蒸馏酒制造商詹姆斯·莱斯特已经习惯了贸易战时断时续的混乱，但如今他不得不应对一种新的“待遇”——被彻底挡在美国市场之外。
Distiller James Lester has grown used to the on-again, off-again chaos of the trade war, but he's now grappling with a new kind of treatment — being shut out of the U.S. market altogether.
“说实话，这多少让人有些难过。”莱斯特说。他是不列颠哥伦比亚省蒸馏酒厂“温哥华之子”的创始人兼运营者。
"It's a little sad to be honest," said Lester, founder and operator of B.C.-based distillery Sons of Vancouver.
截至周二美东时间凌晨12时01分，美国针对部分加拿大酒类、乳制品副产品、摩托车和糖蜜的禁令已经生效，使部分生产商彻底失去美国市场。
As of Tuesday at 12:01 am ET, U.S. bans are in effect on some Canadian alcohol products, dairy byproducts, motorcycles and molasses, shutting certain producers out of the U.S. market entirely.
“温哥华之子”通常每年向美国运送几托盘含小麦和黑麦的酒，但这一业务占其总业务的不到10%。不过，这一变化让莱斯特很失望，因为 他一直在努力打造与 美国南部客户的关系，并扩大当地业务。
Sons of Vancouver usually ships a few pallets of wheated rye to the U.S. each year — less than 10 per cent of their business overall. But the change is a disappointment for Lester, as he'd been working hard to forge relationships south of the border and expand the business there.
“我们在线上销往美国的 产品还剩 一点，但 不知道 还能卖多久，这将是最后 一点了。”特朗普禁止将加拿大酒类、摩托车及其他商品进口到美国。
"We still have a little bit available online in the U.S., but that'll be the last of it for who knows how long." Trump banning import of Canadian booze, motorcycles, other goods into U.S.
美国即将对加拿大酒类、乳清、糖蜜和摩托车实施进口禁令。尽管美国消费者即使来到加拿大购买一瓶酒，也无法将其带回美国，但禁令仍让莱斯特在面对美国消费者时几乎别无选择。
The incoming U.S. import bans on Canadian alcohol, whey, molasses and motorcycles, by the numbers It leaves Lester with few options for his American consumers, since they wouldn't be able to take it back to the States with them even if they came to Canada to buy a bottle.
进口禁令令贸易战在最为棘手的领域之一——酒类——进一步升级。在整个关税交锋期间，酒类一直是美加两国政界人士争论的敏感议题。
The import ban heightens the trade war on one of its thorniest fronts — alcohol, which has become a hot-button issue for politicians on both sides of the border throughout the tariff battle.
小型制造商受冲击最大。KPMG Law国际贸易律师罗伯特·格拉斯哥表示，进口禁令切断了部分酒类产品的流通渠道，因此即便从宏观上看影响不大，许多个体企业主仍可能受到严重冲击。
Small makers could be hurt most With import bans stopping the flow of some alcohol products in their tracks, there are lots of individual business owners who stand to be hurt by the ban, according to international trade lawyer with KPMG Law, Robert Glasgow, even if the macro impact isn't massive.
烈酒生产商可能会受到尤为沉重的打击，因为加拿大出口到美国的烈酒数量远超啤酒或葡萄酒。根据美国普查局的贸易数据，2025年美国从加拿大进口了价值6.73亿美元的烈酒，而同期进口的葡萄酒和啤酒价值分别仅为6210万美元和1920万美元。
Spirits producers could be hit particularly hard because Canada sends more liquor to the U.S. than it does beer or wine. The U.S. imported $673 million US worth of spirits from Canada in 2025 compared to $62.1 million US worth of wine and just $19.2 million US worth of beer that same year, according to trade data from the U.S. Census Bureau.
加拿大烈酒行业全国贸易协会“加拿大烈酒”（Spirits Canada）表示，加拿大出口到境外的烈酒中约有93%销往美国。该协会主席卡尔·布里克（Cal Bricker）称，失去这一“至关重要”的美国市场令人担忧。不过，禁令并不适用于超过一定容量的特定种类烈酒桶，且在本月初宣布加强贸易措施时，针对散装特定威士忌和利口酒的关税已被取消。
Spirits Canada, the national trade association for the spirits industry, says about 93 per cent of spirits sent outside of Canada are destined for the States — making the loss of the "very important" U.S. market concerning, according to the group's president, Cal Bricker But the ban won't apply to barrels of certain kinds of liquor over a certain volume, and tariffs were removed from bulk shipments of certain whiskies and liqueurs when the heightened trade measures were announced earlier this month.
