埃隆·马斯克质疑印度亿万富翁穆克什·安巴尼的影响力，因为SpaceX正努力在该国推出其星链（Starlink）卫星互联网服务。马斯克在X平台上发表的言论，加剧了围绕监管延迟的争议。此前，印度政府驳回了他的说法，即强大的商业利益集团正在阻碍其进入市场。
Elon Musk has questioned the influence of Indian billionaire Mukesh Ambani as SpaceX struggles to launch its Starlink satellite internet service in the country. Musk’s comments, which were posted on X, escalate a dispute over regulatory delays after the Indian government rejected his claims that powerful business interests were blocking its entry.
周三，马斯克指责一些未具名的“寡头”阻止星链在印度上线，以维持他们对该国所谓的“垄断性控制”，但他并未指出具体人物，也未提供证据支持这一说法。他将这种所谓的阻挠称为“对印度人民的罪行”，并主张星链可以为缺乏互联网接入的人们带来价格实惠的高速网络。
Musk accused on Wednesday unnamed “oligarchs” of blocking Starlink’s launch in India to maintain what he called their “monopolistic chokehold” on the country, without identifying them or providing evidence for his claim. He called the alleged blocking a “crime against the people of India” and argued that Starlink could bring affordable, high-speed internet to people who lack internet access.
几小时后，印度通信部予以反驳，称其卫星通信监管框架“公平且无歧视”。该部在一份声明中表示，星链和另外两家获得许可的卫星运营商目前都处于“大致相同的监管阶段”。声明还补充说，这三家公司都在接受安全评估，必须完成评估后才能申请频谱——即卫星发送信号所使用的无线电频率。
Hours later, India’s Ministry of Communications pushed back, saying its regulatory framework for satellite communications is “fair and non-discriminatory.”The ministry said in a statement that Starlink and two other licensed satellite operators are all at “broadly the same regulatory stage.”It added that all three companies are undergoing security assessments that must be completed before they can seek spectrum, the radio frequencies that satellites use to send signals.
周四，马斯克进一步质疑了信实工业（Reliance Industries）董事长穆克什·安巴尼的影响力。
Musk went further on Thursday, questioning the influence of Reliance Industries chairperson Mukesh Ambani.
他在X平台上写道：“安巴尼才是印度的真正老板吗？”此前，他声称星链多年来一直遵守印度法规，并质疑为何至今仍未获得许可。
”Is Ambani the real boss of India?” he wrote on X, after claiming that Starlink had spent years complying with Indian regulations and questioning why it still lacked a license.
星链已尝试进入印度超过五年，而印度是一个拥有超过十亿互联网用户的市场。然而，尽管已获得关键监管批准，并于去年与电信巨头信实Jio和巴蒂Airtel建立合作，星链仍未开始商业服务。SpaceX也已组建本地团队为发射做准备，并于12月任命Payoneer前高管普拉巴卡尔·贾亚库马尔负责其在印度的业务。
Starlink has spent more than five years trying to enter India, a market with more than a billion internetrs. But it has yet to begin commercial services despite securing key regulatory approvals and partnering with telecom giants Reliance Jio and Bharti Airtel last year. SpaceX has also set up a local team as it prepares for a launch, appointing former Payoneer executive Prabhakar Jayakumar to lead its India operations in December.
马斯克发表上述言论，是在星链公司商务运营副总裁劳伦·德雷尔出席新德里的电信行业会议——印度移动大会数小时之后。德雷尔在会议上重申了该公司对该市场的承诺。
Musk’s comments came hours after Lauren Dreyer, Starlink’s vice president of business operations, appeared at India Mobile Congress, a telecom industry conference in New Delhi and reiterated the company’s commitment to the market.
“我们随时准备为印度提供服务，”德雷尔表示，并补充说，星链希望帮助实现印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪提出的全国普及网络连接的目标。
“We stand ready to serve India,” Dreyer said, adding that Starlink wants to help realize Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s goal of achieving universal connectivity across the country.
星链表示，其已在印度设立了超过20个网关站点（用于将卫星与互联网连接的地面站），并部署了数百个地面天线。同时，公司也已调整运营方式，以符合印度的监管、安全和数据主权要求。此外，SpaceX将其卫星网络定位为对印度地面电信网络的补充，而非替代。
Starlink said it already has more than 20 gateway sites (the ground stations that link its satellites to the internet) and hundreds of antennas on the ground in India, and has adapted its operations to meet the country’s regulatory, security, and data-sovereignty requirements. Moreover, SpaceX has positioned its satellite network as a complement to — rather than a replacement for — India’s terrestrial telecom networks.
SpaceX最早于2021年尝试在印度推出星链服务。然而，由于印度政府指责该公司在获得必要许可前就“预订或提供卫星互联网服务”，该公司不得不在2022年初退还设备预购款项。
SpaceX first attempted to launch Starlink in India in 2021. The company, however, had to refund preorders for its equipment in early 2022 after the Indian government called it out for “booking/rendering the satellite internet service” before getting the necessary licenses.
此前，星链还曾与印度最大的电信运营商就卫星频谱的分配方式发生过冲突。星链主张通过行政方式分配频谱，而信实Jio则主张通过拍卖方式——这一立场本可能使星链的进入成本更高。最终，印度选择了星链所倾向的方案，决定通过行政方式而非拍卖来分配卫星频谱。
Starlink has also previously clashed with India’s largest telecom operators over how satellite spectrum should be allocated. Starlink pushed for spectrum to be assigned administratively, while Reliance Jio argued that it should be auctioned — a position that could have made Starlink’s entry more expensive. India ultimately sided with Starlink’s preferred approach, deciding to allocate satellite spectrum administratively rather than through an auction.
印度最大的两家电信运营商Jio和Airtel也在推进自己的卫星互联网服务，尽管它们已同意在印度分销星链产品。Jio正与卫星运营商SES合作开发卫星宽带服务，而Airtel则是另一家获得印度许可的卫星运营商Eutelsat OneWeb的重要支持者。
Jio and Airtel, India’s two biggest telcom operators, are also pursuing their own satellite internet services, even as they have agreed to distribute Starlink in India. Jio is working with satellite operator SES on satellite broadband, while Airtel is a major backer of Eutelsat OneWeb, another licensed satellite operator in India.
尽管Starlink在印度推出服务的时间仍不确定，但该公司本周在邻国孟加拉国推出了Starlink Mobile，该服务可将普通手机连接至卫星。
While the timing of Starlink’s India launch remains unclear, the company this week launched Starlink Mobile, which connects ordinary phones to satellites, in neighboring Bangladesh.
Starlink、印度通信部、Reliance Jio和Bharti Airtel均未立即回应置评请求。
Starlink, India’s Ministry of Communications, Reliance Jio, and Bharti Airtel did not immediately respond to requests for comment.