华盛顿讯——根据美联社与KFF健康新闻联合开展的一项最新民意调查，大约一半的农村选民认同由特朗普政府大力推动的“让美国重新健康起来”这一政治运动，但大多数受访者表示，特朗普总统的医疗政策并未给他们的社区带来实际益处。
ALI SWENSON, SARAH JANE TRIBBLE, LINLEY SANDERS, ASSOCIATED PRESS, KFF Health News WASHINGTON — About half of rural voters identify with Make America Healthy Again , a sprawling political movement championed by the Trump administration, but most said President Donald Trump’s healthcare policies have not benefited their communities, according to a new poll from The Associated Press in partnership with KFF.
在超过2000名接受调查的农村选民中，约八成选民——这一群体对特朗普及共和党人而言至关重要——认为特朗普政府的政策对其所在地区的民众健康产生了负面影响或毫无作用。数据显示，在“让美国重新健康起来”运动的支持者中，也有68%的人持相同看法。
About 8 in 10 rural voters — an important voting bloc for Trump and fellow Republicans — said the Trump administration’s policies have had a negative effect or no impact on the health of people where they live. Most MAHA supporters, 68%, also feel this way, according to the national survey of more than 2,000 ruraled voters.
这一调查结果反映出特朗普政府以“让美国重新健康起来”为旗号推出的各项政策，与美国农村地区民众对其实际影响及成效的认知之间存在明显落差。
The findings signal an apparent disconnect between the Trump administration’s MAHA-branded policy priorities and rural America’s perception of their reach and effectiveness.
58岁的艾奥瓦州牧师迈克·贾格尔是一名共和党人，也自认是“让美国重新健康起来”运动的支持者。他表示，特朗普政府的医疗政策对他所在社区民众的健康影响“微乎其微”，不过他也指出，特朗普任命的卫生部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪正带领各项举措朝着“正确的方向”发展。
Iowa pastor Mike Jager, 58, is aed Republican and considers himself part of the MAHA movement. The Trump administration’s health policies have had “minimal” impact on the health of his community, Jager said, but he added that Trump’s health secretary, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. , is moving the needle “in the right direction.”
“这只是个开端，”贾格尔说道，“要扭转局面、纠正方向，就像要调转一艘巨轮的航向一样困难。”肯尼迪以“让美国重新健康起来”为口号推动多项举措，包括废除长期沿用的疫苗接种指南、研究超加工食品的危害以及加大对再生农业的投入。
“It’s a beginning,” Jager said. “It’s a big ship to try and turn around and course-correct.”Kennedy has used the MAHA label to support various agendas, including abandoning long-standing vaccine guidance , researching ultraprocessed foods and investing in regenerative agriculture.
贾格尔现居艾奥瓦州萨姆纳镇，他家距离玉米田的边界仅不到四分之一英里。他亲眼目睹许多家人和邻居患上各种疾病，他认为这些疾病部分是由接触农业化学品以及食用不健康的加工食品所致。
Jager lives in Sumner, Iowa, “less than a quarter mile from where the corn ends and the city begins.”He’s seen family members and neighbors develop diseases that he believes resulted in part from exposure to agricultural chemicals and consumption of unhealthy, processed foods.
在6月的共和党州长初选中，耶格投了扎克·拉恩一票，他是一位以MAHA纲领参选的商人和农民，击败了特朗普支持的联邦众议员兰迪·费恩斯特拉。他计划在11月再次投给他。
In the June Republican primary for governor, Jager voted for Zach Lahn, a businessman and farmer who ran on a MAHA platform and beat out Trump-backed U.S. Rep. Randy Feenstra. He plans to vote for him again in November.
约三分之二支持MAHA的农村选民表示，投票给同样支持MAHA的候选人对他们来说“极其”或“非常”重要，而总体上只有十分之四的农村选民持相同看法。
About two-thirds of rural voters who support MAHA said it’s “extremely” or “very” important to them to vote for a candidate who does, too, while only 4 in 10 rural voters overall said the same.
两年前，特朗普在竞选连任期间试图争取MAHA的支持。现在，在激烈的中期选举中，肯尼迪一直在竞选造势以动员该运动的支持者。5月，他与爱荷华州共和党州长金·雷诺兹一起出席了一个MAHA筹款活动，8月，他与拉恩一起去钓鱼，并在社交媒体上发帖分享。
Trump sought to seize on MAHA support during his campaign for another term two years ago. Now, amid tight midterm races, Kennedy has campaigned to galvanize the movement’s support. In May, he attended a MAHA billg with Iowa Republican Gov. Kim Reynolds, and in August, he went fishing with Lahn, posting about it on social media.
