关于加沙地带局势的最新报告显示，生活在难民营中的约180万巴勒斯坦人（占当地人口的86%）经常面临非人道的生活条件。
A new report on conditions in the Gaza Strip says that the roughly 1.8 million Palestinians in Gaza, or 86% of the population, living in displacement sites often face inhumane living conditions.
丹麦难民委员会（DRC）于周四发布了这份报告。此次报告的发布距离10月7日针对以色列的恐怖袭击（该袭击引发了加沙战争）已过去近三年，距离10月10日达成的阶段性停火协议也过去了一年（该协议本应标志着战争的结束）。
The Danish Refugee Council (DRC) published its findings on Thursday, almost three years after the October 7 terror attacks against Israel that triggered the war in Gaza and a year after the phased October 10 ceasefire plan that was supposed to usher in the war's end.
报告指出：“2025年10月达成的加沙停火协议本应结束平民的苦难，但近一年过去了，停火协议实际上仅存在于名义上而已。加沙地区的流离失所现象并未结束，只是其形式发生了变化。”
"The October 2025 ceasefire in Gaza was supposed to end civilians' suffering. Nearly a year on, it exists largely in name only. Displacement in Gaza has not ended; it has changed shape," the report says.
这些调查结果基于该委员会与加沙五个行政区内的195名流离失所者进行的访谈。关于所谓的“黄线”，丹麦难民委员会有何评价？
The findings are based on group discussions with 195 people living in internal displacement camps across five governorates in Gaza. What did the DRC say about the Yellow Line?
这份题为《被设计所束缚：加沙长期流离失所现象的人道代价》的报告指责以色列自停火协议达成以来一直推行“长期流离失所的政策”。报告认为，实现这一政策的手段之一就是所谓的“黄线”——这条线划定了加沙东部靠近边境的区域，该区域由以色列军队控制，且据报告该边界正不断向海岸方向扩展。
Entitled "Confined by Design: The Human Cost of Protracted Displacement in Gaza," the report accuses Israel of "a policy of protracted displacement" since the ceasefire deal was reached One means of ensuring this, the DRC says, is the so-called "Yellow Line," which demarcates the area of eastern Gaza near the border that is controlled by the Israeli military and is, according to the report, creeping toward the coast.
该非政府组织负责被占领巴勒斯坦领土事务的负责人艾伦·莫斯利表示：“除了导致数十万民众长期流离失所之外，‘黄线’的另一个显著特征就是它持续向西扩展，不断吞噬更多土地，实际上将许多家庭逼迫到加沙领土的30%范围内。”
"In addition to protracted displacement for hundreds of thousands of people, the defining feature of the so-called ceasefire is the Yellow Line which continues expanding westward and swallowing up more land, effectively squeezing families into 30% of Gaza's territory," said the NGO's country director for the occupied Palestinian territories Alan Moseley.
包括联合国在内的其他机构也报告了“黄线”的西进趋势；以色列政府同样承认了这一现象，不过双方对具体细节的描述存在差异。
Other groups, including the UN, have also reported the westward movement of the Yellow Line, as has the Israeli government although some details differ.
上个月，以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡称加沙境内位于“黄线”范围内的区域占加沙总面积的60%，而非70%，但他也表示以色列计划继续扩大这一区域的控制范围。
Last month, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu put the share of Gaza's territory inside the Yellow Line at 60% rather than 70%, but he also said the plan was to expand the area.
刚果民主共和国报告还指出，援助组织“描述称无法在距离该线数公里范围内开展行动，原因要么是通行受限，要么是安全担忧”。报告称，这导致关键援助和物资无法送达更靠近边界的流离失所者营地。报告对流离失所者营地的生活条件说了什么？
The DRC report also said aid organizations "describe being unable to operate within several kilometers of the line, either due to access constraints or security concerns." It said that this led to crucial aid and supplies failing to reach displacement camps nearer the boundary. What did the report say about living conditions in displacement camps?
刚果民主共和国和农业发展协会（PARC）强调了在加沙废墟中如雨后春笋般出现的、往往是非正式的帐篷庇护所和临时营地中存在的一系列重大缺陷。据信，超过八成居民住在这些地方。这些缺陷包括但不限于：80%的受访者报告称，洗涤和饮用都缺水；流离失所家庭依赖户外粪坑；多个家庭共用单个厕所，增加了性别暴力和虐待的风险；不卫生条件加剧了老鼠和啮齿动物滋生；食物短缺且缺乏烹饪基础设施，增加了做饭时烧伤或受伤的风险；疾病和感染在局部迅速传播。
The DRC and the Agricultural Development Association (PARC) highlighted a series of major shortcomings in the often informal tent shelters and makeshift camps that have sprung up amid Gaza's rubble, where more than eight in 10 residents are believed to be living. These included but were not limited to: 80% of respondents reporting shortages of water both for washing and drinking Displaced households relying on outdoor cesspits Multiple families sharing single latrines, increasing the risk of gender-based violence and abuse Rat and rodent infestations exacerbated by the unsanitary conditions Food scarcity and lacking infrastructure for cooking, increasing risks of burns or injury preparing meals Rapid localized spread of illnesses and infections.
