汉娜·阿尔希罗娃、巴里·哈顿 基辅，乌克兰——乌克兰首都基辅市长表示，俄罗斯的空袭迫使该市横跨第聂伯河的三座桥梁于周五部分关闭，这是莫斯科最新一次试图扰乱该城市生活的行动。
HANNA ARHIROVA, BARRY HATTON KYIV, Ukraine — Russian aerial attacks forced the partial closure Friday of three bridges over the Dnipro River in Kyiv, the Ukrainian capital’s mayor said, in Moscow’s latest effort to disrupt life in the city.
与此同时，乌克兰最高外交官表示，官员们已分别收到来自美国、印度、土耳其和埃及的与俄罗斯实现局部停火的提案。这些提案设想停止对能源基础设施的袭击，此类袭击已导致俄罗斯燃料短缺和乌克兰停电；同时停止对黑海航运的袭击，而黑海航运对于将至关重要的粮食出口运往世界市场至关重要。
Meanwhile, Ukraine’s top diplomat said officials have received separate proposals for a partial truce with Russia from the United States, India, Turkey and Egypt. The proposals envision halting attacks on energy infrastructure, which have caused fuel shortages in Russia and power outages in Ukraine, and on Black Sea shipping needed to get vital grain exports to world markets.
俄罗斯的空袭导致基辅六座公路桥梁中的三座完全或部分关闭，造成了交通拥堵，并似乎是其折磨该市居民行动中的新战术。此前，俄罗斯升级了袭击，打击目标包括公寓楼、超市仓库、加油站和数据中心等。
The Russian strikes forcing the full or partial closure of three of Kyiv’s six road bridges caused traffic logjams and appeared to be a new tactic in its campaign to torment the city’s residents . Previously, Russia has hit apartment blocks, supermarket warehouses, gas stations and data centers, among other targets, in an escalation of attacks.
随着贯穿乌克兰北部、东部和南部、全长约1250公里的战线陷入近乎僵持状态，近几个月来空战日益激烈。俄罗斯在四年多前入侵其邻国，目前没有任何具体迹象表明和平解决方案可能实现。
The aerial war has intensified in recent months as fighting along the roughly 1,250-kilometer front line snaking through northern, eastern and southern Ukraine became virtually deadlocked. Russia invaded its neighbor more than 4 ½ years ago, and there are no concrete signs that a peace settlement might be possible.
然而，根据战争研究所的说法，乌克兰今年在对抗俄罗斯更庞大的军队方面取得了一些进展。
However, Ukraine has this year made some progress against Russia’s bigger army, according to the Institute for the Study of War.
这家总部位于华盛顿的思想库在周四晚些时候发布的一份报告中称，俄罗斯军队在三月至九月期间失去了对近300平方公里（116平方英里）领土的控制。该报告还指出，俄罗斯军队在九月的伤亡人数超过46000人，为今年单月最高纪录。报告未说明乌克兰军队的伤亡人数。
Russian forces lost control over almost 300 square kilometers (116 square miles) between March and September, the Washington-based think tank said in a report late Thursday. Also, it said that the Russian military suffered over 46,000 casualties in September, the highest monthly number this year. It did not say how many Ukrainian troops were killed or wounded.
乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基表示，俄罗斯连夜向乌克兰发射了100多架无人机，袭击了基辅及其他8个地区。其中近一半是采用喷气发动机驱动的无人机，这类无人机极其难以被拦截。
Russia fired more than 100 drones at Ukraine overnight, striking Kyiv and eight other regions, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said. Almost half of the drones were the jet-powered type that are especially hard to stop, he said.
泽连斯基称，有一架无人机击中了基辅的一栋高层公寓楼，导致一人死亡；另有至少4人在其他地区受伤。
A drone hit a high-rise apartment block in Kyiv, killing one person, he said. At least four people were reported wounded elsewhere.
他再次呼吁各国填补国际制裁中的漏洞，并对俄罗斯的贸易施加更多限制。他指出，俄罗斯的无人机和导弹在制造过程中严重依赖外国零部件。
Zelenskyy repeated his appeal for foreign countries to close loopholes in international sanctions on Russia and to add more restrictions on its trade. He said Russia’s drones and missiles are “critically dependent” on foreign components.
