在周三迎来遇害20周年之际，安娜·波利特科夫斯卡娅的前编辑表示，这位遇害的俄罗斯记者早在20年前就“预言”了俄罗斯在弗拉基米尔·普京总统治下的发展轨迹。波利特科夫斯卡娅生前曾报道车臣战争以及普京的崛起过程，最终于2006年10月7日在莫斯科的公寓楼内遭枪杀。
Assassinated Russian journalist Anna Politkovskaya "predicted" Moscow's trajectory under President Vladimir Putin 20 years ago, her former editor said ahead of the anniversary of her death on Wednesday. Politkovskaya had reported on the war in Chechnya and Putin's rise before she was gunned down in her Moscow apartment block on October 7, 2006.
这位2006年在莫斯科住所外遭枪杀的记者，生前曾无畏地报道车臣战争及普京的崛起。她的编辑指出，当时普京正受到西方的欢迎与追捧，而波利特科夫斯卡娅却早已预见了俄罗斯在普京治下的走向。
Assassinated Russian reporter Anna Politkovskaya, shot dead outside her Moscow home in 2006, had "predicted" Russia's trajectory under Putin, her editor said ahead of the 20th anniversary of her death. Politkovskaya had reported fearlessly on the war in Chechnya and the rise of Putin, warning of his authoritarian tendencies at a time when he was being welcomed and courted in the West.
2006年10月7日——正值普京54岁生日当天——她在莫斯科市中心公寓楼的电梯里被枪杀。她的遇害堪称俄罗斯新闻界的转折点。
She was gunned down in the lift of her central Moscow apartment block on October 7, 2006 – Putin's 54th birthday. Her killing marked a turning point for Russian journalism.
20年过去了，普京依然掌权；莫斯科对乌克兰的战争已持续五年，造成数十万人丧生；国内的镇压力度也达到了苏联时代以来前所未有的程度。
Two decades on, Putin is still in power, Moscow's war against Ukraine – which has killed hundreds of thousands – is in its fifth year, and domestic repression has reached levels not seen since the Soviet era.
“如今俄罗斯发生的一切，安娜·波利特科夫斯卡娅在她生前出版的书中都曾预言过，”曾在《新报》与她共事的传奇编辑谢尔盖·索科洛夫说道。这家报纸如今已被莫斯科当局列为“外国代理人”。
"Everything that is happening with Russia was predicted by Anna Politkovskaya in the books she published before her death," Sergei Sokolov, the legendary reporter's editor at the Novaya Gazeta newspaper where she worked, said. Moscow has labelled her paper, Novaya Gazeta, a "foreign agent".
“当时没人相信她，人们都认为她夸大了危险与恐惧，”索科洛夫回忆道。
"At the time, nobody believed her and they said she was exaggerating the dangers and fears," Sokolov said.
21世纪初，经历了前十年混乱局面的西方开始接纳普京这位“强人领袖”。而波利特科夫斯卡娅则警告称，俄罗斯的记者若不对普京“完全顺从”，就只有死路一条或身陷囹圄。她认为，俄罗斯正在“重新坠入苏联式的深渊”。
As the West embraced Putin in the early 2000s – a strongman leader cautiously welcomed after the chaos of the previous decade – Politkovskaya warned Russian journalists would have to show "total servility to Putin" or face death or prison. Russia, she said, was "hurling back into a Soviet abyss".
虽然杀害她的凶手如今已身陷囹圄，但下令行凶的主谋却始终未被查明。
The gunmen behind her murder are in prison – but the person, or people, who ordered the killing have never been named.
2021年，当被问及此事时，普京表示他的机构“做了一切来揭露这些罪行”。“没有什么能使她动摇”在她逝去后，波尔科夫斯卡娅成为了俄罗斯记者们更为标志性的人物——激励了一代从未见过她的调查记者们，他们现在被迫在海外工作。
Asked about that in 2021, Putin said his agencies "did everything to uncover these crimes". 'Nothing could make her stray' In death, Politkovskaya has become an even more totemic figure for Russian journalists – inspiring a generation of investigative reporters who she never met, and who are now forced to work in exile.
