叙利亚苏韦达，10月2日——由于阿萨德下台后上台的伊斯兰主义政府与那些效忠以色列、掌控着这片远离中央政府控制区域的德鲁兹派领袖之间矛盾日益加深，叙利亚苏韦达省的年轻人无法继续升学。
SWEIDA, Syria Oct 2 - Young people in Syria's Sweida province are unable to progress through school and university due to a deepening rift between the post-Assad Islamist government and the Israel-aligned Druze leaders of the last area outside central control.
他们的困境折射出该省深重的创伤与持续的不稳定局势。去年，与政府有关联的武装力量在该地制造了宗派暴力事件，导致数百名德鲁兹派民众丧生；以色列则以保护这一少数族裔为由，对叙利亚的军事目标发动了袭击。
Their dilemma reflects deep trauma and lingering instability in the province, where hundreds of Druze were killed last year in sectarian violence by government-linked forces and Israel struck Syria's military, saying it was defending the minority.
玛拉姆·阿布·哈姆拉曾怀揣着在叙利亚北部城市阿勒颇学习建筑学的梦想，但如今她已在苏韦达待了一年多，因恐惧而不敢重返政府控制的地区。
Maram Abu Hamra had been pursuing her dream of studying architecture in Syria's northern city of Aleppo but has been back in Sweida for more than a year, too afraid to return to government-held territory.
这位20岁的姑娘对路透社说道：“每个学生都曾梦想成为工程师、医生、艺术家，或是实现任何自己渴望的目标。然而如今，悲伤、恐惧与怨恨却占据了他们的内心。”
"Every student had a dream of being an engineer, a doctor, an artist -- or anything that they can achieve. But sadness, fear and resentment took control instead," the 20-year-old told Reuters.
苏韦达是叙利亚约70万德鲁兹派民众的主要聚居地，位于该国西南部，与约旦接壤。目前该地区大部分由谢赫·希克马特·哈贾里领导的武装力量控制。这位德鲁兹派宗教领袖在8月份的一段视频中宣称，他的族群“是以色列国家不可分割的一部分”。
SWEIDA LEADER SAYS DRUZE ARE 'PART OF ISRAEL' Sweida, home to many of the estimated 700,000 Druze in Syria, lies in the southwest, bordering Jordan. Most of it is now controlled by forces loyal to Sheikh Hikmat al-Hajari, a Druze cleric who declared his community 'part and parcel of the state of Israel' in an August video.
面对以色列境内德鲁兹派发出的援助叙利亚同胞的呼吁，以色列领导人多次以保护德鲁兹派为由对叙利亚发动袭击。
Facing calls from Israeli Druze to help Syrian Druze, Israeli leaders have cited protecting them as a reason for attacking Syria repeatedly.
叙利亚总统艾哈迈德·沙拉阿致力于在2024年推翻长期执政的巴沙尔·阿萨德后修复该国与西方的关系，并誓言要将叙利亚全境重新统一在单一政权之下。
Syria's President Ahmed al-Sharaa, who aims to restore the country's relations with the West after overthrowing longtime ruler Bashar al-Assad in 2024, has vowed to reunite Syrian territory under a single leadership.
然而，许多德鲁兹派民众并不相信他能保障自身权益。这一群体属于阿拉伯人，所信奉的伊斯兰教派被部分逊尼派穆斯林视为异端。他们指出，沙拉阿此前曾与“基地”组织有联系，去年还发生了大规模屠杀事件，这些都令他们心存疑虑。
But many Druze, Arabs who follow a branch of Islam seen as heretical by some Sunni Muslims, do not trust assurances that he will protect their rights, citing his earlier links with al Qaeda as well as last year's mass killings.
“我想说的是，我们的担忧是有道理的。因为不久前就发生过类似事件，距离现在还不到一年，”法赫德·阿布·萨阿德说道。他的儿子和女儿今年都未能参加期末考试。
"What I want to say is that our fear is justified, because there are past incidents that were not that long ago, that were barely a year ago," said Fahed Abu Saad, whose son and daughter missed their final exams this year.
去年，由于发生了多起杀戮事件，叙利亚当局首先取消了苏韦达省的高中及大学入学考试。此后，叙利亚政府军从苏韦达大部分地区撤出，而哈贾里则禁止他们重返当地，这进一步坚定了他反对与政府融合的立场，并组建了名为“国民卫队”的武装组织。
Syrian authorities first cancelled exams for high school and university entry in Sweida last year as a result of the killings. Syrian government troops withdrew from most of Sweida and Hajari barred them from returning, hardening his stance against integration and founding an armed faction called the National Guard.
