最高法院本周暂时批准特朗普政府继续执行其第三国驱逐政策，与此同时，美国国土安全部（DHS）的首席律师正公开为这一移民管理权力辩护。特朗普政府称，历任总统基本都未启用这项权力。当一名可被驱逐的外国人无法被遣返回其原籍国，或该国拒绝接收时，国土安全部越来越多地采用所谓的“第三国”驱逐方式。
The Supreme Court temporarily cleared the Trump administration to continue its third-country deportation policy this week, as DHS’ top lawyer mounts a public defense of an immigration authority the administration says previous presidents largely left dormant. DHS has increasingly used so-called "third-country" removals when a removable alien cannot be returned to their home country or that country refuses to take them back — part of what agency General Counsel James Percival describes as a broader Trump strategy of reviving immigration authorities already on the books.
该机构总法律顾问詹姆斯·珀西瓦尔（James Percival）将此举描述为特朗普更广泛策略的一部分，即重新启用法律中早已存在的移民管理权力。“想象一下，你去一个国家说：‘嘿，我们这儿有个人，他不是你们的人，而且他还是个强奸犯，但他能在那里生活吗？’”珀西瓦尔对福克斯新闻数字频道表示。“这可不是一个容易提出的要求。这需要巨大的外交努力……挪威可不会接收来自古巴的强奸犯。”
"Imagine going to a country and saying, hey, we've got a guy, he's not your guy, and he's a rapist, but can he please live there?" Percival told Fox News Digital. "That's not an easy ask. It requires significant diplomatic energy… Norway is not taking a rapist from Cuba."
特朗普驱逐非法移民的特殊策略为他提供了另一项执法工具。周二，最高法院法官暂停了一项下级法院对国土安全部政策限制性的判决，允许政府的指导方针在法院审理案件实质内容期间继续生效。双方定于12月就国土安全部程序是否符合联邦移民法、正当程序以及反酷刑保障等问题展开辩论。此案并未直接挑战国土安全部实施第三国驱逐的底层权力，而是质疑其事先必须遵循的程序。
TRUMP’S SPECIAL STRATEGY TO DEPORT ILLEGALS GIVES HIM ANOTHER TOOL FOR ENFORCEMENT The justices on Tuesday stayed a lower-court judgment restricting DHS’s policy, allowing the administration’s guidance to remain in effect while the Court considers the case on the merits. Arguments are set for December over whether agency procedures comply with federal immigration law, due process and safeguards against torture. The case does not squarely challenge DHS’s underlying authority to conduct third-country removals, but rather the procedures it must follow beforehand.
“法律中明确写道，我们可以这样做，”他说。“如果你回去仔细阅读大部分移民法律，就会发现其中有很多非常有效的工具，只是人们从未使用过。”
"It’s in the statute expressly that we can do this," he said. "If you go back and read most of the immigration laws, there's a lot of really good tools in there that people just haven't used."
这项第三国条款包含在1996年由国会通过并由总统比尔·克林顿签署的一项重大移民改革法案中，即《非法移民改革与移民责任法》（IIRIRA）。珀西瓦尔评论道：“政府中的许多人对待自己的权力，就像对待一套精致的瓷器一样。他们害怕一旦真正使用这些权力，就会有人将其夺走。”
The third-country provision was included in a major immigration reform package passed by Congress and signed by President Bill Clinton in 1996: the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA). "A lot of people in government sort of treat their authority like fine china," Percival remarked. "They're afraid if they ever actually use it, someone will take it away.
