安迪·伯纳姆在2026年9月29日的工党大会上发表讲话。照片来源:Gary Roberts/SOPA Images/Shutterstock安迪·伯纳姆提出的社会护理改革计划可能更为激进。读者们对这位工党领袖的演讲以及他提出的社会护理和养老金制度改革方案反响热烈。
Andy Burnham at the Labour conference, 29 September 2026.
在安迪·伯纳姆的演讲之后,媒体讨论的焦点主要集中在如何定义“社会护理”以及如何估算其成本上(“伯纳姆提出的国家护理服务将如何运作?又将如何获得资金支持?”)。大多数观点认为,任何新的护理体系都会与现有体系类似:服务会外包给大型企业,采用缺乏创新空间的合同;服务目标被严格限定,且往往由薪酬低廉、工作不稳定的外来务工人员提供。
Photograph: Gary Roberts/SOPA Images/Shutterstock Letters Andy Burnham’s social care plans could be much more radical Readers respond to the Labour leader’s conference speech and plans for changes to social care and the state pension triple lock In the aftermath of Andy Burnham’s speech to the Labour conference media discussions are focusing on how to define social care and estimate its cost ( How will Burnham’s national care service work – and how will it be funded?, 29 September Most arguments assume that any new system will look like the existing one, with services outsourced to large companies, using contracts without scope for innovation, with rigidly defined targets, often delivered using poorly rewarded, precariously employed migrant workers.
然而现实是:许多老年人及残疾人士所需的服务(如清洁、餐饮准备、医疗接送、家居维修,以及足病护理、美发、物理治疗、心理咨询或治疗性按摩等个人服务)其实也是其他人所需要的,而这些服务在当地市场早已可以免费获得。
The reality is that many of the services needed by elderly and incapacitated people – such as cleaning, meal preparation, transport to medical appointments, household repairs and personal services such as podiatry, hair care, physiotherapy, counselling or therapeutic massage – are also required by others and are already freely available in local markets.
问题在于,这些服务大多由Uber、Deliveroo或Housekeep等在线平台提供,这些平台并没有解决社会需求的动力。
The trouble is that they are most often supplied by online platforms such as Uber, Deliveroo or Housekeep with no commercial incentive to address social need.
一个可行的解决方案是建立本地服务平台,为所有人(无论年龄或残疾状况)提供这些服务。如果这些平台能确保所有员工都经过适当培训、具备相应资质并通过安全审查,并且他们的车辆也经过适当改造,那么它们一定会受到当地居民的欢迎;居民通过使用代金券来使用这些服务,从而帮助平台分摊成本。对于需要社会护理的人来说,这种方式显然比从头开始建立服务体系或通过大型外包合同来提供这些服务更为经济高效。
One solution would be to set up local platforms that supply these services to anyone, regardless of age or disability. If these platforms made sure that all staff were suitably trained, qualified and security-checked, and their vehicles suitably adapted, they could be attractive to all local residents, whose commercial use of them would help subsidise their costs. Social care recipients could be provided with access to them using a voucher system that would be much cheaper than setting up such services from scratch or bundling them in with huge outsourcing contracts.
在适当的公共监督下,利用平台技术造福公众也将给当地经济带来其他益处。服务将对所有人更好。工人能够提升技能并获得工作保障。而且,正如伯纳姆可能会说的,利润不会被吸走到避税天堂,而是留在“每一个邮政编码区”。
With suitable public oversight, using platform technology for public good would also bring other benefits to the local economy. Services would be better for all. Workers could upgrade their skills and gain job security. And, instead of being siphoned off to tax havens, any profits could remain, as Burnham might put it, “in every postcode Ursula Huws London Andy Burnham’s commitment to a national care service brings welcome clarity to a debate that has too often avoided difficult choices. But before deciding how to pay for care, we must answer a prior question: what should people be able to count on?
乌苏拉·休斯 伦敦 安迪·伯纳姆对国家护理服务的承诺,为一场往往回避艰难抉择的辩论带来了受欢迎的清晰度。但在决定如何为护理买单之前,我们必须先回答一个前置问题:人们应该能指望什么?
Reports that the proposed service may follow Scotland’s model of free personal care raise an important distinction. Removing charges for help with washing, dressing and eating could make a substantial difference. But social care is about much more than these tasks. When we in the coalition government developed the Care Act, we placed wellbeing at its heart. Its purpose extends to dignity, independence, relationships, participation and people’s control over their own lives.
