印度因选民名单变更而引发的抗议活动正在印度各地蔓延，要求该国选举负责人辞职。反对党和民间社会团体希望首席选举专员吉亚什·库马尔因涉嫌操纵选民名单而辞职。
India over voter list changes Protests are spreading across India demanding the resignation of the country’s election chief. Opposition parties and civil society groups want Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar to resign over alleged voter list manipulation.
新德里--过去一周，抗议活动蔓延到印度各地，反对党和民间社会团体要求该国选举负责人因涉嫌操纵选民名单而辞职。这场运动在一定程度上是由印度“蟑螂”青年运动领导的，该运动此前曾组织街头抗议活动，迫使教育部长于7月辞职。
SHEIKH SAALIQ NEW DELHI — Protests have spread across India in the past week as opposition parties and civil society groups demand the resignation of the country’s election chief over alleged manipulation of voter lists The campaign has been led in part by India’s “Cockroach” youth movement which previously organized street protests that forced the education minister to resign in July.
抗议者要求首席选举专员吉亚什·库马尔辞职，并结束投票机构正在进行的选民名单修订。他们指责修改可能会剥夺数百万选民的权利，并使总理纳伦德拉·莫迪领导的执政印度教民族主义印度人民党（BJP）受益。该委员会和政府否认有任何不当行为。以下是需要了解的内容：选民名单变化加剧抗议活动印度是世界上最大的民主国家，有数亿人在全国和州选举中投票。选举委员会在确定选民资格和管理选举方面发挥核心作用，对选举名单作出具有政治意义的修改。
Protesters demand the resignation of Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar and an end to the poll body’s ongoing revision of voter lists. They accuse the revision could disenfranchise millions of voters and benefit Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ruling Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party, or BJP. The commission and government deny any wrongdoing. Here’s what to know: Voter list changes fueling the protests India is the world’s largest democracy with hundreds of millions of people voting in national and state elections. The Election Commission plays a central role in determining voter eligibility and administering elections, making changes to electoral lists politically significant.
争议的焦点是全国范围内的选民名单修订，称为特别密集修订，或SIR。它于去年在东部比哈尔邦的地方选举之前开始，并已扩展到印度的大多数州和联邦直辖区。根据这一程序，选民必须提供证明他们有资格留在名单上的文件。
The dispute centers on a nationwide voter list revision known as the Special Intensive Revision, or SIR. It began last year in the eastern state of Bihar ahead of local elections and has since expanded to most of India’s states and federally administered territories. Under the process, voters are required to provide documents showing they are eligible to remain on the lists.
选举委员会表示，需要进行这项工作，以删除重复和不合格的条目，并确保合法选民留下来。批评者表示，这可能会将合法选民排除在外，特别是较贫穷和其他弱势社区。
The Election Commission says the exercise is needed to remove duplicate and ineligible entries and ensure legitimate voters remained. Critics say it could instead exclude legitimate voters, particularly poorer and other vulnerable communities.
他们还表示，对于许多人来说，这些要求令人困惑且难以提供，尤其是那些缺乏旧政府记录或其他文件的人。
They also say the requirements are confusing and difficult for many people to provide, particularly those who lack older government records or other documents.
批评者表示，这些变化可能会使莫迪领导的政党受益印度选举委员会是一个独立的宪法机构，负责监督选举和维护选民名单，但反对党指责该委员会偏袒莫迪领导的政党。他们声称，这些变化可能会消除更有可能支持反对党的人，同时保留或增加支持印度人民党的选民。
Critics say the changes could benefit Modi’s party India’s Election Commission is an independent constitutional body overseeing elections and maintaining voter lists, but opposition parties accuse the commission of favoring Modi’s party. They allege the changes could remove people more likely to support opposition parties while preserving or adding voters who favor the BJP.
印度人民党和选举委员会否认这些指控，并表示修改没有政治动机。莫迪领导的政党表示，正在更新名单，以清除他们所谓的“渗透者”。今年早些时候，在西孟加拉邦关键的州选举中，这个问题显得尤为突出，选民名单修订删除了约900万个名字，约占选民的12%。删除导致数百万符合条件的选民无法投票，莫迪的政党首次赢得了该州。
The BJP and the Election Commission reject the allegations and say the revision has no political motive. Modi’s party says the list is being updated to weed out what they call “infiltrators.”The issue was prominent in West Bengal’s crucial state elections earlier this year after a voter list revision removed about 9 million names, or roughly 12% of the electorate. The deletions left millions of eligible voters unable to cast ballots Modi’s party won the state for the first time.
政治可能会影响委员会的裁决印度法律要求委员会成员获得多数票才能颁布改变，从而使其成员之间的分歧可能会很大。
Politics can impact commission rulings Indian law requires a majority vote of commission members to enact changes making disagreements among its members potentially significant.
《印度快报》9月份报道称，三名选举委员中的两名已正式反对涉及选民名单修改、登记程序和委员会数字系统的几项决定。该报报道称，选举负责人库马尔拒绝了这些反对意见。
The Indian Express newspaper reported in September that two of the three election commissioners had formally objected to several decisions involving voter list revisions, registration procedures and the commission’s digital systems. The newspaper reported Kumar, the election chief, rejected those objections.
选举委员会表示，该报告反映了“不同的观点和审议”，而不是正式的书面反对意见。
The Election Commission said the report reflected “differing views and deliberations” rather than formal written objections.
抗议者寻求结束可能重塑选举的变革“蟑螂”运动、反对党和民间社会团体呼吁库马尔辞职或被免职，并对他的行为进行调查，包括可能的刑事诉讼。他们希望停止当前的修订，并将之前的选举名单用于未来的选举。他们还要求建立更加独立且透明的选举委员会委员任命程序。
Protesters seek end to changes that could reshape elections The “Cockroach” movement, opposition parties and civil society groups have called for Kumar to resign or be removed and for an inquiry into his conduct, including possible criminal proceedings. They want the current revision halted and the previous electoral lists used for future elections. They also demand a more independent and transparent process for appointing election commissioners.
选举委员会的数据显示，部分地区的选民名单人数可能减少多达30%，这一情况引发了反对党和抗议团体的担忧，他们担心会有大量选民被排除在外。
Election Commission data indicates voter lists in some regions could shrink by as much as 30%, fueling concerns among opposition parties and protest groups over potential exclusions.
随着此次修订带来的各项变化在印度全国逐步实施，这场争议很可能会进一步升级。而印度将于明年初举行一系列邦级选举。
The dispute is likely to intensify as the changes resulting from the revision expand throughout India, which is facing a series of state elections early next year.