如果你曾经拥有过精致的瓷器，或许会发现自己仿佛置身于生命的尽头，因为害怕打碎它而从未使用过。特朗普围绕鲜少使用的18世纪驱逐出境法展开的斗争，在最新的法庭交锋中仍在继续。然而，珀西瓦尔的策略也招致了人权倡导者的强烈反对。他们最近指出，被驱逐者据称在赤道几内亚遭到当局殴打。赤道几内亚是位于非洲大西洋沿岸的一个小国，自1979年以来一直由总统特奥多罗·奥比昂掌控。
And if you've ever owned fine china, it's like you can find yourself at the end of your life and you were so afraid you would break it you never used it." TRUMP’S FIGHT OVER RARELY USED 18TH-CENTURY DEPORTATION LAW LIVES ON IN LATEST COURT CLASH But Percival’s strategy has not come without blowback from human rights advocates, who pointed most recently to allegations that deportees were beaten by authorities in Equatorial Guinea, a tiny nation on Africa’s Atlantic coast that has been under the control of President Teodoro Obiang since 1979. Obiang's government received $7.5 million from Washington as part of an agreement with Malabo to accept third-country deportations.
作为与马拉博达成的一项协议的一部分，奥比昂政府从华盛顿获得了750万美元，用于接收第三国的驱逐人员。“我也宁愿生活在美国，而不是赤道几内亚，但我是美国公民，而且我从未杀过人，”珀西瓦尔说。拘留问题部分源于最高法院2001年对一起案件的裁决：一名无国籍的合法居民因有犯罪记录而被政府下令驱逐。
"I’d rather live in the United States than Equatorial Guinea too, but I’m an American citizen and I haven’t killed anybody," Percival said. The detention issue traces in part to the Supreme Court’s 2001 decision in a case involving a stateless legal resident whom the government ordered deported due to his criminal record.
凯斯图蒂斯·扎德维达斯出生于立陶宛父母，当时身处一个德国的流离失所者营地，但立陶宛和德国都拒绝接收他。法院裁定，驱逐后的六个月拘留时间可被推定为合理；若在此之后仍无法合理预见驱逐结果，则继续拘留可被质疑。珀西瓦尔正通过他在X平台上的“每日被驱逐者”系列文章公开提出这一论点，重点讲述那些原籍国拒绝接收的有犯罪记录的被驱逐者。
Kestutis Zadvydas was born to Lithuanian parents in a German displaced- persons camp, but neither Lithuania nor Germany would accept him. The court held that six months of post-removal detention is presumptively reasonable, after which continued detention can be challenged if removal is not reasonably foreseeable. Percival is making that case publicly through his "Daily Deportee" series on X, highlighting criminal deportees whose home countries will not accept them.
。“如果一个人是儿童强奸犯，并且已经服刑20年，我们只有两个选择：找到一个第三国，或者让他回到美国社区生活，”他说，并补充道，此举旨在引导公众理解这一问题，并凸显其重要性。珀西瓦尔还提到了缅甸籍公民基亚·米亚，他的祖国拒绝接收他回国。
"If the person is a child rapist and serves 20 years, we have two choices: Find a third country — or let the child rapist go live in an American community," he said, adding that the effort is intended to shape public understanding of the issue and highlight its stakes. Percival cited Burmese national Kyaw Mya, whose home country won’t take him back. feature involves a migrant who committed a violent crime, was not removed by the Bush administration after serving time and then allegedly reoffended after his release: "[He] tried to kill somebody, the gun misfired, so he pistol-whipped them instead. He served time for that.
该报道涉及一名移民，他犯下了一起暴力犯罪，在服完刑期后并未被布什政府驱逐出境，据称在出狱后又再次犯罪：“他试图杀死一个人，但枪没有打响，于是他就用枪柄殴打了对方。他因此入狱服刑，后来又被释放了。”珀西瓦尔解释道。随着美国国土安全部继续寻求利用《移民和国籍法》（IIRIRA）及其他法律中尚未充分利用的工具，珀西瓦尔向非法移民和具有犯罪记录的永久居民指出了另一个经常被提及的选择，而国土安全部部长马克韦恩·穆林也持续保留这一选项：“现在还不晚，你可以拿到3000美元，然后飞回家。”
He got out," Percival explained. As DHS continues seeking to use underutilized tools in the IIRIRA and other laws, Percival pointed illegal immigrants and criminal resident aliens to another oft-repeated option that Homeland Security Secretary Markwayne Mullin continues to keep on the table: "It’s not too late to get $3,000 and a flight home."