大卫·埃尔（David Ehl）2026年9月29日 埃塞俄比亚北部战火再燃，粉碎了该地区脆弱的和平。在通讯中断的情况下，身陷交火之中的平民向德国之声（DW）讲述了他们的遭遇，叛军与联邦部队仍在为争夺领土而战。
David Ehl September 29, 2026 Fighting has returned to northern Ethiopia, shattering a fragile peace in the region. DW spoke to civilians caught in the crossfire amid communication blackouts, as rebel and federal forces keep battling for territory.
自战斗爆发以来，默克莱等提格雷城镇的物价飙升随着战斗在埃塞俄比亚北部不断蔓延，平民发现自己陷入了交战双方的战火之中。由于互联网和其他通讯服务基本中断，受影响地区几乎没有信息流出，细节仍然极其匮乏。然而，德国之声设法联系到了目击者，他们的陈述表明平民付出的代价正在不断增加。
Prices in Tigrayan towns like Mekelle have surged since the onset of the fighting As fighting keeps spreading across northern Ethiopia civilians find themselves caught in the crossfire between opposing forces. Details remain scarce with little information is emerging from the affected area as the internet and other communication services remain largely disrupted However, DW managed to speak to eyewitnesses whose accounts point to a growing toll on civilians.
来自小镇瑟伦武哈（Selenwuha）的一名22岁女子告诉德国之声，当重型武器炮击击中他们的住所时，她的亲属正躲在家中。
A 22-year-old woman from the small town of Selenwuha told DW that her relatives were sheltering at home when heavy weaponry shelling struck their residences.
她说：“我失去了六位家人。”“幸存下来的人，包括伤员，目前都被困在家中。
"I have lost six family members," she said. "Those who survived the attack, including the wounded, are currently confined to their homes.
“他们无法前往医疗设施或乘坐车辆，最近的治疗中心也很远。”据当地居民称，具有战略意义的城镇阿拉马塔（Alamata）据报已被埃塞俄比亚国防军（ENDF）攻占。近几天发生了多起暴力事件，尤其是在提格雷州和阿姆哈拉州的边境地区，还有多起平民死于炮火的报告。
"They have no access to medical facilities or vehicles, and the nearest treatment center is far away." Strategic town of Alamata reported taken by ENDF According to local residents, several violent incidents took place in recent days, especially in the border region between the Tigray and Amhara regions, with multiple further reports of civilians being killed by artillery fire.
与此同时，地面上的整体战略形势仍然难以评估，据报叛军和联邦部队都在不同地区取得了进展。德国之声从提格雷的一位消息人士处获悉，埃塞俄比亚国防军（ENDF）正继续向首府默克莱推进。
The overall strategic situation on the ground meanwhile remains difficult to assess, with both rebel and federal forces reportedly making advances in different areas DW heard from a source in Tigray that the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) keeps advancing towards the regional capital Mekelle.
该消息人士在严格匿名的情况下告诉德国之声，提格雷部队据报正在奋力保卫其他城镇，包括提格雷南部的梅科尼（Mekoni）和迈切乌（Maychew）。
Tigrayan forces are reportedly fighting to defend other towns, including Mekoni and Maychew in southern Tigray, the source told DW on the strict condition of anonymity.
TPLF武装人员正在梅克勒巡逻——远离当前冲突的前线 该国亲政府民兵和关联媒体此前报道称，埃塞俄比亚国防军（ENDF）于9月27日夺取了提格雷南部重镇阿拉马塔的控制权，取得重大进展。
TPLF fighters are patroling Mekelle — far from the frontline of the present conflict Pro-government militia and affiliated media outlets in the country had reported earlier that the ENDF had made significant progress by seizing control of Alamata in southern Tigray on September 27.
然而，总部位于美国的冲突监测组织ACLED也记录了这一所谓的接管行动 该战略要镇位于地区首府梅克勒以南约120公里处，坐落于一条主要公路上。
The purported takeover was, however, also recorded by the US-based conflict-monitoring organization ACLED Located about 120 kilometers south of the regional capital Mekelle, the strategically important town is situated on a major highway.
在2020年至2022年的战争期间，阿拉马塔曾多次在两个交战方之间易手。
During the 2020-2022 war, Alamata changed hands several times between the two warring parties.
居民指责联邦军队蓄意袭击 一名40岁的阿拉马塔居民告诉德国之声（DW），平民遭到蓄意袭击，并引述了该地区民兵成员的说法：“这些袭击……是针对阿拉马塔人民的报复行动，”这位当地人说。“民兵告诉我们，是政府军向我们开炮的。”
Residents accuse federal forces of deliberate attacks A 40-year-old resident of Alamata told DW that civilians had deliberately been targeted, citing the account shared by militia members in the region: "The attacks … were acts of retaliation against the people of Alamata," the local said. "The militias told us that government forces had fired the artillery at us."
