引发了关于美国死刑制度的辩论。专家表示，美国的死刑注射经常因操作失误和能力不足而出现问题。
has sparked debate about the death penalty in the United States, where lethal injections, experts say, are frequently marred by mishaps and incompetence.
派克因在18岁时参与谋杀一名同学而被判处死刑。9月30日，在注射两剂戊巴比妥未能将其处死后，针对她的行刑尝试被叫停。
The attempted execution of Pike, a woman sentenced to death for her participation in the murder of a classmate when she was 18 years old, was called off after two doses of pentobarbital failed to kill her on September 30.
目击者称，在注射死刑药物后，她甚至仍在呼吸、打鼾，并将身体的一部分从绑着她的平车上抬起。派克的律师表示，她已于10月6日在医院恢复意识，但康复之路仍然漫长。
Witnesses reported that she continued to breathe, snore and lift parts of her body off the gurney to which she was strapped even after the lethal injections were administered. Pike’s lawyers said that she had regained consciousness at the hospital on October 6 but faces a long path to recovery.
州长比尔·李宣布暂停该州的死刑执行，并承诺对这起事件进行“全面的第三方审查”。这是田纳西州当局今年发生的第二起因注射死刑失败而叫停行刑的案件。
Governor Bill Lee announced a pause on executions in the state and promised a “comprehensive, third-party review” of the incident, the second case this year in which Tennessee authorities have called off an execution after a failed lethal injection attempt.
当半岛电视台询问行刑尝试为何失败以及是否计划再次对派克执行死刑时，田纳西州惩教局拒绝置评。
The Tennessee Department of Correction declined to comment when asked by Al Jazeera why the execution attempt failed and whether it planned to try to execute Pike again.
尽管该案引起了全国关注，但专家表示，主要通过注射死刑进行的行刑失败尝试在美国死刑执行中是一个令人不安的普遍现象。
While the case has attracted nationwide attention, experts say that botched execution attempts largely carried out through lethal injection, are a disturbingly common feature of capital punishment in the US.
总部位于华盛顿特区的非营利研究机构“死刑信息中心”执行主任罗宾·马赫表示：“对每个人来说，这是一个停下来并真正仔细检查这次行刑出错的所有方式的机会，如果我们还要继续使用这种行刑方法的话，就要为如何前进做出明智的决定。”
“This is an opportunity for everyone to stop and really carefully examine all of the ways in which this execution went wrong and to make good decisions about how to move forward, if we’re going to move forward with this method of execution,” said Robin Maher, the executive director of the Death Penalty Information Center, a nonprofit research group based in Washington, DC.
医学问题 在美国现有的各种行刑方法中，注射死刑是迄今为止最常见的一种。它也是最不可靠的方法之一。
Medical issues Of the various methods of execution in the US, lethal injection is by far the most common. It is also among the least reliable.
自2022年以来，田纳西州、爱达荷州、阿拉巴马州、亚利桑那州、德克萨斯州和俄克拉荷马州等州都记录了至少一次注射致死执行失败的案例，而对1890年至2010年美国执行情况的调查显示，注射致死的失败率是其他所有执行方式的两倍以上。
States such as Tennessee, Idaho, Alabama, Arizona, Texas and Oklahoma have all recorded at least one botched execution via lethal injection since 2022, and a survey of executions in the US between 1890 and 2010 found that lethal injections were botched at more than twice the rate of all other methods.
研究人员将注射致死执行记录不佳归因于多种因素，包括在监狱环境中进行相当于医疗程序的操作却无法获得合格人员的困难。
Researchers attribute the poor record of lethal injection to a number of factors, including the difficulty of carrying out what amounts to a medical procedure in a prison setting without access to qualified staff.
主要医学组织基于“勿伤害”原则，禁止其成员参与执行，这导致监狱只能依赖资历可疑的工作人员或官员来执行该程序。
Major medical organisations bar members from assisting in executions on the basis that it violates their mandate to do no harm, meaning that prisons rely on staff members or officials with dubious credentials to carry out the procedure.
“注射致死具备所有医疗程序的细微之处：所有易出错的特性，所有对精确度的需求。但它被扭曲以适应执行环境的需要，”里士满大学法学院教授、注射致死专著作者科琳娜·巴雷特·莱恩说。
“Lethal injection has all of the delicacies of a medical procedure: all of the error-prone qualities, all of the need for precision. But it has been warped to fit the needs of execution settings,” said Corinna Barrett Lain, a professor at the University of Richmond School of Law and author of a book on lethal injection.
她解释说，她曾目睹执行失败的案例，过程持续数小时，囚犯被针刺超过十余次。“这是一种极其糟糕的组合——一种精细的程序却没有以精细的方式进行。”制药公司也限制其产品用于执行，这使得一些州通过所谓的配制药房获取注射致死所需药物。
She explained that she has witnessed botched executions that drag on for hours and include prisoners being punctured with needles more than a dozen times. “It’s this really bad combination of a delicate procedure that is not performed in a delicate way.”Pharmaceutical companies also restrict the use of their products in executions, meaning that some states acquire drugs used in lethal injection through facilities called compounding pharmacies.
这些配制药房常常配制非商业生产的药物，其生产的药物没有像大规模生产的药物那样受到严格审查。一些州还试图延长现有注射致死药物库存的使用期限，但这些药物可能会过期或出现故障。这些风险因接受注射致死的对象而进一步加剧。
Such pharmacies often prepare medications not manufactured commercially, and the drugs they produce are not as extensively scrutinised as mass-produced medications. Some states have also sought to stretch existing stockpiles of drugs used in lethal injections, though they can become expired or faulty. The risks are compounded by the people the lethal injections are administered to.
死刑犯常常需要等待数年甚至数十年才能被执行死刑。由于许多人年事已高，他们更可能面临健康问题，而这些健康问题可能会进一步使执行过程复杂化。
Those on death row often spend years or even decades waiting for their execution. Since many are of an advanced age, they are more likely to have health issues that can further complicate the procedure.
失败的死刑执行通常表现为无法找到静脉或无法建立静脉输液通道。
Botched executions often feature failed attempts to locate a vein or set an IV line.
尽管州政府官员尚未解释为何派克的死刑执行失败，但她的律师此前曾指出，派克的静脉较细，且患有血液疾病，这很可能导致致命注射难以顺利实施。致命注射结束后，派克的律师称她的双臂出现肿胀和灼伤。
While state officials have yet to offer an explanation of why Pike’s execution failed, her lawyers had previously argued that she had small veins and a blood condition that were likely to complicate a lethal injection effort. After the lethal injections, Pike’s lawyers described her arms as swollen and burned.
死刑信息中心负责人马赫表示，这些症状表明注射的药物可能未能有效进入她的血液循环系统。
Maher, the head of the Death Penalty Information Center, said those symptoms suggest the injection may not have properly reached her bloodstream.
“所有人都推测，药物虽然已经注入她的体内，但进入血液的量不足以杀死她，”她说，“很可能是她的静脉被破坏，或者针头穿透了静脉。”
“Everyone has speculated that the drugs were administered to her but did not enter her bloodstream in sufficient amounts to kill her,” she said. “It’s likely that her veins were blown, or that the needle went through the vein.”