泽连斯基还在社交媒体上表示：“实际上，每一架俄罗斯制造的无人机都可以在生产线上就被拦截。”同时，乌克兰也使用自己研发的长程无人机和导弹对俄罗斯的军事工厂及炼油厂进行了打击。
“Every Russian drone can actually be stopped right at the production line,” Zelenskyy said in a post on Ukraine has also bombarded Russia with the long-range drones and missiles it now produces, aiming at military manufacturing plants and oil refineries.
俄罗斯国防部周五称，其防空系统在夜间击落了646架飞越俄罗斯领空（包括克里米亚、亚速海和黑海地区）的乌克兰无人机。
The Russian Defense Ministry said Friday that its air defenses overnight downed 646 Ukrainian drones over Russian regions, occupied Crimea, the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea.
俄罗斯伏尔加格勒州州长安德烈·博查罗夫表示，该州有1人在袭击中受伤；袭击的目标是“工业基础设施”，但并未提供更多细节。
One person was wounded in Russia’s southwestern Volgograd region, Gov. Andrei Bocharov said. The attack targeted “industrial infrastructure,” he said, without providing details.
乌克兰外交部长安德里·西比哈表示，四个国家向基辅提出的部分停火提案中，印度是首次表示愿意参与调解的。
Ukraine’s Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha said the partial truce proposals presented to Kyiv by four countries were the first time India has offered to play a role.
印度正在努力平衡其与俄罗斯的关系，同时加强与美国及其他西方国家的合作。美国针对俄罗斯的新制裁措施可能会对印度（作为俄罗斯石油的主要进口国）征收高达100%的关税。
India is trying to balance its ties with Russia against its growing partnerships with the United States and other Western powers. A new U.S. sanctions package on Russia could impose up to 100% tariffs on New Delhi as a major importer of Russian oil.
西比哈表示，如果俄罗斯停止对乌克兰电网的攻击，同时乌克兰也停止对俄罗斯炼油厂以及通过黑海出口粮食和其他农产品的货船的袭击，基辅方面愿意接受停火协议。
Sybiha said Kyiv is ready to accept a ceasefire if it stops Russian attacks on Ukraine’s power grid — as well as Ukrainian strikes on Russian oil refineries — and on cargo vessels exporting grain and other farm products through the Black Sea.
“我们已准备好就能源和黑海问题达成停火协议，但前提是两者必须结合在一起。即能源和黑海地区的停火，”瑟比加周四对记者表示，相关评论在周五前处于禁发期。
“We are ready for an energy and Black Sea ceasefire, but only in that combination. Energy and a ceasefire in the Black Sea,” Sybiha told reporters Thursday, in comments embargoed until Friday.
他重申了乌克兰关于前线无条件停火的提议。但莫斯科拒绝了停火，称必须达成一项全面的和平协议，而不是临时的休战。
He repeated Ukraine’s offer of an unconditional ceasefire on the front line. But Moscow has rejected a ceasefire, saying a comprehensive peace deal must be agreed rather than a temporary truce.
瑟比加表示，乌克兰正向伙伴国家请求提供约300枚“爱国者”导弹，因为情报部门估计俄罗斯目前储备了600枚弹道导弹，且每月可生产多达140枚弹道导弹。
Sybiha said Ukraine is requesting some 300 Patriot missiles from partner countries because intelligence services estimate that Russia is holding 600 ballistic missiles in reserve and can produce up to 140 ballistic missiles per month.
美国制造的“爱国者”防空系统能够有效防御飞行速度快、俯冲角度陡峭的弹道导弹，但由于伊朗战争的影响，该系统目前供应短缺。
The U.S.-made Patriot air defense systems can effectively defend against ballistic missiles, which fly fast and drop steeply, but they are in short supply due to the Iran war.
瑟比加指出，乌克兰迫切需要资金来签订未来的无人机生产合同，以确保明年初供应不会出现中断。
Ukraine urgently needs funding in order to contract future drone production, so there are no gaps in supply at the beginning of next year, Sybiha said.
基辅今年预计面临约270亿美元的预算赤字，尽管欧盟已承诺帮助其满足财政需求并加强国防。由于高额的军费开支和债务，俄罗斯也正面临经济和财政挑战。哈顿自葡萄牙里斯本报道。
Kyiv faces a projected budget deficit of roughly $27 billion this year, although the European Union has promised to help meet its financial requirements and strengthen its defense. Russia is also facing economic and financial challenges due to high military spending and debt. Hatton reported from Lisbon, Portugal.