另一名45岁的居民表示，他认为袭击时间是蓄意挑选的，旨在赶集高峰期造成最大平民伤亡，“那时会有大量人群聚集在那里。”“阿拉马塔周六集市上有11人死亡、15人受伤，”他告诉德国之声。
Another resident, aged 45, said he believed the attack had deliberately been timed to maximize civilian casualties during the opening hours of a market, "when large numbers of people would be gathered there." "At the Saturday market in Alamata, 11 people were killed and 15 others were wounded", he told DW.
阿拉马塔在2020-2022年内战期间多次易手（资料图片摄于2021年1月） 德国之声想强调的是，这些指控无法独立核实。
Alamata has changed hands several times during the 2020-22 civil war (archive picture is from January 2021) DW would like to stress that these claims could not be independently verified.
德国之声也联系了埃塞俄比亚国防军发言人置评；截至本文发稿时，该发言人尚未回应置评请求。
An ENDF spokesperson was also contacted by DW for comment; by the time of the publishing of this article, the spokesperson had not responded to the request.
联盟转移与相互指责 9月23日，大规模战斗爆发，提格雷武装夺取了地区首府梅克勒以及阿克苏姆和舍尔等地区枢纽的机场。
Shifting alliances and mutual blame Large-scale fighting erupted on September 23 when Tigrayan forces seized the airports of the regional capital Mekele as well as the regional hubs of Aksum and Shire.
三天前，提格雷人民解放阵线（TPLF）与其他六个武装组织宣布成立新联盟，旨在推翻总理阿比·艾哈迈德领导的政府。
Three days earlier, the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and six other armed groups had announced a new alliance aimed at overthrowing Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's government.
出人意料的是，阿姆哈拉法诺全国运动也加入了该联盟。该运动在2020年至2022年战争期间曾支持联邦部队对抗提格雷人民解放阵线，但此后改变立场，转而与联邦政府作战。
Unexpectedly, the alliance was joined by the Amhara Fano National Movement, which had supported federal forces against the TPLF during the 2020-2022 war, but has since then switched side and turned to fighting the federal government.
与此同时，联邦政府与提格雷武装力量相互指责对方引发了最新一轮局势升级，双方均声称其军事行动具有防御性质。
The federal government and Tigrayan forces meanwhile have accused each other of starting the latest escalation both sides portraying their military actions as defensive in nature.
新叛军联盟正在改变提格雷冲突的格局。要观看此视频，请考虑升级到支持HTML5视频的网页浏览器。埃塞俄比亚脆弱的和平协议正在瓦解。根据不同来源，在2020年至2022年这场围绕北部提格雷省政治地位展开的残酷战争中，死亡人数在16.2万至60万之间。
The new rebel alliance transforming the Tigray conflict To view this video , and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video The unraveling of Ethiopia's fragile peace accord Depending on the source, between 162,000 and 600,000 people were killed in the brutal 2020-2022 war, which was fought over the political status of the northern province of Tigray.
战争于2022年11月随着《比勒陀利亚协议》的签署而结束。根据该协议，提格雷人民解放阵线同意对其战斗人员进行解除武装、复员和重新安置，并尊重联邦政府的宪法权威。
The war ended in November 2022 with the Pretoria Agreement, under which the TPLF agreed to the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of its combatants, and to respect the federal government's constitutional authority.
然而，协议中的关键条款仍未得到执行，重大争端也未获解决，包括争议领土的地位、流离失所者的回归以及提格雷部队的全面复员。
However, key provisions remained unimplemented and major disputes unresolved, including the status of contested territories, the return of displaced people and the full demobilization of Tigrayan forces.
与此同时，提格雷人民解放阵线内部的权力斗争以德布雷西翁·格布雷米卡海尔领导的强硬派重新掌控提格雷地区告终，这进一步加剧了与亚的斯亚贝巴之间的紧张关系。
Meanwhile, a power struggle within the TPLF ended with the more hardline faction around Debretsion Gebremichael reasserting control in Tigray, further straining relations with Addis Ababa.
提格雷人民解放阵线还恢复了战前的提格雷地区议会，联邦政府将此视为对《比勒陀利亚框架》的违反。
The TPLF also reinstated Tigray's pre-war regional council, a move the federal government viewed as a violation of the Pretoria framework.
当提格雷人民解放阵线失去其政党立法地位，从而被排除在今年六月举行的全国选举之外时，担忧情绪进一步加剧。
Concerns mounted even further when the TPLF lost its legal party legislation, thus excluding the party from participating in national elections in June this year.
