作者：威尔·吉斯邦德。一名飞行员在迪拜航空航班上刺伤同事的惊魂事件，再次引发了一场延续数十年的争论：商用飞机是否应配备视频记录设备。
By Will Guisbond A harrowing incident involving a pilot who stabbed his colleague during a FlyDubai flight is reviving a decades-old debate over whether commercial aircraft should be equipped with video recording equipment.
在事故调查涉及驾驶舱冲突或飞行员操作时，驾驶舱视频能够最清晰地呈现事发经过。商用飞机必须配备音频和数据记录设备，用于记录飞行员的声音以及几乎所有开关和操纵装置的动作，但图像记录设备并无类似规定。
In situations where cockpit altercations or pilot actions are part of an accident investigation, cockpit video would provide the clearest picture of what happened. Commercial aircraft are required to be equipped with audio and data recording devices that capture pilots’ voices and the movement of nearly all switches and controls, but there is no similar mandate for image recorders.
据以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡介绍，在迪拜航空事件中，一架从迪拜飞往特拉维夫的波音737飞机在不到30秒内骤降超过1.4万英尺。乘客和机组人员冲入驾驶舱制服袭击者并稳定飞机，飞机才避免了灾难性后果。
During the FlyDubai incident, the Boeing Co. 737, which was traveling from Dubai to Tel Aviv, plummeted more than 14,000 feet in less than 30 seconds and only avoided catastrophe because passengers and members of the crew stormed the cockpit to stop the attacker and stabilize the aircraft, according to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
对于试图查明事件经过的调查人员来说，这些过程的影像很可能具有不可估量的价值。事实上，包括美国国家运输安全委员会在内的调查机构一直呼吁规定商用飞机必须配备驾驶舱视频记录设备，以其他记录设备作为补充和保障尽管飞行员工会对此表示反对，并担心相关数据会侵犯隐私或被滥用。
Images of these events would likely have been invaluable to investigators trying to work out how the incident unfolded. Indeed, investigative bodies, like the US National Transportation Safety Board, have pushed for mandates requiring commercial aircraft to be equipped with cockpit video recorders as a backstop to other devices, despite pushback from pilots’ unions that have raised concerns about privacy and potential misuse of that data.
去年，印度航空一架波音787“梦想客机”坠毁，造成260人死亡、数十人受伤，相关争论再次浮现。事故初步报告称，飞机撞地前，发动机燃油控制开关曾从“运行”位置被拨至“切断”位置。一名飞行员随后询问另一名飞行员为何移动这些开关，但后者否认是自己操作的。
Last year, the debate resurfaced after the crash of an Air India Boeing 787 Dreamliner that killed 260 people and injured dozens of others. According to the accident preliminary report, the engine fuel control switches were moved from the “run” to “cutoff” positions before the aircraft struck the ground and one of the pilots asked the other why he moved them, though the latter denied doing so.
彭博社今年1月报道称，印度方面的事故调查人员越来越倾向于将飞行员蓄意采取的行动视为这起空难的可能原因，而许多安全专家长期以来一直对此有所怀疑。不过，驾驶舱视频记录仪本可能更清晰地揭示事发经过。
Bloomberg reported in January that crash investigators in India were increasingly homing in on deliberate pilot action as the probable cause of the crash, which many safety experts have long suspected. But video recorders could have offered a clearer picture of what happened.
1999年埃及航空空难是促使美国国家运输安全委员会（NTSB）推动强制安装驾驶舱图像记录仪的事故之一。990航班在飞机突然俯冲后坠毁于马萨诸塞州近海的大西洋，机上217人全部遇难。
An EgyptAir crash in 1999 was one of the accidents that prompted the NTSB’s pursuit of a cockpit image recorder mandate. Flight 990 crashed into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Massachusetts after the aircraft entered an abrupt nosedive, killing all 217 people on board.
飞机的话音和数据记录器显示，在副驾驶开始反复说着一句意为“我依靠真主”的阿拉伯语后，自动驾驶仪被切断，推力杆被推至慢车位置，两台发动机的燃油开关均被拨至“切断”位置。尽管驾驶舱视频记录仪可能具有很高的价值，飞行员工会和部分行业专家仍对相关风险感到担忧，其中包括记录仪被滥用的可能性。
The airplane’s voice and data recorders showed autopilot was disconnected, thrust levers moved to idle and the fuel switches for both engines moved to the “cutoff” position after the first officer began repeating an Arabic phrase that translates to “I rely on God.”Despite the potential value of cockpit video recorders, pilots’ unions and some industry experts remain concerned about the risks, including the potential for misuse.
今年早些时候，NTSB作为调查2025年11月联合包裹服务公司一架MD-11飞机在肯塔基州路易斯维尔发生空难的一部分，发布了一份频谱图分析，相关机构利用人工智能根据该分析重建了驾驶舱音频。NTSB暂时关闭了调查案卷系统的公众访问权限，以删除相关文件。
Earlier this year, artificial intelligence was used to reconstruct cockpit audio based on a spectrogram analysis released by the NTSB as a part of its investigation into the November 2025 crash of a United Parcel Service Inc. MD-11 in Louisville, Kentucky. The agency temporarily closed public access to its investigative docket system to remove the files.
该机构当时在一份声明中表示：“NTSB不会公开驾驶舱音频录音。由于驾驶舱内部言语交流具有高度敏感性，联邦法律禁止公开此类录音。NTSB会认真对待这些隐私限制。”
“The NTSB does not release cockpit audio recordings,” the agency said in a statement at the time. “Federal law prohibits such public release due to the highly sensitive nature of verbal communications inside the cockpit. The NTSB takes these privacy restrictions seriously.”