美国军方周三表示，已完成从伊拉克撤军，结束了针对“伊斯兰国”组织为期12年的任务。最后一批美军撤离了伊拉克北部的埃尔比勒空军基地，巴格达方面将此举视为该国实力增强和主权得到体现的标志。
The US military said on Wednesday that it had completed the withdrawal of its troops from Iraq, ending a 12-year mission against the Islamic State group. The last American troops left the air base in Irbil in northern Iraq, in a move Baghdad presented as a sign of the country’s growing strength and sovereignty.
此次撤军正值美国与伊朗之间持续不断的冲突期间，这些冲突有时会波及伊拉克。尽管伊朗支持的团体对美军撤离表示欢迎，但一些伊拉克人，特别是在库尔德地区的人民，对撤军带来的安全影响表示担忧。
The withdrawal comes amid the ongoing war between the United States and Iran, which has at times spilled into Iraq. While Iran-backed groups welcomed the exit, some Iraqis, especially in the Kurdish region, voiced concern about the security impact of the departure.
五角大楼发言人肖恩·帕内尔在一份声明中表示，美军及其装备已从位于伊拉克半自治库尔德地区的埃尔比勒空军基地“有序撤离”。他说：“这一里程碑反映了为期12年的行动取得了成功，该行动在伊拉克及整个地区击败了作为有组织军事威胁的‘伊斯兰国’。这也标志着从战时联盟任务向由伊拉克主导、并以更正常的双边安全关系为支撑的安全努力的过渡。”
Pentagon spokesperson Sean Parnell said in a statement that US troops and equipment had completed an “orderly departure” from the air base in Irbil, in Iraq’s semi-autonomous Kurdish region. “This milestone reflects the success of a 12-year campaign that defeated ISIS as an organised military threat in Iraq and across the region,” he said. “It also marks a transition from a wartime coalition mission to an Iraqi-led security effort supported by a more normal bilateral security relationship.”
伊拉克总理阿里·扎伊迪主持了移交仪式，并将美军撤离描述为“一个新阶段的开始，这个阶段的特征是伊拉克的主权、其机构的实力、其部队的战备状态、决策的统一性以及与朋友之间平衡的伙伴关系”。美军于2003年入侵伊拉克以推翻萨达姆·侯赛因，并于2011年撤离。三年后，应伊拉克当局邀请，美军重返伊拉克，领导了一项规模较小的任务，以打击当时已占领该国大片地区的“伊斯兰国”组织。随着该组织目前已缩减为分散的潜伏小组，华盛顿和巴格达于2024年同意结束该任务。
美军去年已撤离了伊拉克大部分地区的基地，仅在库尔德地区保留了数百人的小规模驻军。
Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi presided over the handover ceremony and described the US withdrawal as the beginning of “a new phase, one defined by Iraq’s sovereignty, the strength of its institutions, the readiness of its forces, the unity of its decision-making, and balanced partnerships with its friends”. US troops invaded Iraq in 2003 to topple Saddam Hussein and left in 2011. They returned three years later after Iraqi authorities invited a smaller US-led mission to fight the Islamic State group, which had seized large parts of the country. With the group now reduced to scattered sleeper cells, Washington and Baghdad agreed in 2024 to wind the mission down.US troops had already left bases in most parts of Iraq last year, with only a small presence of hundreds of troops remaining in the Kurdish region.
自2月28日美国和以色列对伊朗发动战争以来，这些军事基地一直频繁遭到攻击。得到伊朗支持的伊拉克民兵组织还与也门的胡塞叛军合作，对沙特阿拉伯发动了袭击。伊拉克政府最初将9月30日的撤军最后期限与所有非国家武装组织的裁军计划联系在一起；虽然一些较小的民兵组织同意交出武器，但那些与伊朗关系密切的强大武装组织要么拒绝接受这一要求，要么提出了政府难以满足的条件。
Those bases have regularly come under attack since the US and Israel launched their war against Iran on February 28. Iran-backed Iraqi militias have also coordinated with Yemen’s Houthi rebels to attack Saudi Arabia. The Iraqi government had initially linked the September 30 withdrawal deadline to the disarmament of non-state armed groups by that date. But while a few smaller militias agreed to hand over their weapons, powerful groups close to Iran rejected the idea or set conditions the government was unlikely to meet.
后来，阿齐迪（Al-Zaidi）放弃了这一撤军期限，并在本月早些时候对《纽约时报》表示，民兵组织的裁军期限已被推迟至2027年6月。伊拉克库尔德地区的官员表示，由于美国军队的驻军规模早已缩减，美国撤军的影响可能不会立即显现，但他们仍感到担忧，尤其是担心美国防空系统的撤离。库尔德地区政府的佩什梅加部队（Peshmerga）表示，在最近的美伊冲突中，该地区遭受了1000多次无人机和弹道导弹的袭击。
Al-Zaidi later stepped back from that deadline and told The New York Times earlier this month that the deadline for militia disarmament had been pushed to June 2027. Officials in Iraq’s Kurdish region have said the effects of the US withdrawal may not be immediately visible because the American military presence had already been reduced, but they remain worried, especially about the removal of US air defence systems. The Kurdistan regional government’s Peshmerga Ministry said the region had faced more than 1,000 drone and ballistic missile attacks during the recent US-Iran conflict.
声明中称：“在美国撤军的情况下，如果库尔德地区没有获得相应的防御系统，这将是一个令人担忧的问题。”然而，与伊朗结盟的伊拉克武装组织对这一决定表示欢迎。卡塔伊布·真主党（Kataib Hezbollah）的安全官员阿布·穆贾希德·阿萨夫（Abu Mujahid al-Assaf）在一份声明中表示：“将那些被击败的占领军赶出伊拉克，标志着伊拉克完全主权的开始。”
“The departure of the United States from the Kurdistan Region under these complex regional circumstances, without the provision of a defense system, is a matter of concern,” the statement said. Iran-allied groups in Iraq, however, celebrated the move. “The expulsion of the occupation forces, defeated, from the land of Iraq is the beginning of full sovereignty,” Abu Mujahid al-Assaf, a security official with the Kataib Hezbollah militia, said in a statement.
他还警告阿齐迪及其政府不要执行美国的计划，并称：“任何不为人民谋利益的政府都将被彻底推翻。”此次撤军标志着美国在伊拉克的最新军事行动的结束；巴格达方面称这是迈向国家主权的举措，而库尔德当局则对安全问题表示担忧，得到伊朗支持的民兵组织则将此视为自己的胜利。
He also warned al-Zaidi and his government against carrying out American plans, saying that “any government that does not work for the benefit of the people will be overthrown by all means”.The withdrawal ends the latest US military mission in Iraq, with Baghdad calling it a step towards sovereignty, Kurdish authorities raising security concerns and Iran-backed militias hailing it as a victory. With PTI Inputs- Ends