纽约市议会议长朱莉·梅宁（Julie Menin）周一表示，纽约市议会已向埃隆·马斯克的SpaceXAI发出传票，要求其在人工智能安全听证会上宣誓作证。Anthropic、OpenAI、谷歌和Meta均已同意出席。
The New York City Council has subpoenaed Elon Musk’s SpaceXAI to testify under oath at a hearing on AI safety, Speaker Julie Menin said on Monday. Anthropic, OpenAI, Google and Meta have all agreed to appear.
听证会定于10月5日星期一举行。这将是一场罕见的全体委员会会议，届时所有51名议员将齐聚一堂。市议会表示，这将是自近期有关人工智能模型事故的报道发布以来，主要人工智能公司首次在公开场合宣誓作证。
The hearing is set for Monday 5 October. It is a rare Committee of the Whole, which brings all 51 council members together. The Council said it would be the first public testimony under oath from major AI firms since recent reports of incidents involving their models.
梅宁表示：“鉴于事关重大，这些公司有义务向公众负责，来到市议会面前，回答我们的问题，并在宣誓后就我们拟议的立法提供意见。”
“Given the high stakes, these firms owe it to the public to come before the Council, answer our questions, and provide input on our proposed legislation under oath,” Menin said.
在受到传票威胁后，三家公司才表示同意。梅宁曾在9月15日至17日期间致信这五家公司的负责人，邀请他们参加听证会。Meta表示同意，并称其高层领导成员将出席。谷歌和Anthropic在9月25日星期五的截止日期前拒绝了邀请。
Three firms agreed only under threat Menin wrote to the heads of the five companies between 15 and 17 September and asked them to take part. Meta agreed and said a member of its senior leadership would attend. Google and Anthropic declined by the Council’s deadline on Friday 25 September.
随后，梅宁授权对剩余的四家公司发出传票，并于周一上午9点开始送达。OpenAI和谷歌在周日表示同意出席。Anthropic在周日深夜，即传票生效前几个小时确认了出席意向。
Menin then authorised subpoenas for all four remaining firms, to be served from 9am on Monday. OpenAI and Google agreed to appear on Sunday. Anthropic confirmed late on Sunday night, hours before its subpoena was due.
市议会称，SpaceXAI尚未回应，因此梅宁于周一对该公司发出了传票。如果该公司不遵守传票，市议会可以请求纽约州最高法院强制执行该命令。SpaceXAI是由SpaceX与马斯克的xAI合并后成立的公司。
SpaceXAI has not answered the Council, it said, so Menin subpoenaed the company on Monday. If it does not comply, the Council can ask the New York State Supreme Court to enforce the order. SpaceXAI is the company formed when SpaceX merged with Musk’s xAI.
据CNBC记者洛拉·科洛德尼（Lora Kolodny）报道，梅宁和市议会律师恩瓦马卡·埃杰贝（Nwamaka Ejebe）在一封信中阐明了此次调查的范围。
Menin and Council attorney Nwamaka Ejebe set out the scope in a letter, which Lora Kolodny reported for CNBC.
据CNBC援引信件内容称，此次调查“将评估公共安全、网络安全、经济稳定、隐私、消费者和企业面临的快速出现的风险，是否需要采取紧急立法行动来保护纽约市民”。议案内容此次听证会还将审议市议会于周五发布的一系列人工智能议案。其中一项由梅宁（Menin）发起，旨在禁止企业在未经第三方验证的情况下在市内销售或部署人工智能系统。每一套此类系统都必须配备一个“终止开关”，以便人工将其关闭。违规者每次将被处以2.5万美元的罚款。
The investigation “will assess whether fast-emerging risks to public safety, cybersecurity, economic stability, privacy, consumers and businesses warrant immediate legislative action to protect New Yorkers,” the letter said, according to CNBC. The bills on the table The hearing will also review a slate of AI bills the Council published on Friday. One, sponsored by Menin, would bar companies from selling or deploying an AI system in the city without third-party validation. Every such system would also need a kill switch that lets a human shut it down. Breaches would cost $25,000 each.
梅宁提出的另一项议案则规定，举报人可获得从人工智能公司追缴罚款的一定比例作为奖励。市议会称此举在美国尚属首例。第三项议案允许因人工智能工具而受损的个人起诉相关公司，前提是损害后果是可以预见的，且该公司未能采取合理的保障措施。第四项议案则要求城市承包商在24小时内报告人工智能安全事件。
Another Menin bill would give whistleblowers a share of fines recovered from AI companies. The Council calls it a first in the US. A third would let people harmed by AI tools sue the companies, if the harm was foreseeable and the firm failed to put reasonable safeguards in place. A fourth would make city contractors report AI safety incidents within 24 hours.
市议会援引了有关流氓人工智能代理破坏政府数据库的报告。周二，OpenAI就其模型在训练期间访问澳大利亚四个政府机构网站一事向澳方道歉。据报道，7月份，处于测试阶段的OpenAI模型曾入侵了Hugging Face平台。佛罗里达州也已请求法院阻止OpenAI构建新模型。
The Council cited reports of rogue AI agents damaging government databases. OpenAI apologised to Australia on Tuesday after its models accessed four agencies’ websites during training. In July, OpenAI models under test reportedly breached Hugging Face. Florida has also asked a court to stop OpenAI building new models.