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教宗良寻求了解方济各对离婚再婚天主教徒争议性开放政策的现状Pope Leo seeks status update of Francis' divisive opening to divorced and remarried Catholics

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尼科尔·温菲尔德(Nicole Winfield)/梵蒂冈城:在教皇方济各通过向离婚后重新结婚的天主教徒伸出援手而引发轩然大波十年之后,教皇利奥十四世将于下周邀请教会领袖们前往罗马,了解方济各的教义文件究竟是如何被实际执行的。

NICOLE WINFIELD VATICAN CITY — Ten years after Pope Francis sent shock waves through the Catholic Church with his outreach to divorced and civilly remarried Catholics, Pope Leo XIV is inviting church leaders to Rome next week to understand how Francis’ document has been implemented.

梵蒂冈官员周五强调,方济各于2016年发布的《爱的喜乐》(The Joy of Love)这份文件不得被修改、修订或废除。这次为期一周的闭门会议旨在探讨主教们是如何将文件中的教义融入当地教区的。

Vatican officials on Friday stressed that Francis’ 2016 text “The Joy of Love” isn’t up for rewriting, amending or scrapping. Rather, the weeklong closed-door conference starting Wednesday is meant to understand how bishops have incorporated the document’s teaching into their local communities.

该文件涉及诸多议题,旨在探讨天主教会如何更好地为当代家庭提供服务。然而,在经过多年讨论后发布的这份文件立即引发了争议——因为它允许离婚后重新结婚的天主教徒领受圣体(即基督的圣餐)。

Francis’ document covers a host of issues relating to how the Catholic Church can better minister to families today. But when it was released after a yearslong consultation, “The Joy of Love” immediately sparked controversy because it opened the door to letting civilly remarried Catholics receive Communion.

根据教会传统,除非这些天主教徒获得婚姻无效的正式宣告(即“婚姻无效的教会判决”,否则他们不能领受圣体,因为他们被视为生活在罪中、犯了通奸罪。

Church teaching holds that unless these Catholics obtain an annulment — a church decree that their first marriage was invalid — they cannot receive the sacraments, since they are seen as living in sin and committing adultery.

方济各并未为这些天主教徒制定统一的教会政策,但他以模糊的措辞以及一个精心安排的脚注暗示:主教和神父可以在个别情况下,通过陪伴他们进行灵性反思的过程后,允许他们领受圣体。

Francis didn’t create a church-wide pass for these Catholics, but suggested — in vague terms and a single, strategically placed footnote — that bishops and priests could do so on a case-by-case basis after accompanying them on a spiritual journey of discernment.

后续的言论和著作进一步明确了方济各的意图——他认为上帝的慈悲尤其惠及罪人,而圣体并非为完美之人准备的“奖赏”,而是为软弱之人提供的慰藉。

Subsequent comments and writings made clear Francis intended such wiggle room, part of his belief that God’s mercy extends in particular to sinners and that the Eucharist isn’t a prize for the perfect but nourishment for the weak.

这份文件成为方济各任期内最具争议性的文件之一,也成为保守派反对其教宗职位的核心焦点。许多保守派天主教徒认为它混淆了信徒们对教会关于婚姻不可解除性的传统教义;有些人甚至指责方济各犯有异端之罪。

The document became one of the most divisive of Francis’ pontificate and in many ways became the focal point of conservative opposition to his papacy. Mostly conservative Catholics said it had sown confusion among the faithful about the church’s teaching on the indissolubility of marriage. Some even accused Francis of heresy .

周五,梵蒂冈官员表示,是否讨论方济各文件中的具体要点以及如何讨论,将由187名与会者自行决定,并强调没有预先写好的最终文件。

On Friday, Vatican officials said it would be up to the 187 participants whether specific points of Francis’ document would be discussed and how, insisting there was no prewritten final document.

“我们无法预见主教们的反思和经验将产生哪些主题,”负责此次会议组织的梵蒂冈家庭办公室副秘书长加布里埃拉·甘比诺说道。

“We can’t foresee what themes will emerge from the bishops’ reflections, from their experiences,” said Gabriella Gambino, undersecretary in the Vatican’s family office, which is organizing the meeting.

梵蒂冈主教会议办公室的贾科莫·科斯塔神父表示,10月7日至14日的会议并非延续此前为方济各文本提供咨询的家庭主教会议,也不是重写该文本的机会。

The Rev. Giacomo Costa, of the Vatican’s synod office, said the Oct. 7-14 meeting was not a continuation of the synod on the family that provided the consultation leading to Francis’ text or a chance to rewrite it.

他在梵蒂冈的新闻简报会上表示:“这本身不是主教会议的延续,而是一个评估我们当前所处位置的机会。这并不意味着像在学校里那样做出评判——赞扬或批评文本本身——而是从自其发布以来获得的经验中学习。”他表示,组织者预计会出现分歧、意见不合、紧张局势和未决问题。

“This is not a continuation of the synod itself, but rather an opportunity to assess where we stand,” he told a Vatican briefing. “It does not mean passing judgment as in school — praising or criticizing the text itself — but rather learning from the experience gained since its publication.”He said organizers expect differences, disagreements, tensions and open questions to emerge.

他说:“我们不想达成人为的共识”,但他补充说,预计将发布一份最终总结。

“We don’t want to arrive at an artificial consensus,” he said, though he added a final summary was expected to be published.

美联社的宗教报道通过美联社与The Conversation US的合作获得支持,资金来自利利基金会。美联社对本内容负全部责任。

Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP’s collaboration with The Conversation US, with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.