新德里讯——印度正逐步推行针对高糖、高盐、高脂包装食品的显著健康警示，此举可能迫使全球食品公司重新思考在全球最大、增长最快的市场之一的产品策略。
NEW DELHI -- India is moving closer to prominent health warnings on packaged foods high in sugar, salt and fat, a move that could force global food companies to rethink product strategy in one of the world's biggest and fastest-growing markets.
自上个月以来，印度通过全国范围的检查、宣布加强执行卫生和标签规则以及提出包装食品正面警示标签提案，不断强化食品安全打击力度。
India has been intensifying a food-safety crackdown since last month with nationwide inspections, an announcement of tighter enforcement of hygiene and labeling rules and a proposal for front-of-pack warning labels on packaged foods.
多年来，印度食品监管机构——印度食品安全标准局（FSSAI）一直寻求在高糖、高盐、高脂包装食品上引入正面警示标签。该监管机构于8月提出红色六边形警示标签，最初计划分两阶段推行。在最高法院质疑分阶段推行的理由后，FSSAI于周三将提案修改为一次性推行。
For years, India's food regulator, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, has sought to introduce front-of-pack warning labels on packaged foods high in sugar, salt and fat. The regulator proposed a red hexagonal warning label in August, initially with a two-phase rollout. After the Supreme Court questioned the rationale for the phased approach, the FSSAI revised its proposal on Wednesday to a single rollout.
根据最新提案，添加糖、脂肪或盐含量超过规定阈值的包装食品将贴上相应的红色警示标签。
Under the latest proposal, packaged foods exceeding prescribed thresholds for added sugar, fat or salt would carry the relevant red-color warning.
对于固体食品，每100克产品的阈值分别为：添加糖3克、脂肪4.2克或盐625毫克。对于液体食品，每100毫升的限值分别为：2克、1.5克和175毫克。
Under the latest proposal, packaged foods exceeding prescribed thresholds for added sugar, fat or salt would carry the relevant red-color warning. For solid foods, the thresholds per 100 grams of product are 3 grams of added sugar, 4.2 grams of fat, or 625 milligrams of salt. For liquids per 100 milliliters, the limits are 2 grams, 1.5 grams and 175 milligrams, respectively.
修订后的一次性推行方案规定，当产品任一营养素超过阈值时即触发警示。FSSAI尚未设定新正面警示制度的推行日期。
The revised single-phase launch will trigger a warning when a product exceeds the threshold for any one of the three nutrients. FSSAI has not set a date for rolling out the new front-of-pack warning regime.
在全国食品安全打击行动中，印度西部马哈拉施特拉邦食品监管部门近期查获的零食。
The revised single-phase launch will trigger a warning when a product exceeds the threshold for any one of the three nutrients. FSSAI has not set a date for rolling out the new front-of-pack warning regime.
该提案已引发关于印度食品行业监管的更广泛辩论，特别是针对跨国公司，涉及包装产品使用的成分、营养声称和广告等方面。
Snacks recently seized by Indian food regulators in the western state of Maharashtra amid a nationwide food-safety crackdown.
公共卫生倡导者阿伦·古普塔告诉《日经亚洲评论》，警示“应平等适用于在印度销售预包装食品的印度和外国公司”，并指出跨国公司在“印度快速增长的食品市场拥有重要地位”。印度食品安全标准局（FSSAI）表示，近几个月已向食品饮料公司发出150多份通知，涉及误导性宣传、虚假宣称和标签违规，并点名了雀巢印度、百事公司、可口可乐印度、亿滋印度、达能、费列罗和红牛等主要全球品牌。
The proposal has already prompted a wider debate over Indian food industry regulation, particularly with respect to multinational companies, from the ingredients used in packaged products to nutrition claims and advertising. Public-health advocate Arun Gupta told Nikkei Asia that warnings "should apply equally to Indian and foreign companies selling pre-packaged foods in India," noting that multinational companies have a "significant presence in the country's rapidly growing food market." The FSSAI said it had issued more than 150 notices to food and beverage companies in recent months over misleading s, false claims and labeling violations, and named major global brands including Nestle India, PepsiCo, Coca-Cola India, Mondelez India, Danone, Ferrero and Red Bull.
此外，该监管机构表示，已向肯德基、麦当劳、必胜客、达美乐和Costa Coffee等30多家外资餐饮连锁店发出通知。
Separately, the regulator said it had issued more than 30 notices to foreign food chains, including KFC, McDonald's, Pizza Hut, Domino's and Costa Coffee.
据印度食品安全标准局称，收到通知后，亿滋印度撤回了其产品的健康和营养对比宣称，从主要电商平台下架了相关宣传内容，并修订了包装。
After receiving an FSSAI notice, Mondelez India withdrew health and nutrient-comparison claims from its products, removed related s from major e-commerce platforms and revised packaging, according to FSSAI.
