“让美国重获健康”（MAHA）运动的活跃分子正对共和党领导人日益感到失望，此前发生了一系列被许多人视为严重背叛该运动的事件。就在中期选举前夕，双方之间的分歧不断加深，而共和党本就面临重重阻力。最新的挫折是农业法案，该法案得到了自称支持MAHA的共和党人的支持。活动人士反对其中一项条款，即推迟环境保护署对农药安全审查的截止日期。
Make America Healthy Again (MAHA) activists are growing frustrated with Republican leaders following a series of what many see are serious betrayals of the movement. The growing divide between the two comes just ahead of the midterm elections, where the GOP is already facing headwinds. The latest setback is the farm bill, supported by Republicans purporting to be MAHA sympathizers. Activists are pushing back on the inclusion of a provision to delay a deadline for Environmental Protection Agency pesticide safety reviews.
他们还担忧某些环保项目将被削减。与此同时，特朗普政府官员与关键行业密切交往，而近期一场MAHA峰会上却鲜有活动人士出席，这也加剧了紧张局势。这一群体的选民以支持卫生与公众服务部部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪，以及对疫苗强制令和化工与农业企业缺乏信任为特点。“美国母亲”组织创始人、活动人士曾恩·哈尼卡特警告称，支持MAHA的选民可能会在中期选举中弃权——这意味着共和党可能失去一个重要的支持基础。
They’re also raising concerns about cuts to certain conservation programs. Meanwhile, Trump administration officials hobnobbing with key industries and little activist presence at a recent MAHA summit is also exacerbating tensions. Voters in this bloc are characterized by their support for Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. as well as distrust of vaccine mandates and chemical and agriculture corporations. Activist Zen Honeycutt, founder of Moms Across America, warned that MAHA-aligned voters could sit out the midterms — meaning the potential loss of a key pocket of support for Republicans.
“我们是该投票给支持疫苗强制令的人……还是投票给那些积极支持农药和有毒物质进入我们食物中、让我们的婴儿和儿童每天摄入的人？”哈尼卡特说，“这是一个不可能做出的决定，这也是为什么我们许多母亲表示要待在家里，或者投独立候选人，或者手写候选人名字。”在上周的峰会上，肯尼迪和其他政府官员与制药公司、人工智能企业、保险公司以及沃尔玛等零售商的负责人进行了交流。一些基层活动人士指责MAHA领导人向他们曾承诺要对抗的企业利益妥协。
“Do we vote for someone who supports vaccine mandates … or do we vote for someone who is actively supporting pesticides and poison in our foods that our babies and children eat on a daily basis?”Honeycutt said. “It's an impossible decision, and this is why many of our moms are saying they're going to stay home, or vote independent, write somebody in.”During last week’s summit, Kennedy and other administration officials mingled with executives from drug developers, artificial intelligence companies, insurers and retailers like Walmart. Some grassroots activists accused MAHA leaders of selling out to the corporate interests they pledged to fight.
罗伯特·马龙（Robert Malone）此前曾担任肯尼迪疫苗顾问委员会的副主席，他撰写了一篇题为《MAHA的俘获》的尖锐博客文章。他写道：“创建这一运动的人们曾被承诺，它将终结……华盛顿的权力寻租行为，而不是一个打着MAHA旗号的类似版本。”在农业法案中，活动人士对其中一项条款尤为担忧：该条款将延长美国环保署（EPA）重新评估市场上已有农药健康影响的截止日期。
Robert Malone, who previously was vice chair of Kennedy’s vaccine advisory committee, wrote a scathing blog titled “The Capture of MAHA.”“The people who built this movement were promised an end to … Washington influence-peddling, not a MAHA-branded version of it,” he wrote. In the farm bill, activists are raising particular concerns about a provision that would extend the deadline for the EPA to re-review health impacts of pesticides that are already on the market.
“根据法律规定，农药每15年就必须重新评估一次。这是为了适应新出现的科学发现，并完成所谓的注册审查流程，以确保人类和环境得到适当的保护，”生物多样性中心（Center for Biological Diversity）的高级EPA政策专家J·W·格拉斯（J.W. Glass）表示。对于在2007年法律修订前已上市的农药，此前的截止日期为2026年。
“Under law, you're supposed to re-review pesticides every 15 years. That is to account for emerging science and complete what's known as the registration review process to ensure that both people and the environment are being appropriately protected,” said J.W. Glass, senior EPA policy specialist at the Center for Biological Diversity. For pesticides that were on the market prior to a 2007 update to the law, the deadline had previously been 2026.
而农业法案将这一期限延长至2031年。格拉斯指出，推迟截止日期无异于“把问题往后推，让EPA无需严格审查那些已在市场上流通了……数十年之久的产品，也无需任何理论或法律上的截止日期来阻止其继续推广。”活动人士瓦尼·哈里（Vani Hari）援引该条款，在社交平台X上发帖称，参议院农业委员会的共和党议员——他们最近全部投票支持推进该法案——是“MAHA叛徒”。
The farm bill would extend it to 2031. Glass said that pushing the deadline back amounts to “kicking the can down the road and allowing EPA to not take a hard look at products that have been on the market now for ... multi-decade intervals, and not have any sort of theoretical or legal deadline keeping them from moving forward." Citing that provision, activist Vani Hari called Republicans on the Senate Agriculture Committee, all of whom recently voted to advance the legislation, “MAHA Traitors” in a post on the social platform X. Activist Kelly Ryerson said that pushing back the deadline “is just going to be even more harmful to human health” and said it could mean “another five-year break to glyphosate regulation.”