紧张局势稳步加剧，并最终导致提格雷地方武装与联邦军队之间于2026年8月爆发新一轮冲突。
Tensions steadily increased, culminating in renewed clashes between Tigrayan and federal forces beginning in August 2026.
据报道，提格雷州级广播公司的总部在9月早些时候的一次无人机袭击中被击中。各方对平民伤亡和侵犯人权行为的担忧日益加剧。与此同时，当地居民正在为进一步的战斗做准备，而红十字国际委员会（ICRC）等组织仅成功撤离了少数卷入冲突的人员。
The headquarters of Tigray's state broadcaster was reportedly hit in a drone strike earlierin September Fears grow over civilian toll and rights violations Local residents meanwhile are bracing for further fighting, as organizations like the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) have managed to evacuate only few people caught up in the conflict.
据红十字国际委员会称，这家全球非政府组织仅从提格雷撤离了大约160人，其中包括埃塞俄比亚联邦警察人员、埃塞俄比亚航空公司员工以及非盟观察员。
According to the ICRC, the global NGO got to evacuate only around 160 individuals from Tigray, including Ethiopian Federal Police personnel, Ethiopian Airlines staff and African Union monitors.
随着有关民用基础设施受损、基本服务中断以及通信和交通路线被切断的报道不断出现，观察人士不仅对提格雷居民的处境感到担忧，也对整个埃塞俄比亚北部居民的安危表示忧虑。
With reports of damage to civilian infrastructure, disruptions to essential services and interrupted communication and transport routes, observers are worried about the situation of residents not only in Tigray but all across northern Ethiopia.
专注于政治和法律事务的埃塞俄比亚律师安姆德盖布雷尔·阿德马苏（Amdegebreal Admassu）对德国之声表示，他接到报告称，交战人员袭击了包括医院、学校和宗教机构在内的公共设施。
Amdegebreal Admassu, an Ethiopian lawyer focused on political and legal affairs, told DW he had received reports of fighters impacting public facilities including hospitals, schools and religious institutions.
“我们观察到，这些同时充当居民庇护所的设施要么被意外击中，要么成为故意袭击的目标。”
"We observe instances where these facilities — which also serve as shelters for residents — are either accidentally hit or deliberately targeted.
安姆德盖布雷尔进一步解释说：“根据国际法和我国的刑法，此类行为均被视为战争罪。”
"Under both international law and our country's penal code, such actions are classified as war crimes," Amdegebreal further explained.
提格雷几乎所有人都受到战火影响 非政府组织“埃塞俄比亚人权第一”副主任梅布里希·比尔哈内（Mebrihi Birhane）对德国之声表示，许多此类民用设施在2020至2022年的战争期间就已经受到过冲击。
Nearly everyone in Tigray impacted by fighting Mebrihi Birhane, vice director for the NGO Human Rights First Ethiopia, told DW that many of those civilian facilities had already been impacted during the 2020-22 war.
他说：“即使在战争时期，民众也必须能够获得基本服务。确保这一点是冲突中所有交战武装力量的义务。”
"The population must have access to essential services even in times of war. Ensuring this is an obligation for all armed forces involved in the conflict," he said.
与此同时，由于供应链遭到破坏，商品价格正在急剧上涨，这严重影响了提格雷地区的居民；该地区此前一直未受到直接战斗的影响。
Meanwhile, the prices of goods are reported to be increasing dramatically, as supply routes are disrupted, affecting residents of Tigray whose communities had so far been spared from the direct fighting.
据当地记者报道，提格雷地区的居民纷纷抢购面粉和其他生活必需品。最新消息显示，提格雷武装已经进入阿法尔地区，并控制了埃雷布蒂周边的区域。
According to local journalists, residentsof Tigray have rushed to buy flour and other products The latest reports indicate that Tigrayan forces have advanced into the Afar region and were said to be controling the area around Erebti.
分析人士认为，这一军事行动的目的是为了威胁埃塞俄比亚的主要贸易通道——这条通道对埃塞俄比亚的进出口贸易至关重要，也是该国经济的命脉。
Analysts say this advance could be aimed at threatening Ethiopia's main trade corridor — a vital route used for imports and exports and a lifeline for the country's economy.
如果冲突再次升级，其影响可能会蔓延至埃塞俄比亚以外的地区，甚至整个非洲之角（Horn of Africa）。阿比耶总理已经指责邻国在冲突中选边站队、支持叛军势力。编辑：Sertan Sanderson
The renewed conflict meanwhile could spread beyond the confines of Ethiopia to the Horn of Africa and beyond, as Prime Minister Abiy has already accused neighboring countries of picking sides and supporting rebel forces. Edited by: Sertan Sanderson