随着俄罗斯在乌克兰开战，她在车臣战争前线双方的报道显得更加相关。
With Russia at war in Ukraine, her reporting from both sides of the front line in the Chechen wars has taken on fresh relevance.
她报道了俄军和车臣叛军所犯下的战争罪行，并敦促双方撤离平民。
She covered war crimes committed by both the Russian army and Chechen rebels and pushed both to evacuate civilians.
2002年，她进入一座被车臣叛军占据的莫斯科剧院，试图争取释放人质。
In 2002, she walked into a Moscow theatre that had been seized by Chechen rebels to try to secure the release of hostages.
“恐怖分子选择了我作为他们想要交谈的人。我不能拒绝,”她后来说。当特种部队用气体铺帖并冲入剧院时，超过130名人质遇难。
"The terrorists had chosen me as a person they wanted to talk to. I couldn't refuse," she later said. More than 130 hostages would be killed when special forces gassed the theatre and stormed the building.
“她最突出的地方是她的坚韧——没有什么能使她离开她所关注的话题或想法,”她的编辑索科洛夫回忆道。那个记者学派如今几近崩溃。
"What stood out in her was her tenacity – nothing could make her stray from the topic or idea she had," Sokolov, her editor, recalled. That school of journalism now lies in virtual tatters.
多年来克里姆林宫的压力已导致审查制度达到苏联时代以来前所未有的程度。
Years of pressure from the Kremlin have culminated in censorship levels unseen since the Soviet Union.
如果波尔科夫斯卡娅还活着，索科洛夫非常肯定：“她绝对不能保持沉默”。
If Politkovskaya were alive, Sokolov was certain: "she would definitely not be able to stay silent".
在她晚年，波尔科夫斯卡娅成为了对拉姆扎·卡迪罗夫的强烈批评者，后者当时正被培养为车臣未来的领导人。
In her latter years, Politkovskaya had become a fierce critic of Ramzan Kadyrov, then being groomed as the future head of Chechnya.
她称他为“小龙”并指责他在忠于克里姆林宫的条件下被授予宽松的权力残暴统治这片战火洗刷过的地区。
She dubbed him a "little dragon" and accused him of being given a free hand to brutally rule over the war-torn region in exchange for loyalty to the Kremlin.
卡迪罗夫则称她为“车臣人民的敌人”，并承诺她将为批评他“负责”。
Kadyrov in turn called her an "enemy of the Chechen people", vowing she would "answer" for her criticism of him.
尽管她的名字在俄罗斯的官方叙事中几近抹去，波尔科夫斯卡娅仍然是独立俄罗斯记者们的标志性人物——但同时也提醒着人们这一行业的危险。"你需要一个榜样。如果没有勇敢记者的榜样，如果每个人都低着头，那么俄罗斯新闻业的情况会更糟，"28岁的流亡记者叶戈尔·菲奥克蒂斯托夫说。"她的命运总是提醒着你可能会发生的事情——但它也给你勇气。"另一位被迫在流亡中工作的调查记者奥利加·楚拉科娃说，她对那些尽管面临危险仍想成为记者的人感到"惊讶"。
Icon Despite her name being virtually erased in Russia's official narrative, Politkovskaya remains an icon for independent Russian journalists – but also a constant reminder of the dangers of her profession. "You need an example. If there was no example of courageous journalists and if everyone kept their heads down, then things will be even worse for Russian journalism," 28-year-old exiled reporter Yegor Feoktistov said. "Her fate always reminds you of what can happen – but it also gives you courage." Another investigative journalist forced to work in exile, Olga Churakova, said she is "surprised by the stream of people who want to become journalists" in Russia despite the dangers.
许多人提到波尔科夫斯卡娅作为他们的灵感来源。"人们仍然过来说：'有人需要做这份工作'。"
Many mention Politkovskaya as their inspiration. "People still come and say: 'Someone needs to do this job'."