包括可口可乐在内的全球品牌，以及代表雀巢和百事公司的行业协会，曾在3月反对印度警示标签提案的早期版本，但尚未对最新提案表态。
Global brands, including Coca-Cola and groups representing Nestle and PepsiCo, opposed an earlier version of India's warning-label proposal in March, but have not expressed their views on the latest proposal.
古普塔是一名儿科医生，也是公共卫生组织“公共利益营养倡导”的召集人。他表示，食品公司已经开始为印度市场重新配制产品——这复制了拉丁美洲的做法，当时公司“重新配制产品以减少警示标签的数量”。例如，智利于2016年引入强制性包装正面警示标签，并限制向儿童推销带有警示标签的校园食品。据世界卫生组织称，这些措施促使食品公司重新配制产品以避免警示标签。
Gupta, a pediatrician and convenor of the public-health group Nutrition Advocacy in Public Interest, said that food companies had already started reformulating products for the Indian market -- a replication of Latin America where companies "reformulated products to reduce the number of warnings." Chile, for example, introduced mandatory front-of-pack warning labels in 2016, alongside restrictions on marketing products sold in schools with warnings to children. Those measures prompted food companies to reformulate products to avoid warning labels, according to the World Health Organization.
“但法律的目的不是重新配制；目的是保护公共健康，”古普塔说。
Gupta, a pediatrician and convenor of the public-health group Nutrition Advocacy in Public Interest, said that food companies had already started reformulating products for the Indian market -- a replication of Latin America where companies "reformulated products to reduce the number of warnings." Chile, for example, introduced mandatory front-of-pack warning labels in 2016, alongside restrictions on marketing products sold in schools with warnings to children. Those measures prompted food companies to reformulate products to avoid warning labels, according to the World Health Organization.
包括泰国和斯里兰卡在内的亚洲国家也已推出强制性包装正面标签。根据世卫组织的数据，斯里兰卡的色彩编码系统于2020年生效，而泰国自2011年起已要求某些食品类别使用显著标签。
"But the objective of the law is not reformulation; the objective is to protect public health," Gupta said. Asian countries including Thailand and Sri Lanka have also introduced mandatory front-of-pack labeling. Sri Lanka's color-coded system took effect in 2020, and Thailand has required prominent labels in certain food categories since 2011, according to the WHO.
印度尼西亚目前正在根据2024年通过的法规制定强制性警示标签。
Asian countries including Thailand and Sri Lanka have also introduced mandatory front-of-pack labeling. Sri Lanka's color-coded system took effect in 2020, and Thailand has required prominent labels in certain food categories since 2011, according to the WHO.
总部位于印度的研究公司IMARC Group表示，由于人口众多、城市化进程加快以及消费者生活方式不断演变，亚太地区是2025年最大的包装食品市场，占全球市场的33.67%。
Indonesia is now developing mandatory warning labels following regulations adopted in 2024. According to IMARC Group, an India-based research company, Asia-Pacific was the largest packaged food market in 2025, accounting for 33.67% of the global market, because of its large population, rapid urbanization and evolving consumer lifestyles.
IMARC称，印度市场预计将从2025年的1291.8亿美元增长至2026年的1372.5亿美元，并到2034年达到2388.3亿美元。
The Indian market is expected to grow from $129.18 billion in 2025 to $137.25 billion in 2026 and reach $238.83 billion by 2034, says IMARC.
印度餐饮服务企业日益感受到监管压力。当局加强了对餐厅、酒店及其他餐饮网点的检查，下达整改通知，并在涉及严重或屡次违规的情况下，在许多州下令暂时关闭或吊销执照。
Regulatory pressure in India is increasingly being felt among food-service businesses. Authorities have stepped up inspections of restaurants, hotels and other food outlets, issuing improvement notices and, in cases involving serious or repeated violations, ordering temporary closures or suspending licenses in many states.
总部位于新德里的咨询公司Tasanaya Hospitality的创始人兼首席执行官、印度国家餐饮协会前主席Samir Kuckreja表示，餐厅和食品企业现在正在投资第三方食品安全审核、员工培训、原料溯源和文件记录。
Samir Kuckreja, founder and CEO of Tasanaya Hospitality, a New Delhi-based consulting company, and a former president of the National Restaurant Association of India, said restaurants and food businesses are now investing in third-party food-safety audits, staff training, ingredient traceability and documentation.
他表示：“餐厅和酒店都找到我们，希望我们协助他们更新标准操作程序、进行食品安全审核和员工培训。”Quratulain Rehbar是特约撰稿人。
"Both restaurants and hotels have reached out to us for working with them on updating standard operating procedures, food safety audits and staff training," he said. Quratulain Rehbar is a contributing writer.