格拉斯哥（Glasgow）认为，此举将使那些在边境两侧均设有装瓶和混合设施的大型跨国烈酒公司免受部分禁令影响，而小型企业则将首当其冲。
That move will spare big, multinational spirits companies that have bottling and mixing facilities on both sides of the border from some of the impact of the ban, according to Glasgow — leaving smaller players feeling the brunt.
格拉斯哥表示：“许多酿酒厂、蒸馏厂和葡萄园——主要是那些更依赖美国贸易和美国市场的小型独立商户——可能会因此受到重大影响。”
"There's going to be a number of breweries, distilleries, and vineyards — largely the smaller, more independent shops that are more dependent on U.S. Trade and U.S. markets — that this could have some significant impacts for," Glasgow said.
但葡萄酒行业的其他人表示，50%的关税税率实际上已经将加拿大产品拒之门外，行业团体正呼吁政府提供更多支持，以帮助加拿大的葡萄园。
But others in the wine making business have said the 50 per cent tariff rate effectively excluded Canadian products already, and industry groups are calling for more government support to help Canadian vineyards.
加拿大烈酒协会称，美国对加拿大酒精饮料的禁令将造成深远影响。9月9日，时长：为何是酒类？
自贸易战开始以来，酒精饮料一直是焦点。2025年3月，为回应美国对加拿大征收关税，加拿大大多数省长下令将美国产酒类从省营酒类商店的货架上撤下。
U.S. ban on Canadian alcohol would bite deep, Spirits Canada says September 9 Duration Why booze? Alcohol has been a focal point in the trade battle since the start, when most Canadian premiers pulled U.S.-made bottles from the shelves of provincially-run liquor stores in March 2025 in response to the U.S. imposing tariffs on Canada.
这一举措引发了美国某些地区的政治领导人的批评；这些地区正是某些类型酒类（如肯塔基州的波本威士忌）的产地。肯塔基州州长安迪·贝希尔呼吁美国领导人重新考虑这一决定，因为该措施威胁到了该州的酒类制造商。
The move drew criticism from political leaders in certain regions of the U.S. where certain types of spirits are made — like Kentucky, where Governor Andy Beshear appealed to leaders in this country to rethink the move as it threatened bourbon makers in his state.
图表：加拿大的酒精禁令对美国葡萄酒产业造成了多大的影响？安大略省尼亚加拉地区的冰酒生产商表示，特朗普的酒精禁令令美国买家感到“震惊”。白宫在7月宣布新的50%关税时，还指出了加拿大对美国酒精产品、乳制品和汽车行业的“歧视行为”；这些关税影响了加拿大的酒精产品，以及其他众多商品（从牛奶到纸制品、人造假发等）。
Graphics How much damage have Canada's booze bans done to the U.S. wine industry? Ice wine producer in Ontario's Niagara region says U.S. buyers 'flabbergasted' by Trump's booze ban order The White House also cited Canada's "discrimination" against American alcohol as well as dairy and autos, when announcing new 50 per cent tariffs in July, which hit Canadian booze among other products, including everything from milk to paper products to synthetic wigs.
尽管酒精产品在加拿大与美国的贸易中所占比例相对较小，但康考迪亚大学的经济学教授莫谢·兰德指出，这一问题在贸易战中变得尤为棘手——因为酒精产品与人们的日常生活息息相关。
Despite booze making up a relatively tiny portion of Canada-U.S. trade, Concordia University economics professor Moshe Lander says it's become a thorny issue in the trade war in part because it's so personal.
“我们在一定程度上是通过自己喝的酒来定义自己的身份的，”兰德说。兰德认为，像澳大利亚的福斯特啤酒或爱尔兰的健力士这样的品牌，不仅仅是一种饮品，它们还是一个国家身份的象征；同样的道理也适用于肯塔基州的波本威士忌和加州的葡萄酒，这使得它们成为具有政治影响力的目标。
"We identify ourselves at least in part by the stuff that we drink," Lander said. Brands like Foster's in Australia or Guinness in Ireland are more than just drinks, they're part of a country's identity, says Lander. He adds the same is true for Kentucky bourbon and California wine, making them politically effective targets.
