裂出来的武装组织正在为控制这些地区的毒品贩运路线、非法矿山以及敲诈勒索活动而相互争斗。
More than 14,000 fighters laid down their weapons as a result of the agreement that ended five decades of guerrilla warfare. But the peace deal also left a power vacuum in regions with little state presence, where illegal activities like the cocaine trade are common. Several breakaway groups are now fighting over drug trafficking routes, illegal mines and extortion rackets in these areas.
“Comandos de la Frontera”这个武装组织成立于2017年，其成员主要由那些没有加入2016年和平协议的前FARC武装分子组成。该组织曾与“Segunda Marquetalia”结成联盟；“Segunda Marquetalia”是由前FARC指挥官卢西亚诺·马林（Luciano Marin）于2019年创立的。不过这个联盟在两年前破裂了，因此“Comandos de la Frontera”不得不单独与哥伦比亚政府进行谈判。
Comandos de la Frontera emerged in 2017 and is partly led by former FARC fighters who did not join the 2016 peace deal. The group formed an alliance with the Segunda Marquetalia organization, a group founded in 2019 by former FARC commander Luciano Marin. But the alliance fell apart two years ago, leaving Comandos de la Frontera to conduct separate negotiations with Colombia’s government.