Pete Hegseth宣布了一项新的无人机指挥部、将军和海军上将人数削减20%以及由马斯克主导的战争研究。此次变革的范围表明，五角大楼正在进行一次由伊朗战争和未来战场压力塑造的改革。
Pete Hegseth announced a new drone command, senior officer cuts and a Musk-led war study. The sweep of changes signals a Pentagon overhaul shaped by the Iran war and future battlefield pressures.
美国国防部长Pete Hegseth周三宣布了一系列针对美国军队的重大变革，包括设立一个以无人机为重点的新指挥部，并削减20%的将军和海军上将人数。他在“部队现状”演讲中作出这些宣布，并表示五角大楼还将启动一项关于未来战争的研究，研究由SpaceX首席执行官埃隆·马斯克和前共和党众议院议长纽特·金里奇共同主导。
US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth on Wednesday announced a series of major changes for the US military, including a new drone-focused command and a 20 per cent cut in the number of generals and admirals. He made the announcements in his "State of the Force" address and said the Pentagon would also launch a study on the future of warfare led in part by SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and former Republican House Speaker Newt Gingrich.
Hegseth还表示，国防部将设立宗教事务办公室，首次在40年内建造新的军事基地，并朝着让每个军事基地实现自给自足的方向迈进。此演讲是在美国军队与伊朗交战七个月、没有明显结束迹象的背景下进行的，并且在全球范围内采取了一系列行动，包括逮捕委内瑞拉领导人尼古拉斯·马杜罗以及在拉丁美洲对涉嫌走私毒品的船只进行打击，导致200多人死亡。
Hegseth also said the Defence Department would create an Office of Religious Affairs, build a new military base for the first time in 40 years and move towards making every military base self-powered. The speech came as the US military remains seven months into a war with Iran, with no clear end in sight, and after a series of actions worldwide, including the capture of Venezuelan leader Nicolas Maduro and strikes on alleged drug trafficking boats in Latin America that killed more than 200 people.
Hegseth在弗吉尼亚州昆蒂科海军陆战队基地向初级军官和士兵领导人作出这些宣布。这是他连续第二年发表此类演讲，而这并不是五角大楼领导人常见的做法，传统上他们会在更小或更私密的场合向部队和高级官员发表讲话。
Hegseth made the announcements to junior officers and enlisted leaders at Marine Corps Base Quantico in Virginia. It was the second year in a row that he delivered such an address, which is not a usual fixture among Pentagon leaders, who have traditionally addressed troops and top officers in smaller or private settings.
他再次以强调自己通过打击他所称的“觉醒”文化来重塑美国军队为开场。这包括收回多元化项目，审查配备女性士兵的地面作战单位，并启动一项针对男性人员“睾酮缺乏”的新筛查计划。
He again opened by highlighting how he has reshaped the US military by targeting what he called "woke" culture. That has included rolling back diversity programmes, reviewing ground combat units with female troops and starting a new screening programme for "testosterone deficiency" among male personnel.
赫格塞斯宣布成立一个新的四星级军事指挥机构，负责监督自主作战技术和机器人技术的应用与推广，称这是“现代军事史上和平时期最快的军事变革”。他表示：“战争的发展速度远远超过了支持战争所需的各项准备工作的进展速度。”他提到了伊朗使用廉价无人机的情况（这些无人机在为期七个月的战争中曾击毙过美军士兵），并指出乌克兰利用无人机对抗俄罗斯军队的经验对美国军队具有重要的参考价值。
Hegseth announced the creation of a new four-star command to oversee the rollout of autonomous and robotic capabilities, calling it "the fastest peacetime shift in modern military history". He said, "the pace of war is changing faster than the process to support it." He referred to Iran's use of cheap drones, including drones that have killed US troops during the seven-month war, and pointed to Ukraine's use of drones against Russian forces as a lesson for the US military.
赫格塞斯强调：“乌克兰的教训并不在于某种特定类型的无人机能够决定战争的胜负，而在于需要建立一个专门为战争设计的、具备高度适应能力的军事系统。”
"Ukraine's lesson is not that one type of drone wins wars, but rather the need for a purpose-built system that maximises the ability to adapt," Hegseth said.
尽管最近有质疑声（要求驻欧洲的美军无人机作战部队停止相关行动并重新恢复为传统步兵营），这一新指挥机构的成立仍得以推进。后来，美国两党议员要求军方解释这一决策，指出全球战场正在迅速变化，军事战术越来越依赖于无人驾驶系统。
The announcement comes despite questions over a recent order requiring a US Army unit in Europe that specialised in drone warfare to stop those efforts and return to being a traditional infantry battalion. A bipartisan group of US lawmakers later asked the Army to explain the move, saying battlefields around the world are changing quickly and military tactics are increasingly relying on uncrewed systems.
这一新指挥机构的成立正值美国与伊朗在霍尔木兹海峡控制权问题上陷入僵局之际。这场战争迫使美军在该地区投入大量资源（包括昂贵的导弹拦截器）来应对伊朗的导弹和无人机攻击，但这些攻击仍导致美军人员伤亡。
The new drone command was announced as the US remains in a stalemate with Iran over control of the Strait of Hormuz, a key energy shipping route. The war has forced American forces in the region to use hundreds of expensive missile interceptors against Iranian missile and drone attacks, which have still killed and injured US troops.