为什么酒精会成为加拿大与美国贸易谈判的核心议题？根据毕马威会计师事务所格拉斯哥分公司的分析，尽管消费者对喜爱的葡萄酒或波本威士忌情有独钟，但他们很容易用本地产品来替代，从而依然能够享受美好的夜晚。因此，对这类产品实施限制对目标国家的影响往往比对本国市场的影响更大。
Why booze is at the centre of Canada-U.S. trade talks | About That August 21 And despite consumers having a taste for their favourite brand of wine or bourbon, it's relatively easy for consumers to substitute with a local bottle and still have a good night out, KPMG's Glasgow says, making it a smart product for policy makers to target.
“这种报复措施实际上会对被报复的国家造成更大的打击，”格拉斯哥表示。
"That's a type of retaliation that hits … the country that you're retaliating against harder than it hurts your own markets," Glasgow said.
长达一年半的后果……加州葡萄酒生产商Ironstone Vineyards的全球销售与市场主管琼·考茨表示，她理解加拿大将美国酒精产品下架这一举措所传达的强烈信号。“我不喜欢这种情况，但我也能理解其中的缘由，”考茨说道。
A year and a half-long hangover Joan Kautz, head of global sales and marketing for Californian winemaker Ironstone Vineyards, says she understands the strong message sent by taking U.S. alcohol off shelves in Canada. "I don't like it, but I understand it," Kautz said.
由于这场关于酒精的争端，位于加利福尼亚州洛迪市的这座占地2500公顷的葡萄园出产的葡萄酒在加拿大已经有一年半的时间无法销售了。
The fight over alcohol has meant wines from the 2,500-hectare vineyard in Lodi, Calif., haven't been available in Canada for a year and a half.
考茨表示，美国的酒精禁令对不列颠哥伦比亚省的葡萄酒生产商来说是一个急需的“福音”；这些生产商仍在向阿尔伯塔省销售部分产品，因为那里的私营酒类商店并未限制美国产的酒精产品的销售。不过，这些销售额仅占铁石酒庄（Ironstone）过去向加拿大出口总额的一小部分而已。
U.S. booze boycott becomes a much-needed boon for B.C. wineries Kautz says they're still selling some products to Alberta, where private-run liquor stores aren't restricting U.S. booze, but it's a fraction of the business Ironstone used to send north of the border.
她指出，历史上这家酒庄20%的出口业务都来自加拿大，这使得加拿大成为其在美国以外最重要的市场。
Historically, she says 20 per cent of the winery's export business went to Canada, making it their most important market outside of the U.S.
“显然，这对我们的财务状况造成了严重影响，”考茨说，“我们花了30年时间才建立起这个市场，而现在一切都瞬间消失了。”她的家族企业目前向数十个国家出口产品；由于加拿大市场的需求锐减，他们不得不将精力转向其他市场。但对其他葡萄酒生产商来说，影响更为严重——据报道，有些生产商已经在最近几个月申请破产，或者决定关闭工厂并出售他们的葡萄园。
"Obviously, it hits financially," Kautz said. "We've been building the market for 30 years and it all went away overnight." Her family's business exports to dozens of countries, and has been able to focus on other markets as Canadian demand dried up. But for other wineries, the impacts have been greater — some have reportedly filed for bankruptcy or decided to close and sell their vineyards in recent months.
根据美国蒸馏酒协会（Distilled Spirits Council of the US）的数据，自美国产的酒精产品被禁止在加拿大销售后，2025年美国对加拿大的酒精产品出口额大幅下降：烈酒销售额下降了70%，葡萄酒出口额下降了87%。
Across booze categories, exports from the U.S. to Canada for 2025 dropped after bottles were pulled from shelves, with spirits sales falling by 70 per cent and wine exports dropping 87 per cent according to the Distilled Spirits Council of the U.S.
鉴于这一经济影响，该协会呼吁美国总统唐纳德·特朗普政府尽快解决这场争端，以便长期以来的贸易伙伴能够再次共同举杯庆祝。
As a result of the economic impact, the council has called on U.S. President Donald Trump's administration to resolve the feud over over alcohol, so long-time trading partners can raise a glass together again.
考茨仍然抱有希望，认为这种情况最终会得到解决。她相信加拿大消费者不会忘记美国葡萄酒的独特风味，等到他们能够买到加州葡萄酒时，依然会喜欢上它。
Kautz is still hopeful that will happen eventually. She expects Canadian consumer's memories won't be too short, and they'll still have a taste for California wine when they can eventually get their hands on a bottle.
“当然，会有一部分消费者需要更长的时间来适应这种变化，”考茨说，“但我们必须保持乐观。”
"There'll be a group that's probably slower to the table," Kautz said. "But you have to be hopeful."