爱荷华州立大学政治学教授大卫·彼得森表示，调查显示，选民们注意到了“特朗普政府内部这种奇怪的分裂”，即肯尼迪传达的信息与特朗普的言行之间存在分歧。
Yet the survey indicates voters are noticing “this weird split in the Trump administration” between what Kennedy messages and what Trump says and does, said David Peterson, a political science professor at Iowa State University.
他说，在爱荷华州，对导致癌症发病率上升原因的担忧“是件大事”。他补充道，对于许多认同MAHA的人来说，健康意味着挑战他们认为导致癌症的企业农业和制药公司。
In Iowa, concerns about what’s causing rising cancer rates are “a big deal,” he said. For many people who identify with MAHA, being healthy includes taking on corporate agriculture and pharmaceutical companies that they think cause cancer, he added.
在民调中，关于医疗获取和成本的看法基本按党派界线分歧。大多数民主党和独立选民表示，特朗普政府的医疗政策对他们的医疗成本以及社区居民的健康和福祉产生了负面影响。共和党选民则更倾向于表示没有影响。
In the poll, views on healthcare access and costs largely diverged along party lines. Most Democratic and independent voters said the Trump administration’s healthcare policies have had a negative impact on their healthcare costs and the health and well-being of people in their communities. Republicans were likelier to say there hasn’t been an impact.
71岁的唐娜·克洛克在爱荷华州卡罗尔县的200英亩农场通过电话表示，她的丈夫死于癌症，她的邻居也有患癌症的。
Talking on the phone from her 200-acre farm in Carroll County, Iowa, 71-year-old Donna Klocke said that her husband had died from cancer and that she has neighbors who also have cancer.
“这非常普遍，”克洛克说。“我们身处一个农业社区。我们使用化学品、杀虫剂以及各种不一定对我们有益的东西。”作为民主党人的克洛克表示，MAHA运动是个好主意，因为她关注健康，但她不认为自己是该运动的一部分，也不会投票给代表该运动的候选人。
“It’s just very prevalent,” Klocke said. “We’re in a farming community. We use chemicals and pesticides and all kinds of things that aren’t necessarily good for us.”Klocke, a Democrat, said the MAHA movement is a good idea because she cares about being healthy, but she does not consider herself part of it and will not be voting for a candidate who represents the movement.
肯尼迪在从政前是一名反疫苗活动家，并向美国人传递了关于接种麻疹疫苗的矛盾信息，这让她感到恐惧。
Kennedy, who was an anti-vaccine activist before entering politics and has sent mixed messages to Americans about getting the measles vaccine , scares her.
“麻疹和小儿麻痹症卷土重来，”克洛克说。“真正让我担心的是麻疹。简直就像，你难道不明白它有多危险吗？”
“Measles are coming back and polio,” Klocke said. “It’s the measles that really gets me. It’s like, do you not understand how dangerous it is?”Nearly half of rural voters said their communities don’t have enough doctors or other healthcare providers, and even more said there aren’t enough mental health workers specifically. The share of rural voters who said their community does not have enough hospitals increased to 35% from 21% in a similar question asked in a KFF-Washington Post survey in 2017.
近一半的农村选民表示，他们的社区没有足够的医生或其他医疗服务提供者，甚至更多人表示专门缺乏心理健康工作者。表示社区医院不足的农村选民比例从2017年KFF-《华盛顿邮报》民调中类似问题的21%上升至35%。
And as with the general population, healthcare, gas and grocery costs are top pain points. At least 6 in 10 rural voters said they were worried about healthcare costs.
与普通民众一样，医疗、汽油和食品杂货费用是主要痛点。至少十分之六的农村选民表示担心医疗费用。
The level of worry varied based on coverage, with rural voters enrolled in employer plans or Medicare less likely to be worried. The survey found that 80% of working-age rural voters on Medicaid were very or somewhat worried about healthcare costs. Last year, Republicans passed a tax and spending bill that cut over $900 billion in projected Medicaid spending over a decade and mandated new eligibility requirements.
担忧程度因医保覆盖类型而异，参加雇主计划或联邦医疗保险（Medicare）的农村选民不太可能感到担忧。调查发现，80%参加医疗补助（Medicaid）的适龄劳动力农村选民非常或或多或少地担心医疗费用。去年，共和党通过了一项税收和支出法案，在十年内削减了超过9000亿美元的预计医疗补助开支，并强制规定了新的资格要求。
In the tiny community of Lipan, Texas, west of Dallas, Kim Solis and her husband have a handyman-and-home-remodel business and get their insurance on the marketplace. Since Trump returned to office, their premium payment jumped from zero to $166 a month. Their copays went up, and their deductibles each increased by $2,000.