据报道,拟议的服务可能遵循苏格兰的免费个人护理模式,这提出了一个重要的区别。取消洗澡、穿衣和进食等帮助的收费可能会产生重大影响。但社会护理远不止这些任务。当我们在联合政府制定《护理法案》时,我们将福祉置于核心。其目的延伸至尊严、独立、人际关系、参与以及人们对自己生活的掌控。
There is a risk that defining a national care service primarily through free personal care narrows our understanding of what social care is for. The two need not be in conflict. Free personal care could form part of a wider national guarantee, grounded in the Care Act’s wellbeing principle and applying to people across adulthood.
如果主要通过免费个人护理来定义国家护理服务,存在狭隘化我们对社会护理目的理解的风险。两者不必冲突。免费个人护理可以成为更广泛国家保障的一部分,植根于《护理法案》的福祉原则,并适用于成年期的各个阶段。
Casey commission has an important opportunity to help establish that wider promise. The question is whether the new service will simply change what people pay, or also strengthen the care and support that they can rely on to live their lives.
凯西委员会有一个重要机会帮助确立这一更广泛的承诺。问题在于,新服务是仅仅改变人们支付的内容,还是也能加强他们赖以生活的护理和支持。
Paul Burstow Former minister of state for care services, 2010-12 Andy Burnham’s decision that proposals for social care reform will not happen until after the next election is the latest instalment in almost two-decade saga of delays.
保罗·伯斯托 前护理服务国务部长 2010-12年 安迪·伯纳姆决定将社会护理改革提案推迟到下届大选之后,这是近二十年拖延传说的最新一集。
Since a Labour government first committed to social care reform in 2007, we have seen a succession of unfulfilled promises: the discarded Personal Care at Home Act 2010, David Cameron’s part-implemented Care Act 2014, Theresa May’s failed 2017 proposals, and Boris Johnson’s 2019 pledge on the steps of Downing Street to fix social care – delayed under Rishi Sunak, then scrapped by Rachel Reeves in 2024.
自2007年工党政府首次承诺改革社会护理以来,我们见证了一连串未兑现的承诺:被废弃的《2010年个人居家护理法案》、戴维·卡梅伦部分实施的《2014年护理法案》、特雷莎·梅2017年失败的提案,以及鲍里斯·约翰逊2019年在唐宁街台阶上修复社会护理的承诺——在里希·苏纳克领导下被推迟,随后在2024年被蕾切尔·里夫斯废除。
In the years since this saga of broken promises began, both of my parents were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. One of them survives, and our family continues to wait for any meaningful help.
自这场失信传奇开始以来的这些年里,我的双亲均被确诊患有阿尔茨海默病。其中一位仍在世,我们一家依然在等待任何实质性的帮助。
Families living through the reality of the social care crisis do not have the luxury of waiting for another election cycle. Mr Burnham needs to get a move on.
身处社会护理危机现实中的家庭,没有奢侈的资本去等待下一个选举周期。伯纳姆先生必须抓紧行动了。
Dr Ruth Charles Swavesey, Cambridgeshire As a 69-year-old in receipt of 20 years’ teacher’s pension and a full state pension, I say by all means take money from pensioners. Scrap national insurance (a retrogressive tax) and increase income tax. Scrap all age-related tax benefits/exemptions. But please don’t hit the triple lock until the state pension reaches parity with most European states ( Will pensioners be poorer as a result of Burnham scrapping the triple lock?, 29 September ). It is mainly women who rely solely on this inadequate pension, and many of them live alone in rented accommodation. They are the last people who should be asked to make sacrifices.
露丝·查尔斯博士 剑桥郡斯韦西 作为一名领取20年教师养老金和全额国家养老金的69岁老人,我主张完全可以从养老金领取者那里拿钱。废除国民保险(一种累退税)并提高所得税。取消所有与年龄相关的税收优惠/豁免。但请别动“三重锁”机制,直到国家养老金达到与大多数欧洲国家持平的水平(伯纳姆废除三重锁会让养老金领取者变穷吗?,9月29日)。主要是女性完全依赖这微薄的养老金,其中许多人独自居住在租来的房子里。她们是最不该被要求做出牺牲的人群。
Sarah James Monmouth As an 86-year-old, I’m sure I am not alone in having anxiety about paying for a care home if the need arises, and am delighted that Andy Burnham is determined to sort out the system at last. While the triple-lock pension increases are very welcome, I’d happily accept their change into simply keeping up with prices as a trade-off for never having to worry about paying for social care.
莎拉·詹姆斯 蒙茅斯 作为一名86岁老人,我相信我并非唯一一个一旦需要入住养老院就担心支付费用的人,而安迪·伯纳姆下定决心终于理顺这一制度,令我欣喜不已。虽然“三重锁”养老金上涨机制非常受欢迎,但我乐意接受其转变为仅跟上物价上涨,以此为交换,从此无需为支付社会护理费用而担忧。迈克尔·米勒 谢菲尔德
Michael Miller Sheffield