乔什·范克报道：美国陆军发现了一系列系统性问题，这些问题导致了去年美国航空公司的客机与一架“黑鹰”直升机在华盛顿特区附近发生空中相撞事故，并建议军方采取多项措施，以防止未来类似悲剧的发生。
JOSH FUNK The U.S. Army found many systemic breakdowns that led to last year’s midair collision between an American Airlines jet and a Black Hawk helicopter near Washington D.C. and recommended numerous steps the military should take to prevent future tragedies.
军方尚未公开这份关于美国本土二十多年来最致命空难的报告，但最终已将其分享给67名遇难者的多个家属。
The military has not publicly released its report on the deadliest plane crash on U.S. soil in over two decades, but ultimately shared it with many of the families of the 67 people who died.
数月来，这些家属每天都在社交媒体上向陆军施压，要求公布这份于5月完成的报告。美联社周四获得了一份报告副本。陆军尚未立即回应。
For months, the families have been pressuring the Army in daily social media posts to release the report, which was completed in May. The Associated Press obtained a copy on Thursday. The Army did not immediately comment.
虽然该报告在很大程度上支持了国家运输安全委员会的结论，但民间调查的范围更广，而国家运输安全委员会则重点关注了联邦航空管理局多年来忽视的预警信号。陆军报告强调，里根国家机场塔台的空中交通管制员本可以防止这起事故，但也承认了军方自身的失误。
While the report largely reinforces the National Transportation Safety Board’s conclusions , the civilian investigation was broader and the NTSB focused on years of warning signs missed by the Federal Aviation Administration. The Army report highlighted how the air traffic controller in the tower at Reagan National Airport could have prevented the crash, but also acknowledged the military’s own failings.
报告建议陆军将调查范围从华盛顿特区扩大到所有其直升机运营的主要城市，以排查是否存在类似风险。一位陆军官员表示，对洛杉矶和西雅图-塔科马地区等其他城市直升机飞行情况的审查仍在进行中。该官员因无权公开谈论此事，要求匿名发言。
The report recommended that the Army look beyond Washington, D.C., to study the practices in every major city where its helicopters operate to ensure similar risks aren’t present. An Army official said the review of helicopter flights in other cities, including Los Angeles and the Seattle-Tacoma region, is ongoing. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak publicly on the situation.
撰写该报告的中将表示：“冲突管理各层级的系统性失效导致了这起事故”，但“最突出的促成因素是两次无线电通信中断”，这使得直升机机组人员未能识别出正在盘旋准备降落在里根国家机场备用跑道的5342号航班。军方飞行员当时佩戴着夜视仪，这限制了他们的视野，也让他们难以在城市的灯光中辨认出飞机。
The lieutenant general who authored the report said “breakdowns across all layers of conflict management caused this accident” but “the most salient contributing factor was the two broken radio transmissions” that kept the helicopter crew from identifying Flight 5342 as it was circling to land on Reagan National Airport’s alternate runway. The military pilots were wearing night-vision goggles that limited their field of vision and made it difficult to spot the plane amid the lights of the city.
该架飞机的乘客家属主要团体表示，这份报告进一步支持了他们呼吁国会通过航空安全改革，并要求飞机配备能够帮助飞行员掌握空中交通位置的系统。该团体来自堪萨斯州威奇托市。
The main group of families of passengers on the plane, who were flying from Wichita, Kansas, said the report reinforces their call for Congress to pass aviation safety reforms and require aircraft to be equipped with systems that will help pilots know where traffic in the air is.
“这是一个任何人都能理解的简单概念：飞机应该能够在空中相互看见。相关技术已经得到验证。唯一需要的，是采取正确行动的坚定政治意愿，”“5342号航班家属”团体周四在一份声明中说道。
“It’s a simple concept anyone can understand: aircraft should be able to see each other in the sky. The technology is proven. All that’s required is the political will to do the right thing,” the Families of Flight 5342 group said in a statement Thursday.
“我们已经等待得够久了。我们等待了国家运输安全委员会（NTSB）的调查结果，也等待了陆军的调查。两项调查均已完成，且都明确指出，防撞技术必须成为解决方案的一部分。国会已没有任何理由再等待，”他们表示。
“We have waited long enough. We waited for the NTSB. We waited for the Army. Both investigations are complete, and both make clear that collision avoidance technology must be part of the solution. There is nothing left for Congress to wait for,” they said.
众议院和参议院均已通过了不同的航空安全法案，但议员们仍在努力制定一项折衷的立法方案，以便在国会两院进行投票。
Both the House and Senate passed different aviation safety bills, but lawmakers are still working on a compromise piece of legislation to bring up for a vote in both houses of Congress.