例如，仅7月一个月，汗尤尼斯流离失所者营地就记录了4，000多例水痘病例；医疗设施匮乏且不堪重负，仅一半医院和略多于三分之一的基础医疗中心仍在运转；年轻人缺乏或根本没有正规教育，在某些情况下目前已持续近三年；有安全担忧的报告，尤其是男性，因为炮击、无人机和流弹持续存在；未爆炸和未被发现的弹药带来安全风险，尤其是在试图清理废墟或返回人们原本居住地区时；丹麦难民理事会还特别强调，流离失所者营地缺乏场地管理机制。
For instance, more than 4,000 chickenpox cases were recorded in Khan Younis displacement camps in July alone Lacking and overburdened medical facilities with only half of hospitals and just over a third of primary healthcare centers still operational Lacking or non-existent formal education provision for young people, now lasting almost three years in some cases Reports of security concerns, particularly among men, because of the continued presence of artillery strikes, drones and stray gunfire Safety risks posed by unexploded and undiscovered ordnance, particularly when trying to clear rubble or return to areas where people originally lived The Danish Refugee Council also laid particular emphasis on lacking site management mechanisms at displacement camps.
报告指出，目前仅有 36% 的救援站点配备了专门的站点管理人员（通常是国家级非政府组织），这些人员负责协调各项救援服务并监督现场情况。报告还提到：配备此类管理机构的救援站点拥有完善的社区沟通渠道，能够及时发现并解决各种问题（例如化粪池坍塌、供水中断或人行道安全隐患等问题）。以色列方面尚未对这份新发布的报告发表任何评论。
It said only 36% of sites currently had a designated site manager, typically a national NGO, coordinating services and managing conditions. Sites with such partners "have a structured community channel through which a gap, such as a collapsing cesspit, a missing water delivery, or an unsafe walkway, can be identified, escalated, and resolved," the report said. Israel has not yet commented on the newly released report.
刚果民主共和国（DRC）和 PARC 组织提出了多项呼吁与建议，其中一些建议是针对“冲突各方”的，大部分则是针对“作为加沙占领国的以色列政府”的；其余建议则是向“国际社会”以及“捐助者和人道主义机构”提出的。具体建议包括：
What actions did the DRC recommend? The DRC and PARC issued a number of appeals and recommendations, some to "all parties to the conflict," most to "the Government of Israel, as the occupying power of Gaza" and others to "the international community" and "donors and humanitarian actors." These included:
完全履行停止敌对行动的承诺；
切止对平民、人道主义工作者和医疗人员的攻击；
保障人道主义物资的通行及医疗人员的撤离通道；
Completely upholding pledges to cease hostilities Ending attacks against civilians, humanitarian workers and medical personnel Guaranteeing humanitarian access and medical evacuation pathways Supporting the establishment of a UN mechanism to monitor ceasefire violations.
支持联合国建立监督停火违规行为的机制。这些组织还敦促以色列：
The groups called on Israel to "halt the further expansion of the Yellow Line" and to "disclose its current and future route transparently."
停止进一步扩张所谓的“黄线”（即以色列在加沙划定的军事边界）；
透明地公开以色列当前及未来的军事部署计划；
They also urged Israel to cease the construction of permanent military infrastructure in the area and to provide "credible assurance that current troop positions are not intended to be permanent."
停止在该地区建设永久性军事设施，并确保现有军事部署并非长期性的安排；
减少对援助物资的封锁，尤其是那些影响医疗用品、饮用水、卫生设施、害虫控制设备以及燃料供应的限制。
They appealed for fewer restrictions on aid access, particularly so-called "dual-use" restrictions affecting medical supplies, water, sanitation and hygiene items, pest control, rubble removal and fuel.
报告同时警告称：自停火协议签署以来，尽管加沙地区的状况并未得到显著改善，但国际社会及捐助者对该地区的关注度却大幅下降。联合国报告谴责了以色列在加沙的军事行动。
The report also warned that political and donor interest in the situation had declined markedly in the year since the ceasefire, even though conditions had not improved proportionately. UN report condemns Israeli military action in Gaza To view this video, and