活动人士凯利·莱森（Kelly Ryerson）表示，推迟截止日期“只会对人类健康造成更大的危害”，并指出这可能意味着“草甘膦监管将再被搁置五年”。她还警告称，某些环保项目将面临削减，并对再生农业试点项目的资金表示担忧。据伊利诺伊大学称，参议院共和党提出的法案将削减近20亿美元用于环境质量激励计划（Environmental Quality Incentives Program, EQIP），该计划为农民提供环保相关的资金。
She additionally warned of cuts to certain conservation programs, raising concerns about funding for a regenerative agriculture pilot program. According to the University of Illinois, the Senate Republican bill cuts nearly $2 billion from the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP), which provides money to farmers for conservation.
共和党人则为他们的立法辩护称，美国环保署（EPA）未能按时完成所有审查工作。他们表示，自己的法案为EPA提供了更合理的时间来完成这一流程，而延期将有助于避免针对该机构的诉讼。他们还强调，这项立法并未对保护项目进行全面削减，而是将保护资金重新分配，用于支持新的森林保护地役权计划和州级保护援助计划。
Republicans defended their legislation, noting that the EPA has not been able to get all of the reviews done on time. They say their bill gives the EPA a more reasonable time to complete the process and that the extension would prevent lawsuits against the agency. They also said there’s no overall cut to conservation programs, noting that conservation funds are instead being moved to support new Forest Conservation Easement and State Conservation Assistance programs.
此外，他们指出，该立法并未禁止再生农业计划的推进。一位委员会发言人通过电子邮件表示，这项农业法案“是在听取生产者的意见后制定的，旨在为他们提供应对当前挑战所需的项目和工具，并为美国农业构建一个更强大、更具韧性的未来。”
They also said the legislation does not forbid the regenerative agriculture program from moving forward. A committee spokesperson said via email that the farm bill “was crafted with input from producers to deliver the programs and tools they need to meet today’s challenges and build a stronger, more resilient future for American agriculture.”
在网络上以“草甘膦女孩”（Glyphosate Girl）为昵称的里耶森（Ryerson）将部分愤怒特别指向了参议员罗杰·马歇尔（Roger Marshall，共和党，堪萨斯州），他是参议院MAHA党团的主席，也是农业委员会的成员，而他在保住席位方面正面临出乎意料的激烈挑战。她表示，与MAHA及肯尼迪立场一致的选民“不应支持马歇尔，我认为他们应该投票给民主党人。”
Ryerson, who goes by the moniker “Glyphosate Girl” online, directed some of her ire specifically at Sen. Roger Marshall (R-Kan.), chair of the Senate MAHA Caucus and a member of the Agriculture Committee, who is facing a surprisingly tough fight to retain his seat. She said MAHA- and Kennedy-aligned voters “should not be supporting Marshall and I think they should vote for the Democrat.”
这些紧张局势是在共和党和该运动之间长期分歧的基础上进一步加剧的，分歧涉及农药和化学品相关问题，以及今年早些时候围绕农业法案中其他农药条款的争议。此外，作为对共和党领导层进一步不满的信号，肯尼迪竞选团队的前顾问兼MAHA倡导者蒂芙尼·奇安奇（Tiffany Cianci）于周四发布了一份评估报告，指责特朗普政府在农业、环境和食品安全领域未能兑现对MAHA所承诺事项的85%。
The tensions come on top of longstanding disagreements between Republicans and the movement, including on issues related to pesticides and chemicals, plus fights earlier this year about other pesticide provisions in the farm bill. In a sign of further dissatisfaction with the GOP leaders, former Kennedy campaign adviser and MAHA advocate Tiffany Cianci issued a Scorecard on Thursday accusing the Trump administration of breaking 85 percent of its promises to MAHA on agriculture, environment and food safety.
评分报告指出了一系列问题，包括美国环保署（EPA）任命了化工行业人士、采取支持农药公司的行动（包括在最高法院的一起关键案件中为该行业背书）、放宽空气和水域监管、削减食品药品监督管理局和健康食品项目的资金，以及实施关税和其他农业政策。曾参与肯尼迪总统竞选活动的杰夫·哈特同意认为，许多在2024年专门因为肯尼迪而支持特朗普的MAHA支持者可能会选择弃权。
The scorecard cites issues including the appointment of chemical industry personnel at the EPA, actions to support pesticide companies including backing the industry in a key Supreme Court case, rollbacks to air and water regulations, cuts to the Food and Drug Administration and healthy food programs, and tariffs and other farm policies. Jeff Hutt, who worked on Kennedy’s presidential campaign, agreed that many of the MAHA supporters who backed Trump in 2024 specifically because of Kennedy may stay home.
他表示，共和党不应指望这些选票，因为该党比MAHA理念更依赖于特朗普。“共和党在2024年还像一个‘大帐篷’政党，到了2026年却变成了‘小帐篷’政党。我认为很多那些选民会待在家里，”他说。但哈特补充说，MAHA运动从一开始就并非旨在成为党派工具，与共和党的结盟也始终有保质期。“如果你审视这场运动及其对政治的影响，我认为它非常成功，”哈特说。
Republicans shouldn’t count on those votes, he said, because the party is more beholden to Trump than to the MAHA ideals. “The Republican Party really went from being a big tent party in ‘24 to a pup tent party in ‘26. I think a lot of those voters are going to stay home," he said. But Hutt added that the MAHA movement was never intended to be partisan, and the alignment with Republicans has always had an expiration date. “If you look at the movement and you look at how it's impacted politics, I think it's been very successful,” Hutt said.
“但如果你从共和党内部派系的角度来看，我认为它并不太成功。不过，从一开始，这种期待其实就不太现实。”
“But I think if you look at it through the lens of a caucus within the Republican Party, I don't think that has been very successful. But I really don't think that that was very realistic from the get-go.”