赫格塞斯再次声称美国军队已经摧毁了伊朗的海军、空军和防御系统，以及许多伊朗领导人和工业设施。然而，德黑兰方面仍持续对美国或盟军的基地发动无人机和导弹攻击，并且仍保留着在霍尔木兹海峡打击商业船只和军舰的能力。
Hegseth repeated claims that the US military had destroyed Iran's navy, air force and defence systems, as well as many of its leaders and its industrial base. But Tehran has continued to launch intermittent drone and missile attacks on US or allied bases, while keeping its ability to strike commercial and military ships in the Strait of Hormuz.
在演讲中，赫格塞斯强调了特朗普政府对国防工业的投资，以及政府敦促承包商加快生产、以扩充美国武器库存的举措。不过专家指出，那些在伊朗战争中遭到重创的关键武器系统至少需要三年时间才能得到修复或替换。
During the speech, Hegseth highlighted the Trump administration's investments in the defence industry and its push for contractors to speed up work to expand US weapons stockpiles. But experts say military contractors will need at least three years to replenish key weapons systems that have been used heavily in the war with Iran.
关于军事领导层的问题，赫格塞斯表示自己已下令将去年春季下令削减的约800个高级军官职位（这些职位原本就占军官总数的10%）进一步削减至20%，这一削减措施将于2027年1月1日正式实施。他称：“我认为这是对军队领导层缺乏责任感的表现，也是早就该进行的改革。”
On military leadership, Hegseth said he had directed the services to double the 10 per cent reduction he ordered last spring for about 800 flag and general officer posts, taking the cut to 20 per cent by January 1, 2027. "I call it accountability and long overdue," he said.
一些国会议员批评了这场战争以及美国武器库存的枯竭情况，并将此次对高级军官的裁减称为一种“清洗”行为，认为这种影响需要多年时间才能消除。来自亚利桑那州的民主党参议员马克·凯利（Mark Kelly）曾是一名海军战斗机飞行员，他表示：“他对军队领导层存在某种根深蒂固的不满；他正在‘清洗’那一代优秀的军事领导者，而军队要恢复元气也需要整整一代人的时间。”
Some members of Congress have criticised the war and the depletion of munitions stockpiles, while describing the planned cuts to senior officers as a "purge" that would take years to reverse. Senator Mark Kelly, a Democrat from Arizona and a former Navy combat pilot, said, "He's got some kind of like deep-seated grievance about leadership in the military. He's purging a generation of great leaders of the military, and it's going to take a generation to recover from it."
南达科他州的共和党参议员迈克·朗兹（Mike Rounds）是参议院军事委员会成员，他表示：“如果这次裁减只是为了精简高层管理职位，或许确实有一定合理性，但我希望先看到具体的实施方案。”此外，赫格塞斯还宣布将开展一项关于未来战争形态的研究，该研究由马斯克（Elon Musk）、金里奇（Newt Gingrich）以及安杜里尔工业公司（Anduril Industries）的联合创始人帕尔默·卢基（Palmer Luckey）共同主持。
Republican Senator Mike Rounds of South Dakota, a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, said, "If it's simply a matter of eliminating a very heavy top, there may be some validity to it, but I want to see it first." Hegseth also announced a study on the future of warfare to be led by Musk, Gingrich and Palmer Luckey, co-founder of Anduril Industries.
他强调，这项研究的重点将是“发现、开发并部署我们的子孙后代在其有生之年所需的武器和军事系统”，并补充说美国必须能够在“从地球内部到月球以外的任何战场”上保持主导地位。
He said the work "will be focused on discovering, developing and fielding the weapons and systems that our children and our grandchildren will need in their lifetimes" and added that the US needed to dominate "any future battlefield, from under the Earth to beyond the moon".
他提到了美国本月确认已在太空部署武器，这是在早先关于俄罗斯等国家可能将武器带入长期由旨在和平利用的条约所覆盖的疆域的警告之后的一个重大披露。在他的其他宣布中，包括一项建设新军事基地的计划，邀请所有50个州竞争容纳1.5万至2万名现役军人。
He referred to this month's confirmation by the US that it had deployed weapons in space, a significant disclosure after earlier warnings about countries such as Russia possibly taking weapons into a frontier long covered by treaties meant for peaceful use. Among his other announcements was a plan to build a new military base, with all 50 states invited to compete to host 15,000 to 20,000 service members.
总的来说，赫格塞斯利用这次演讲勾勒出美国军队的广泛重塑蓝图，涵盖从无人机和未来武器到高层领导层精简、新行政办公室设立和基地扩建等内容，而该国仍陷入与伊朗的昂贵战争以及全球更广泛的军事行动之中。据PTI报道
In all, Hegseth used his address to set out a broad reshaping of the US military, from drones and future weapons to senior leadership cuts, new administrative offices and base expansion, while the country remains engaged in a costly war with Iran and wider military operations around the world. With PTI Inputs