华盛顿，9月30日——美国国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯周三宣布成立一个新的军事指挥机构，该机构将专门负责提升美国军队的自主作战能力和机器人技术应用水平。
WASHINGTON, Sept 30 - US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth on Wednesday announced the creation of a new military command that would be dedicated to building and providing autonomous and robotic capabilities across the US military.
赫格塞斯表示，这个新机构将被命名为“自主作战司令部”（Autonomous Warfare Command），这凸显了战争形态的快速变化，以及推进无人机技术、人工智能应用等领域的必要性。
The command, which Hegseth said would be called "Autonomous Warfare Command," highlights the rapidly changing nature of warfare and the need to make progress on systems like drones and the use of artificial intelligence.
成立新的军事指挥机构并不常见；上一次类似举措是在2019年，当时成立了美国太空司令部。这一举措反映了五角大楼的转变方向：从依赖昂贵的传统武器系统，转向更经济、更依赖人工智能的自主作战系统——这些系统在最近的冲突中发挥了决定性作用。
Creating a new command is not common — the last one was US Space Command in 2019 — and the move reflects the Pentagon's push to shift from costly conventional weapons platforms to cheaper, AI-driven autonomous systems that have proved decisive in recent conflicts.
在弗吉尼亚州匡蒂科举行的会议上，赫格塞斯面向数百名基层军官和士兵发表了讲话，他在讲话中多次批评媒体。他强调，该司令部将由一位四星将军担任指挥官。
Speaking in front of hundreds of junior officers and enlisted personnel at Quantico, Virginia, in a speech peppered with attacks on the media, Hegseth said the command would be led by a four-star officer.
赫格塞斯在题为《军队现状》（State of the Force）的演讲中提到：“战争的发展速度远远超过了支持战争所需的各项准备工作的进展速度。”他还宣布了其他改革措施，包括成立宗教事务办公室。
"The pace of war is changing faster than the process to support it," Hegseth said in a speech called the "State of the Force," in which he announced other changes, including the creation of the office of religious affairs.
他补充说：“廉价的高性能计算资源、超级智能技术以及先进的商业制造技术，使得低成本、高精度的打击手段得以广泛普及。”
"Cheap compute, superintelligence, and advanced commercial manufacturing have enabled the proliferation of low-cost, high-precision strike," Hegseth added.
目前，美国军队共有11个作战司令部，各自负责不同地区和特定任务。
The US military currently has 11 combatant commands, which are responsible for different parts of the world and specific tasks.
专家警告人工智能带来的风险专家们对人工智能技术的无序发展以及可能引发的技术竞争表示担忧，认为这可能会进一步加剧全球安全环境的不确定性。中国和美国作为人工智能技术研发和应用的领先国家，一直在人工智能政策及行业实践方面存在分歧。两国安全专家均呼吁在军事系统（包括核武器领域）中建立相应的监管机制，并寻求各方共识。
EXPERTS WARN OF AI RISKS Experts have expressed fears over the potential for unchecked AI development and technology rivalries that could further heighten risks across the global security environment. Both China and the US — the two major drivers of cutting-edge AI development and its global adoption — have been at loggerheads over AI policies and industry practices. Security experts from both countries have called for guardrails and consensus-building regarding AI in military systems, including nuclear weapons.
美国长期以来一直依靠庞大的军费预算来部署世界上最昂贵的武器系统。但五角大楼内部越来越意识到，这种做法并不可持续。“今天我们需要质量与数量并重，”Hegseth 说。
The United States has long relied on its vast military budget to field some of the world's most expensive weapons systems. But there is an increasing realization within the Pentagon that this is not sustainable. "Today we need both quality and quantity," Hegseth said.
乌克兰战争展示了无人机战争。近年来战争技术迅速演变，这一转变在俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争中被鲜明地体现出来。本来以坦克和炮兵为主导的冲突，正逐渐演变成无人机战争。
WAR IN UKRAINE ILLUSTRATES DRONE WARFARE The technology of war has evolved rapidly in recent years, a shift starkly illustrated by Russia's war in Ukraine. What began as a conflict dominated by tanks and artillery has increasingly become a drone war.
在常规装甲和飞机上处于劣势的乌克兰，转而使用低成本的无人系统进行侦察和打击。无人机估计占俄罗斯伤亡的约70%，使得攻击可以远程执行，降低了飞行员和机组人员的风险。
Outgunned in conventional armor and aircraft, Ukraine turned to inexpensive unmanned systems for reconnaissance and attack. Drones are estimated to account for about 70% of Russian casualties, enabling strikes to be carried out remotely and reducing the risk to pilots and aircrews.
近年来，五角大楼已取得一定进展，包括成立联合跨机构任务组401，专注于对抗无人机。
The Pentagon has in recent years made some progress, including the creation of a task force — Joint Interagency Task Force 401 — that is focused on countering drones.