在达拉斯以西德克萨斯州利潘这个小社区，金·索利斯和丈夫经营着一家维修和家庭装修业务，他们在保险市场购买保险。自特朗普重返白宫以来，他们的保费从零涨到了每月166美元。他们的共付额上涨，免赔额每人各增加了2000美元。62岁的索利斯表示，她很担心如果收到巨额医疗账单会怎么办。
Solis, 62, said she worries what will happen if they get a big medical bill.
“毫无疑问，到时候我们肯定要绞尽脑汁从储蓄账户里取钱，或者从401(k)养老金账户中支取资金来应付这笔开销，”她说。
“Certainly, we’d be in a world of hurt trying to take money out of savings or getting it out of our 401(k) just to be able to do something about it,” she said.
调查显示，与普通民众一样，农村地区的选民表示，比起政府机构或官员，他们更信任自己的医生和医疗服务提供者来提供健康方面的信息。
Like the general population, rural voters said they trust their own doctors and healthcare providers for health information over government agencies or officials, according to the poll.
对肯尼迪和特朗普的信任程度则主要因党派立场而异。约10%的农村民主党选民表示对肯尼迪“非常信任”或“比较信任”，而农村共和党选民中这一比例则高达74%。另外，约5%的农村民主党选民和69%的农村共和党选民表示，他们“非常信任”或“比较信任”特朗普能提供可靠的健康信息。
Trust in Kennedy and Trump fell largely along partisan lines. About 10% of rural Democratic voters reported having a “great deal” or “fair amount” of trust in Kennedy, compared with 74% of rural Republican voters. About 5% of rural Democrats and 69% of rural Republicans said they trust Trump a “great deal” or “fair amount” for reliable health information.
爱荷华州立大学教授彼得森指出，虽然“让美国再次伟大”运动与肯尼迪所倡导的“让美国更健康”理念在很多方面相互关联，但不断上涨的医疗和食品成本却给那些认同“让美国更健康”理念的人带来了挑战。
While Make America Great Again and MAHA identities are “linked in a lot of ways,” the rising costs of healthcare and groceries pose a challenge for those committed to the MAHA principles that Kennedy promotes, said Peterson, the Iowa State professor.
“人们会觉得，‘由于特朗普推行的政策，我根本买不起健康食品’，”他说。
Buying healthy food “becomes, ‘I can’t afford to do that because of Trump’s policies,’” he said.
在肯塔基州的斯坦平格朗德，65岁的阿尔玛·约翰逊在一家养马场担任夜间保安。
In Stamping Ground, Kentucky, Alma Johnson, 65, works night security at a horse farm.
约翰逊曾在2016年、2020年和2024年的选举中投票给特朗普，她表示自己“基本满意”特朗普治理国家的方式。不过她称自己并非“让美国再次伟大”运动的狂热支持者，更愿意“独立思考”。至于“让美国更健康”理念，约翰逊倒是很容易接受，因为她认为不应该允许人们用食品券购买垃圾食品。
Johnson voted for Trump in 2016, 2020 and 2024 and said she “pretty much” likes how Trump is running the country. But she said she is not a MAGA devotee, preferring to “think for myself.”MAHA, however, is an easy sell for Johnson because, she said, she doesn’t think people should be able to buy junk food in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP.
不过她也表示，目前尚未感受到特朗普政府推行的各项医疗政策，包括新版的膳食指南所带来的明显影响。
Still, she said she hasn’t seen much impact from the Trump administration’s healthcare policies, including the new food pyramid .
“要改变人们的习惯、观念以及行为方式，需要很长时间，”约翰逊说道。
“It takes a long time to change people, their habits, their thoughts or the things they do,” Johnson said.
对2026年8月12日至24日在美国农村地区进行投票的2241名成年人进行的民意调查，使用了从基于概率的SSRS意见面板中抽取的样本。全样本的抽样误差为±3个百分点。在与美联社合作的过程中，KFF研究人员参与了调查样本和问卷的设计、 findings的分析与报告工作。
The poll of 2,241 U.S. adultsed to vote in rural areas of the country was conducted Aug. 12-24, 2026, using a sample drawn from the probability-based SSRS Opinion Panel. The margin of sampling error for the full sample is plus or minus 3 percentage points. In collaboration with AP, KFF researchers worked to design the survey sample and questionnaire, analyze and report findings.
本报告是美联社和KFF健康新闻联合合作的成果。KFF健康新闻是一个专注于健康问题的深度新闻报道的全国性新闻室，是KFF的核心运营项目之一——KFF是健康政策研究、民意调查和新闻报道的独立权威机构。
This report is a collaboration between The Associated Press and KFF Health News. KFF Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF — the independent source for health policy research, polling and journalism.