罗马，9月30日——意大利民主党星期三未参加议会委员会就一项打击反犹主义的争议法案进行的投票，凸显了左翼内部围绕这部法律的分歧；该法律被认为可能限制对以色列的批评。
ROME, Sept 30 - Italy's Democratic Party did not take part in a parliamentary committee vote on Wednesday on a highly contested bill against antisemitism, highlighting divisions on the left over a law seen as potentially curbing criticism of Israel.
意大利民主党（PD）一名消息人士称，该党认为法案纳入的“反犹主义”定义具有“分裂性”，并敦促支持该法案的右翼执政联盟修改措辞，但这一呼吁很可能被置若罔闻。
A PD source said the party considered the definition of antisemitism included in the bill was "divisive" and urged the right-wing ruling coalition backing it to change its formulation, but this call is likely to fall on deaf ears.
该法案将把国际大屠杀纪念联盟对反犹主义的定义写入法律，其中将针对以色列的某些批评列为反犹主义的例子。
The bill would write into law the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance definition of antisemitism, which lists certain criticisms of Israel as examples of antisemitism.
批评者称，这一定义可能限制言论自由，压制为巴勒斯坦权利而进行的合法行动，并助长将犹太人与以色列国家混为一谈。
Critics say this definition could restrict freedom of expression, censoring legitimate activism for Palestinian rights and contributing to conflating Jews with the state of Israel.
这场争执反映了意大利左翼在加沙战争问题上的更广泛分歧。PD谴责了暴力，但比其盟友五星运动和绿左联盟（AVS）采取了更谨慎的立场；后两者指控以色列实施种族灭绝，以色列对此予以否认。
The dispute reflects broader differences on the Italian left over the war in Gaza. The PD has condemned the violence, but has adopted a more cautious tone than its allies, the Five Star Movement and the Green Left Alliance (AVS), which have accused Israel of genocide, which Israel denies.
呼吁修改 今年早些时候该法案在参议院通过时，PD多数议员投了弃权票，但一小群人投票支持，暴露了党内的分歧。该法案目前预计将在众议院获得最终批准。
APPEAL TO CHANGE Most PD lawmakers abstained when the bill passed the Senate earlier this year, but a small group voted in favour, exposing divisions within the party. The bill is now due to obtain final approval at the lower house Chamber.
PD众议院党团领袖基娅拉·布拉加上周表示：“我们呼吁多数派倾听我们要求修改这一引发分裂的定义的呼吁，并明确表明，批评以色列政府行为的人不能被指控为反犹主义者。”
"We call on the majority to heed our appeal to change that divisive definition and make it clear that those who criticise the actions of the Israeli government cannot be accused of antisemitism," PD lower house leader Chiara Braga said last week.
党员埃马努埃莱·费亚诺是一名奥斯维辛集中营幸存者的儿子，他支持该法案，并批评PD决定不支持该法案。他表示：“我不会接受把打击反犹主义描绘成批评（本雅明）内塔尼亚胡政府、以色列军队或定居者暴力的障碍。”AVS和五星运动投了反对票。
Party member Emanuele Fiano, the son of an Auschwitz survivor who supports the bill, criticised the PD's decision not to back it, saying: "I will not accept the fight against antisemitism being portrayed as an obstacle to criticism of (Benjamin) Netanyahu's government, the Israeli military or violence by settlers." The AVS and Five Star voted against the proposal.
毫无疑问，对于反犹太主义这样的问题，达成一致表决是可取的，但同样毫无疑问，这项法案必须修改，因为它存在根本性缺陷。”AVS共同领导人尼科拉·弗拉托扬尼表示。
"There is no doubt that on an issue such as antisemitism it would be desirable to have a unanimous vote, but there is equally no doubt that this bill needs to be changed because it is fundamentally flawed," AVS co-leader Nicola Fratoianni said.
该法案的支持者称，2023年10月7日哈马斯对以色列发动袭击以及随后爆发的加沙战争导致反犹太主义事件增加，因此需要采取更有力的保障措施。意大利反犹太主义观察站记录了2025年的963起案件，是2022年报告数量的两倍多。
Supporters of the bill say stronger safeguards are needed following a rise in antisemitic incidents after Hamas-led attacks on Israel on October 7, 2023, and the ensuing Gaza war. Italy's Antisemitism Observatory recorded 963 cases in 2025, more than double the number reported in 2022.