在美国对伊朗航空业进行广泛惩罚后，邻国之间的航班已经停止。伊拉克总理星期五说，美国已经给予伊拉克制裁豁免，允许恢复该国圣城之一与伊朗之间的航班。
Flights between the neighboring countries had been halted after broad U.S. penalties on Iran’s aviation industry. The United States has granted Iraq an exemption from sanctions, allowing flights to resume between one of the country’s holy cities and Iran, Iraq’s prime minister said on Friday.
这一许可减轻了伊拉克领导层面临的压力。伊拉克领导层正夹在其最重要的盟友美国和伊朗之间，这两个国家是长期的对手，现在正处于战争状态。
The permission eases the pressure on Iraq’s leadership, which is caught between its most important allies: the United States and Iran, longtime adversaries that are now at war.
截至9月下旬，在美国对伊朗航空业进行广泛惩罚后，伊拉克已经停止了往返伊朗的航班。这激怒了伊朗以及伊拉克境内伊朗支持的民兵。
As of late September, Iraq had ceased flights to and from Iran after broad U.S. penalties on Iran’s aviation industry. That angered Iran, as well as Iran-backed militias inside Iraq.
伊拉克总理阿里·扎伊迪办公室在一份声明中表示，现在，大多数伊朗航空公司将被允许每天在伊拉克圣城纳杰夫和伊朗目的地之间运营总共40趟航班。
Now, most Iranian airlines will be allowed to operate a total of 40 flights each day between the Iraqi holy city of Najaf and Iranian destinations, the office of Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi of Iraq said in a statement.
伊拉克外交部在另一份声明中表示，美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特周四在华盛顿与伊拉克外交部长福阿德·侯赛因会面时同意豁免。财政部没有立即回应就航班恢复发表评论的请求。
Iraq’s foreign ministry said in a separate statement that Scott Bessent, the secretary of the U.S. Treasury, had agreed to the exemption during a meeting in Washington with Fuad Hussein, the Iraqi foreign minister, on Thursday. The Treasury did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the flight resumption.
周四，财政部在一份声明中表示，贝森特和侯赛因就许多问题“进行了坦率的讨论”，包括什叶派前往纳杰夫朝圣、美国对伊朗的制裁以及伊拉克在解除伊朗民兵武装方面取得的进展。扎伊迪承诺在六月前解除该国伊朗支持的民兵武装。
On Thursday, the Treasury said in a statement that Mr. Bessent and Mr. Hussein “had a frank discussion” on many issues, including Shiite pilgrimages to Najaf, U.S. sanctions on Iran and Iraq’s progress in disarming Iranian militias. Mr. al-Zaidi has pledged to disarm the country’s Iran-backed militias by June.
本周早些时候，伊拉克交通部表示，它已赢得美国制裁的“特别豁免”，这将允许国家航空公司伊拉克航空公司飞往伊朗。
Earlier in the week, Iraq’s transportation ministry said it had won a “special exemption” from the U.S. sanctions, which would allow Iraqi Airways, the national carrier, to fly to Iran.
总理声明称，自2011年以来一直受到美国制裁的伊朗航空公司马汉航空不属于豁免范围。美国指责该航空公司为伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队运输人员、武器、装备和资金。
Mahan Air, an Iranian airline that has been under U.S. sanctions since 2011, is not part of the exemption, the prime minister’s statement said. The United States has accused the carrier of transporting personnel, weapons, equipment and funds for Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps.
美国上个月对伊朗航空业实施了广泛的处罚，这是切断伊朗政府赖以维持的收入和经济联系的更广泛行动的一部分。作为措施的一部分，美国财政部表示，任何外国实体“为”伊朗航空公司提供服务，包括通过货运服务，都将面临受到惩罚的风险。新措施严重减少了伊朗平民飞往邻国的航班。
The United States levied wide-ranging penalties on Iran’s aviation sector last month, part of a broader campaign to cut off revenue and economic links that it says sustain the Iranian government. As part of the measures, the U.S. Treasury said that any foreign entity “enabling” Iranian airlines, including through cargo services, would be at risk of punishment. The new measures severely reduced Iranian civilians’ air access to neighboring countries.
伊朗政府谴责了更广泛的运动和航空公司限制，但对伊朗和伊拉克之间航班的取消尤其感到愤怒。这两个国家都信奉什叶派穆斯林信仰，伊拉克是什叶派伊斯兰教最神圣的地点，每年有数百万伊朗人参观这些地点。
The Iranian government has condemned the broader campaign and airline restrictions but has been particularly incensed by the cancellation of flights between Iran and Iraq. The two countries share the Shiite Muslim faith, and Iraq is the site of Shiite Islam’s holiest sites, which millions of Iranians visit each year.
伊朗外交部周五发表长篇声明，呼吁伊拉克采取“适当措施”以回应美国的压力。其他伊朗官员的观点更加尖锐。伊朗最高领袖的外交政策顾问阿里·阿克巴尔·韦拉亚提在社交媒体上直接向总理扎伊迪发表讲话。他写道：“合法性并不来自华盛顿;它来自纳杰夫的土壤和烈士的鲜血。”
Iran’s foreign ministry issued a lengthy statement on Friday calling for Iraq to take “appropriate measures” in response to U.S. pressure. Other Iranian officials had been more pointed. Ali Akbar Velayati, a foreign policy adviser to Iran’s supreme leader, directly addressed Prime Minister al-Zaidi on social media. “Legitimacy does not come from Washington; it comes from the soil of Najaf and the blood of the martyrs,” he wrote.
耶加内·托尔巴蒂（Yeganeh Torbati）是《泰晤士报》的伊朗记者。
Yeganeh Torbati is the Iran correspondent for The Times.