今年早些时候，叙利亚东北部的库尔德当局在政府快速军事攻势后开始推动地区整合。自此，哈贾里控制的区域便成了唯一不受政府控制的地带。即便如此，当地的库尔德人仍致力于保留用母语进行教学的传统。
Hajari's areas are now the only ones outside government control, after Kurdish authorities in Syria's northeast began integrating earlier this year following a lightning government offensive. Even there, Syria's Kurds are seeking to preserve schooling in their mother tongue.
根深蒂固的不信任情绪依然存在：2025年，许多在叙利亚其他地区求学的德鲁兹派学生返回了苏韦达。但今年，考试再次受到干扰，政府与德鲁兹派势力再度互相指责。
DEEP DISTRUST LINGERS Many Druze students studying in other parts of Syria returned to Sweida in 2025. But this year, student exams were disrupted again, with the government and Druze factions trading blame once more.
春季时，大马士革方面提议派遣监考员前往苏韦达监督考试，然而部分德鲁兹派人士认为此举意在重新部署政府军。
In the spring, Damascus offered to send proctors into Sweida to supervise exams, but some Druze saw it as an attempt to redeploy government forces.
据苏韦达省政府媒体事务负责人库泰巴·阿扎姆称，当地武装势力曾对监考员发出威胁，但路透社无法独立核实这一说法。
Qutaiba Azzam, the government's media relations director for Sweida province, said local factions threatened the proctors, a claim Reuters could not independently verify.
8月份，大马士革又提议让哈贾里控制区的学生在目前由政府掌控的苏韦达省北部地区参加考试。这一提议却引发了学生及其家长的恐慌。
In August, Damascus proposed that students from Hajari-held areas take their exams in a northern part of Sweida province now held by the government. But that spooked students and their parents.
“我们绝不能害怕让孩子前往北部乡村地区，可教育部却可以害怕自己的工作人员来到这里，”阿布·萨阿德说道。
"It is not allowed for us to be scared that our children go to the northern countryside, but it is allowed for the ministry of education to be scared for its envoys to come here," Abu Saad said.
部分德鲁兹派民众至今仍对2025年的杀戮事件心有余悸，他们担心哈贾里的武装力量会将那些为参加考试而前往政府控制区的学生视为叛徒。
Some Druze, still shaken by the 2025 killings, fear Hajari's forces would label students as traitors for travelling into government-held territory for the exams.
由政府任命的苏韦达省官员塔雷克·阿德万对路透社表示，苏韦达市内的武装派别袭击了原本用于运送考生前往考场的巴士。不过，路透社无法独立核实这一说法。
Government-appointed provincial official Tarek Adwan told Reuters armed factions in Sweida city had attacked buses meant to carry students to their exams, a claim Reuters could not independently verify.
哈贾里的办公室未回复多次发出的置评请求。叙利亚教育部也拒绝发表评论。
Hajari's office did not reply to repeated requests for comment. Syria's education ministry declined to comment.
根据叙利亚官方通讯社公布的政府数据，今年苏韦达省共有13,700名中学生，但仅有150人得以参加升学考试，这些考试是他们升入高中或大学所必需的。
Only 150 of 13,700 school students in Sweida managed to take exams this year that they need to progress into high school or university, according to government figures shared on Syria's state news agency.
其余学生，以及像阿布·哈姆拉这样的大学生，都陷入了进退两难的境地，整个苏韦达省也处于同样的状态。
The rest -- as well as university students like Abu Hamra -- remain in limbo, along with the Sweida province as a whole.
长期以来，该地区一直享有相当大的自治权，即便是在这场导致数十万叙利亚人丧生、数百万人流离失所的近14年内战期间也是如此。
The area has traditionally been fairly autonomous, including during the nearly 14-year civil war that killed hundreds of thousands of Syrians and forced millions from their homes.
去年，叙利亚政府、约旦和美国共同商定了一项包含七个步骤的解决方案以化解苏韦达地区的争端，但联合国在6月份称相关努力“毫无进展”。
Syria's government, Jordan and the United States agreed last year on a seven-step roadmap to resolve the Sweida dispute, but the United Nations said in June that it had made "no progress." REUTERS