一些美国人现在有了新的“邻居”——数据中心。
Some Americans have new next-door neighbors: data centers.
美国建造这些计算设施已有数十年的历史，但近年来随着人工智能（AI）对计算能力需求的不断增加，数据中心的建设速度大幅加快。
The US has been building these computing facilities for decades, but development has ramped up dramatically in recent years as AI increasingly drives demand for computing power.
《Business Insider》整理了一份美国大型数据中心的清单，以展示这些项目的规模。
Business Insider compiled a list of some of these enormous US data-center projects to illustrate the scale of what's being built.
这些数据中心的最小容量为1吉瓦（gigawatt），并且都已经破土动工。
Those on the list have at least 1 gigawatt of capacity and have broken ground.
其中规模最大的是位于德克萨斯州的一个数据中心园区，该园区计划建设高达17吉瓦的电力处理能力；另一个位于俄亥俄州的数据中心则计划拥有10吉瓦的容量，其中大部分容量已被OpenAI公司租用。
Among the largest is a city-sized campus in Texas pursuing up to 17 gigawatts of power capacity. Another in Ohio is aiming to have up to 10 gigawatts of data-center capacity, most of which OpenAI has contracted to use.
作为参考：1吉瓦的电力如果连续供应一年，大约可以为83.5万户美国家庭提供电力。
For reference, 1 gigawatt of electricity continuously supplied for a year could power roughly 835,000 average American homes.
据皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Center）的数据，美国全国共有超过3000个正在运行的数据中心，另有1500多个处于建设阶段，其中大部分位于农村地区。
In total, the Pew Research Center says the US has more than 3,000 operating data centers nationwide and over 1,500 more under development, mostly in rural areas.
根据能源研究所（Energy Institute）2026年发布的《世界能源统计报告》（Statistical Review of World Energy），2025年美国的数据中心消耗了全球数据中心总用电量的近40%，约为313太瓦时（terawatt-hours）——这一电量相当于澳大利亚当年全年的用电量。
According to data from the Energy Institute's 2026 Statistical Review of World Energy, US data centers accounted for nearly 40% of global data-center electricity use in 2025, consuming about 313 terawatt-hours. That's more electricity than all of Australia used that year.
数据中心的规划容量可以大致反映其计算能力，这一点非常重要，因为运行服务器和冷却系统所需的电力及水资源会对当地电网和可持续发展产生重大影响。
Planned capacity is the closest public proxy for how much computing these AI campuses can support, and that's important because the electricity and water needed to run their servers and cooling systems can have major implications for local grids and sustainability.
德克萨斯州和犹他州等地的居民因噪音、房产价值下降以及这些数据中心对周边社区的影响而表示反对。
Residents affected by developments in places like Texas and Utah have pushed back over concerns about noise, property values, and the effects on nearby communities.
纽约州甚至暂时暂停了新建大型人工智能数据中心的建设。
New York has temporarily paused the construction of new large-scale AI data centers.
不过，伯克利实验室（Berkeley Lab）发布的2025年《美国数据中心能源使用报告》预测，到2030年数据中心将消耗美国总电量的11.8%，而2023年这一比例仅为4.4%。
Still, the 2025 US Data Center Energy Usage Report from Berkeley Lab projects that data centers will consume 11.8% of US electricity by 2030, up from about 4.4% in 2023.
甲骨文（Oracle）、SB Energy、xAI、谷歌（Google）和Meta等公司都是数据中心领域的主要开发商和运营商。
Oracle, SB Energy, xAI, Google, and Meta are among the leading developers and operators.
下面将详细介绍一些正在建设的最大型人工智能数据中心园区。
Here's a closer look at some of the largest AI data-center campuses being built.