斯德哥尔摩，10月5日--该奖项机构周一表示，科学家卡尔·戴瑟罗斯、彼得·赫格曼和格奥尔格·内格尔因“有关光门控离子通道和光遗传学的发现”而荣获2026年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
STOCKHOLM, Oct 5 - Scientists Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel won the 2026 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discoveries concerning light-gated ion channels and optogenetics," the award-giving body said on Monday.
54岁的美国人卡尔·戴瑟罗斯（Karl Deisseroth）、71岁的德国人赫格曼（Hegemann）和73岁的德国人格奥尔格·内格尔（Georg Nagel）被瑞典卡罗林斯卡医学院诺贝尔奖大会评选，获得金额为1200万瑞典克朗（120万美元）的奖金，如果有多名获奖者，则共享奖金。
Karl Deisseroth, a 54-year-old American, Hegemann, a 71-year-old German, and Georg Nagel, a 73-year-old German, were selected by the Nobel Assembly of Sweden's Karolinska Institute medical university and receive a prize sum amounting to 12 million Swedish crowns ($1.2 million), which is shared if there are multiple winners.
获奖者说，光遗传学“使得打开或关闭活体大脑中单个神经细胞的活动成为可能”。
Optogenetics "makes it possible to switch on, or off, the activity of individual nerve cells in a living brain," the prize-givers said.
“这种方法现在正在世界各地的实验室中使用，以揭示大脑的奥秘。“传统上，生理学或医学奖是年度诺贝尔奖揭晓的开始，物理学、化学、文学、和平和经济学领域的奖项将在未来几天揭晓。
"This method is now being used in laboratories around the world to reveal the brain’s mysteries." The physiology or medicine prize traditionally opens the annual Nobel announcements, with awards in physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economics to follow over the coming days.
最初的五项诺贝尔奖是根据瑞典发明家和实业家阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱设立的，自1901年以来一直颁发，主要是在第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战期间，只有有限的中断。第六个奖项是经济学奖，由瑞典央行瑞典央行于1968年设立。
The five original Nobel Prizes were created under the terms of Swedish inventor and industrialist Alfred Nobel's will and have been awarded since 1901, with only limited interruptions, chiefly during the World War One and World War Two. A sixth award, the economics prize, was established in 1968 by Sweden's central bank, the Riksbank.
该医学奖表彰了过去一个世纪中一些最具影响力的科学发现，包括亚历山大·弗莱明（Alexander Fleming）于1945年获得认可的青霉素研究，以及卡尔·兰德施泰纳（Karl Landsteiner），后者因发现人类血型而于1930年获奖。
The medicine prize has honoured some of the most influential scientific discoveries of the past century, including Alexander Fleming's work on penicillin, recognised in 1945, and Karl Landsteiner, who won in 1930 for his discovery of human blood groups.
去年，美国科学家玛丽·布伦科（Mary Brunkow）和弗雷德·拉姆斯德尔（Fred Ramsdell）以及日本科学家坂口志（Shimon Sakaguchi）因其研究揭示了免疫系统如何保护健康细胞、为癌症等疾病的可能新疗法创造了机会而获奖。
Last year, American scientists Mary Brunkow and Fred Ramsdell and Japan's Shimon Sakaguchi won the prize for work shedding light on how the immune system spares healthy cells, creating openings for possible new treatments of diseases such as cancer.
诺贝尔奖获得者由颁奖机构任命的专家委员会选出。这些奖项在斯德哥尔摩颁发，但和平奖在奥斯陆颁发除外，这一传统通常与诺贝尔在世期间将瑞典和挪威联系在一起的联盟有关。诺贝尔签署遗嘱125年多后，这些奖项保留了许多长期的传统。
Nobel laureates are chosen by expert committees appointed by the prize-awarding institutions. The awards are presented in Stockholm, with the exception of the Peace Prize, which is handed out in Oslo, a tradition often linked to the union that bound Sweden and Norway during Nobel's lifetime. More than 125 years after Nobel signed his will, the prizes retain many of their longstanding traditions.
庆祝活动在12月10日诺贝尔逝世周年纪念日达到高潮，届时获奖者将在瑞典和挪威王室参加的仪式上领奖，并在为他们举办的盛大宴会上受到盛宴的款待。
The celebrations culminate on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death, when laureates receive their awards in ceremonies attended by Sweden's and Norway's royal families and are feted at gala banquets held in their honour.