周一，在伊斯坦布尔机场，一架属于里海航空（Caspian Airlines）的波音737飞机被法院授权的执法人员扣押。此次扣押是基于一笔约300万欧元的债务索赔。这导致已经登机、准备飞往伊朗的乘客们滞留在了机场。
A Caspian Airlines Boeing 737 was seized at Istanbul Airport on Monday by court-ordered enforcement officers acting on a debt claim of approximately €3 million, stranding passengers who had already boarded a flight bound for Iran. Lawyers and bailiffs representing the creditor, aviation representation and supervision company ACM Temsil Gözetim, arrived at the aircraft —ed EP-KPB — as it was ready for departure and served the seizure order before it could take off, according to Anadolu Agency.
据安纳托利亚通讯社（Anadolu Agency）报道，代表债权人的律师事务所及执行人员（ACM Temsil Gözetim）在飞机（航班号为EP-KPB）即将起飞时赶到现场，并在飞机起飞前正式送达了扣押令。随后，乘客和机组人员被从飞机上转移出来，送回了航站楼。
Passengers and cabin crew were removed from the aircraft and returned to the terminal.
里海航空是一家总部位于德黑兰的航空公司，成立于1993年，隶属于伊朗的国家航空集团。该公司使用波音737飞机执飞国内及国际航线，包括飞往伊斯坦布尔的航班。
Caspian Airlines is a Tehran-based carrier founded in 1993 and operating as part of Iran's state aviation group. It flies Boeing 737s on domestic and international routes, including to Istanbul.
由于美国长达数十年的制裁，伊朗航空公司一直面临着维护飞机 fleet 和履行对外财务义务的巨大困难——这些制裁限制了伊朗航空公司获取飞机、零部件、维修服务以及国际金融系统的渠道。今年2月爆发的美伊战争进一步加剧了这些压力：伊朗的领空多次遭到干扰，国际航线也遭到限制。
Iranian carriers have faced chronic difficulties maintaining their fleets and meeting financial obligations to foreign counterparts as a result of decades of US sanctions, which restrict access to aircraft, spare parts, maintenance services and international financial systems. The war between the US and Iran that began in February has compounded those pressures, with Iranian airspace repeatedly disrupted and international routes curtailed.
此次飞机扣押事件发生在美国上周三对伊朗航空业实施新一轮制裁之后。根据美国财政部的规定，9月8日，美国财政部以“经济排斥行动”（Operation Economic Outcast）为名，对27家伊朗航空公司及其9家相关服务提供商实施了制裁，并警告称：任何继续为伊朗航空公司提供服务的外国机场、燃料供应商、地面服务公司或票务机构都将面临制裁，甚至可能被切断与美国美元系统的联系。
The seizure came days after sweeping US secondary sanctions on Iran's aviation sector took effect last Wednesday. The US Treasury had sanctioned 27 Iranian airlines and nine associated service providers on 8 September under its Operation Economic Outcast, warning that foreign airports, fuel suppliers, ground handlers and ticketing companies that continued servicing Iranian carriers would themselves face sanctions and risk being cut off from the US dollar system.
这些制裁措施导致伊朗航空业的国际业务迅速萎缩：伊朗航空公司的航班在伊拉克、阿联酋、阿塞拜疆和阿曼等地被迫暂停运营。作为回应，伊朗最大的私营航空公司“马汉航空”（Mahan Air）也暂停了飞往土耳其和阿曼的航班。
The secondary sanctions triggered a rapid contraction of Iranian aviation internationally, with flights by Iranian carriers suspended in Iraq, the UAE, Azerbaijan and Oman. In turn, Iran's largest private carrier Mahan Air suspended flights to Turkey and Oman.
汉莎航空和奥地利航空已暂停飞往伊朗的航线，直至10月24日。卡塔尔航空以空域限制为由暂停了相关服务。中国、俄罗斯和巴基斯坦则继续维持与伊朗之间的航班。
Lufthansa and Austrian Airlines suspended their own routes to Iran through 24 October. Qatar Airways suspended services citing airspace restrictions. China, Russia and Pakistan have continued to maintain flights to and from Iran.
根据追踪数据，德黑兰主要机场的每日国际航班数量从制裁前的80至90架次，降至周一的约41架次。德黑兰已向联合国、国际民航组织和国际法院提出正式投诉。
Daily international flights at Tehran's main airport fell from 80 to 90 before the sanctions to around 41 by Monday, according to tracking data. Tehran has filed formal complaints with the UN, the International Civil Aviation Organisation and the International Court of Justice.
土耳其并未正式禁止伊朗航空公司运营，这也是为何在扣押事件发生时，里海航空仍在运营伊斯坦布尔航线的原因。
Turkey has not formally barred Iranian carriers, which is why Caspian Airlines was still operating the Istanbul route at the time of the seizure.