正向美国STEM领域的研究人员教育项目投入超过1亿美元，与此同时，联邦政策正在限制外国科学家流入美国，而政策制定者则将重点放在与中国的人工智能军备竞赛上。
The Trump administration is injecting more than $100 million into education programs for American researchers in STEM fields, as federal policies stanch the flow of foreign scientists to the US and policymakers focus on an AI arms race with China.
据白宫官员称，这项计划由总统唐纳德·特朗普定于周四在白宫峰会上宣布，旨在通过为科学与工程学科中的博士项目提供奖学金，增加拥有美国国籍的高水平科研研究人员数量。
The initiative, which President Donald Trump is set to announce at a White House summit on Thursday, aims to increase the number of highly trained scientific researchers who are American citizens through fellowships for PhD programs in science and engineering disciplines, according to a White House official.
该政府还重启了美国国家科学基金会的“青年学者”计划，该计划于1996年关闭。这位官员表示，该计划将获得3000万美元政府资金，以及来自华尔街巨头Jane Street等机构的另外5000万美元支持。
The administration is also resurrecting the National Science Foundation’s Young Scholars program, which was shuttered in 1996. It is being revived with $30 million in government funding and an additional $50 million from sources including Wall Street juggernaut Jane Street, the official said.
白宫科学技术政策办公室主任迈克尔·克拉齐奥斯在一份声明中表示，这项投资将“帮助确保美国在科学发现领域继续保持世界领先地位”。他补充道：“特朗普政府致力于赋能美国的STEM学生，让他们能够在科学技术的最前沿追求各种机会。”
Michael Kratsios, director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, said in a statement that the investment would “help to ensure America keeps leading the world in discovery.”“The Trump Administration is committed to empowering American STEM students and enabling them to pursue opportunities at the frontier of science and technology,” he added.
特朗普推动本土STEM学术研究人员发展的举措，正值美国对国际学生的严格管控对科学与工程博士项目造成严重冲击之际，这可能会限制进入美国公司和大学的顶尖科学家人才储备。
Trump’s effort to elevate homegrown academic researchers in STEM comes as a crackdown on international students is hitting science and engineering PhD programs in the US particularly hard, threatening to constrict the pipeline for advanced scientists entering American companies and universities.
今年，许多高校冻结或减少了博士项目的招生人数，博士项目录取学生数量较上年下降了15%。根据联邦数据，2024年，国际学生占科学与工程领域博士学生的近40%。
Many colleges froze or reduced admissions to doctoral programs this year, and the number of students admitted to PhD programs fell by 15% from the previous year. International students made up nearly 40% of PhD students in science and engineering fields in 2024, according to federal data.
联邦政府对STEM领域博士生的投资，也正值政府寻求提升人工智能研究能力，并改善美国在全球人工智能研发竞赛中的地位之际。白宫官员称，这场竞赛是全球性的。
Federal investment in STEM PhDs also comes as the government looks to boost AI research capacity and improve the position of the US in what administration officials say is a global race to develop artificial intelligence.
一位白宫官员表示，在周四的活动上，特朗普还将宣布，得益于一笔私人捐赠，美国能源部将获得1亿美元的计算资源额度，用于推动科学发现。
At the event Thursday, Trump will also announce that the Department of Energy is gaining access to $100 million in compute credits to pursue scientific discovery thanks to a private donation, a White House official said.
此举发生在特朗普政府实施了一系列颠覆研究生学术研究（包括STEM领域）的政策之后。由于联邦研究资助大幅削减、冻结以及不确定性持续超过一年，博士项目已陷入动荡。这些资助是相关项目主要依赖的支持来源。
The move comes after the Trump administration implemented a raft of policies that have upended postgraduate academic research, including in STEM fields. Doctoral programs have been roiled by more than a year of cuts, freezes and uncertainty around the federal research grants they rely on heavily for support.
麻省理工学院是STEM领域博士生的主要培养机构之一，其联邦研究资金今年下降了约20%。而在培养大量生物医学科学家的约翰斯·霍普金斯大学，联邦资金则下降了近45%。
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one of the most prolific producers of STEM PhDs, saw a roughly 20% drop in federal research funding this year. At Johns Hopkins University, which trains large numbers of biomedical scientists, federal funding fell by nearly 45%.
特朗普政府还试图削减美国国家科学基金会（NSF）和美国国家卫生研究院（NIH）的经费，而这两家机构正是美国科学和医学研究的主要资助方。此外，对研究生贷款的新限制可能会削弱学生在本科毕业后攻读博士的能力。
The Trump administration has also attempted to cut funding to NSF and the National Institutes of Health, the primary backers of US scientific and medical research. And new caps on graduate student loans could limit students’ ability to pursue PhDs after undergrad.
特朗普还将宣布一项旨在增加NIH早期职业研究人员数量的计划。由于大规模裁员、自愿离职和退休，特朗普政府执政第一年，联邦政府就失去了超过1万名拥有STEM领域博士学位的员工，其中NIH就约有1100人。
Trump is also announcing an initiative to boost the number of early-career researchers at the NIH. The federal government lost more than 10,000 employees with STEM PhDs in the first year of the Trump administration, including roughly 1,100 at the NIH, thanks to a wave of layoffs, voluntary departures and retirements.
今年7月，克拉齐奥斯提出了一项改革联邦科学研究资助体系的方案。该方案将优先支持人工智能等前沿领域，并赋予产业合作伙伴和个体研究人员更多控制权，以改变长期以来由学术机构主导的资助流程。
In July, Kratsios released a proposal to overhaul the system for federal scientific research funding, which would prioritize cutting-edge fields like AI and give both industry partners and individual researchers more control over a process long dominated by academic institutions.
针对美国STEM研究人员的激励计划，与近期将国际候选人排除在新兴科技领域职位之外的举措不谋而合。本周三早些时候，美国国土安全部提议向寻求热门研究生工作签证的外国学生收取7万美元费用，而对于STEM领域的学生，若需申请特别延期，则需额外支付3万美元。
The incentive program for US STEM researchers dovetails with recent moves to sideline international candidates for roles in emerging tech fields. Earlier Wednesday, the Department of Homeland Security proposed charging $70,000 to foreign students seeking a popular postgraduate work visa — and an additional $30,000 to get a special extension for those in STEM fields.