档案照片——2020年12月8日，在纽约举行的仪式上展示的一枚诺贝尔奖证书和奖章。
FILE - A Nobel diploma and medal are displayed, Dec. 8, 2020, during a ceremony in New York.
斯德哥尔摩——弗朗西斯·哈尔岑（Francis Halzen）因对冰立方中微子天文台的贡献以及发现天体物理起源的高能中微子，于周二获得诺贝尔物理学奖。
Angela Weiss/Pool AFP via AP STOCKHOLM — Francis Halzen won the Nobel Prize in physics on Tuesday for his contributions to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and his discovery of high-energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin.
诺贝尔物理学奖委员会主席马克·皮尔斯（Mark Pearce）在新闻稿中表示：“弗朗西斯·哈尔岑领导了一支由研究人员和工程师组成的国际团队，为我们提供了一件非凡的仪器。他的坚韧和科学远见为一种新型天文学铺平了道路。”周二，哈尔岑从意大利通过电话与委员会进行了交谈。他说：“这是一个巨大的惊喜，我显然没有预料到。”
"Francis Halzen has led an international team of researchers and engineers who have provided us with a fantastic instrument. His tenacity and scientific vision has paved the way for a new kind of astronomy," Mark Pearce, chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics, said in a news release. Halzen spoke to the committee by phone from Italy on Tuesday. "It was a great surprise and I obviously didn't expect it," he said.
哈尔岑表示，此前曾有人预测他会获得诺贝尔奖，但这一宣布仍让他感到“奇怪”。这位82岁的科学家出生于比利时，隶属于美国威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校。美联社试图联系他的努力尚未立即成功。
Halzen said it was predicted before that he would win the Nobel Prize but the announcement still made him feel "strange." Born in Belgium, the 82-year-old scientist is affiliated with the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the U.S. Efforts by The Associated Press to reach him were not immediately successful.
根据冰立方中微子天文台网站的信息，该研究设施位于南极洲的南极点，威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校是其牵头机构。
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a research facility located at the South Pole in Antarctica, according to its website, and the University of Wisconsin–Madison is its lead institution.
中微子是质量小到令人难以置信的微小宇宙粒子。然而，它们无处不在：它们从太阳等恒星中喷涌而出，每秒有数万亿个穿过我们的身体。
Neutrinos are tiny cosmic particles with a mind-bogglingly small mass. Yet they are everywhere: they spew from stars like the sun and trillions zip through our bodies every second.
科学家无法直接看到这些神秘的“幽灵粒子”在周围飞驰。相反，他们测量的是当这些微小粒子与其他物质碎片碰撞时发生的情况，从而产生闪光或带电粒子。
Scientists can't glimpse the mysterious ghost particles zooming around on their own. Instead, they measure what happens when the tiny particles collide with other bits of matter, producing flashes of light or charged particles.
哈尔岑研究了一群稀有的中微子，科学家们认为这些中微子是来自宇宙的信使，为宇宙如何演化提供了线索。他在南极捕捉中微子的研究可追溯到20世纪80年代。瑞典皇家科学院在斯德哥尔摩宣布了该奖项。
Halzen studied a rare gang of neutrinos that scientists consider messengers from the cosmos, offering clues to how the universe evolved. His research into capturing neutrinos at the South Pole dates back to the 1980s. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced the award in Stockholm.
今年的奖金为1200万瑞典克朗（约合120万美元），无论获奖者是个人、小团体还是组织。
The prize money this year is 12 million Swedish kronor (about $1.2 million), whether for an individual, a small group of laureates or an organization.
去年，三位科学家因研究名为“量子隧穿”的亚原子粒子奇特行为而荣获诺贝尔物理学奖。这项研究使得磁共振成像（MRI）设备能够实现超高灵敏度测量，并为更先进的手机和更快的计算机奠定了基础。
Last year, three scientists won the Nobel Prize in physics for research on the strange behavior of subatomic particles called quantum tunneling that enabled the ultra-sensitive measurements achieved by MRI machines and laid the groundwork for better cellphones and faster computers.
今年的奖项于周一开始公布，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了三位科学家，他们的工作促成了一种利用光线帮助揭示大脑运作机制的工具。
The announcements of this year's prizes began Monday with the Nobel Prize in medicine being awarded to three scientists whose work led to a tool that uses light to help unravel how the brain works.
本周的颁奖活动将于周三继续，颁发诺贝尔化学奖；周四则颁发文学奖。周五颁发和平奖后，诺贝尔经济学奖将于周一公布。
This week's awards continue Wednesday with the chemistry prize and literature on Thursday. After Friday's peace prize is awarded, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences will be announced on Monday.