被广泛视为2028年总统选举共和党热门人选的JD·万斯，正试图与“让美国重新健康起来”（MAHA）运动靠拢。有观点认为，该运动正在逐渐疏远普通民众支持者，转而迎合政治势力及企业利益。
JD Vance, widely considered to be the Republican frontrunner for the presidential election in 2028, is aligning himself with the Make America Healthy Again (Maha) movement as some say it is shedding its grassroots supporters in favor of political and corporate interests.
这位美国副总统将自己定位为“让美国再次伟大”（MAGA）运动的继承者。如今，随着伊朗战争持续以及物价上涨导致政府支持率下滑，万斯选择与MAHA运动结盟——而特朗普政府内部不少人认为正是该运动助力了2024年大选的胜利。这一举动也预示着两大运动之间的联系将愈发紧密。
The US vice-president has positioned himself as the inheritor of Make America Great Again (Maga), and attaching himself to Maha, which many in the Trump administration believe helped to win the 2024 election, signals a greater overlap between the two movements as the administration’s popularity plummets amid the war in Iran and rising prices.
美联社与KFF联合开展的最新调查显示，超过三分之二（68%）的MAHA运动乡村地区支持者表示，特朗普的卫生政策“对他们所在地区的民众健康产生了负面影响或毫无作用”。这一结果凸显出这一庞大的政治运动与其基层支持者之间的脱节现象，尤其是在那些曾在2024年大选中压倒性支持特朗普的农村地区。皮尤研究中心1月份的调查也显示，对总统及副总统持负面看法的美国人数量超过了持正面看法的人数。
More than two-thirds (68%) of rural Maha supporters said that Trump’s health policies have “had a negative effect or no impact on the health of people where they live”, according in a new AP-KFF survey that highlights the disconnect between the sprawling political project and its grassroots support, especially in rural areas that overwhelmingly supported Trump in the 2024 election. More Americans view the president and vice-president unfavorably than favorably, according to a January survey by Pew Research.
周二在华盛顿特区举行的MAHA峰会上，万斯与美国卫生与公众服务部部长、MAHA运动领袖小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪互相开玩笑，话题涉及网络迷因以及以肉类和发酵食品为主的“食肉饮食法”。
At the Maha summit in Washington DC on Tuesday, Vance traded jokes about memes and the “carnivore” diet of meat and fermented foods with Robert F Kennedy Jr, the secretary of the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the leader of Maha.
不过，万斯也着重强调了自己在揭露所谓医疗补助计划、联邦医疗保险以及《平价医疗法案》实施过程中存在的欺诈行为方面所发挥的作用，并将这些欺诈行为归咎于移民，尤其是无证移民。
But Vance also highlighted his role in identifying what he says is fraud in Medicaid, Medicare and the Affordable Care Act marketplace – blaming it on immigrants, especially undocumented immigrants.
“自我牵头反欺诈工作组以来，我们已经查实了近2500亿美元的欺诈金额，”万斯如此宣称。不过目前政府方面尚未公布具体有哪些人被取消了相关福利资格，也未说明这些行为为何被认定为欺诈。
“We’ve found close to $250bn in fraud just since I’ve been leading the anti-fraud task force,” Vance claimed, though the administration has released scant details on who has been unenrolled from these programs and why the activity was considered fraudulent.
万斯称：“负责执行这些项目的各州根本没有切实落实相关规定。”他声称有非法移民正在领取联邦医疗保险福利，但目前并无任何证据能证明这一点。在掌声中，万斯说道：“别搞这些花招了，老实交代你们的真实意图吧。说到底就是想给非法移民发福利。”
Vance said that “the states that administer the programs don’t enforce them at all”, claiming that undocumented people were receiving Medicare benefits, though there is no documentation that this is occurring. “Cut that shit out and be honest about your intentions. It’s about giving benefits to illegal aliens,” Vance said to applause.
肯尼迪则以欧洲那些实行全民医疗且成本更为可控的医疗体系为例，指出美国医疗体系效率低下，医疗费用早已“失控”。万斯似乎也认同需要加强对医疗体系的监管，称若能有效防范欺诈行为，诸如医疗补助计划与联邦医疗保险这类项目才能发挥更大作用——尽管特朗普政府一直以来都致力于放松监管。
Kennedy alluded to the more cost-efficient health systems of Europe, which have universal healthcare, to speak about the inefficiencies of the health system in the US, where costs have been “allowed to get out of control”. Vance seemed to point to the need for stronger regulation of the health system, saying that programs like Medicaid and Medicare are stronger when fraud can be detected – though the Trump administration has largely focused on deregulation.
纽约大学格罗斯曼医学院荣誉教授阿特·凯普兰指出，万斯在活动上着重强调了“Maha运动所引发的种种政治效应”。“我认为万斯此行是经过深思熟虑的。他希望效仿特朗普的做法，把Maha运动的支持者拉到自己阵营，而非鲁比奥那边。”万斯还拿自己最强劲的政治对手——国务卿马尔科·鲁比奥打趣，称鲁比奥“根本藏不住心事”，这绝对能成为绝佳的搞笑素材。
Speaking at the event, Vance underlined “the politics that Maha is stirring up”, said Art Caplan, professor emeritus at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine. “I think Vance was there making a calculation. He wants to replicate what Trump did, get the Maha devotees on his side, not Rubio’s.”Vance poked fun at secretary of state Marco Rubio, his closest political rival, saying Rubio “doesn’t have a great poker face”, which makes for “absolutely incredible” meme material.
万斯还透露：“我和博比与多位内阁部长组成了微信群，我们总能抢在社交媒体之前发布相关搞笑图片。”他举例说，多莉·帕顿去世后，网上就出现了马尔科戴着金色假发的搞笑图片。
“Bobby and I are on a text chain with a bunch of the cabinet secretaries, where we’re basically beating social media to the memes,” Vance said, describing one image of Marco in a blonde wig after Dolly Parton died.
第二届年度峰会凸显了“Maha运动”内部的分裂状况。这一运动原本是由环保人士、营养倡导者、反疫苗活动家以及政界与企业界人士组成的松散联盟，但此次峰会似乎有意疏远前者，转而向后者示好。会上出现了联合健康集团、沃尔玛以及Anthropic等企业的身影，其中不少企业此前便与美国政府保持着业务往来。实验性癌症治疗公司Grail也是本次峰会的主要赞助商，该公司研发的新疗法目前正等待美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的审批。
The second annual summit showcased the fracturing of the Maha movement, which has often been an uneasy alliance among environmental, nutrition and anti-vaccine activists, and political and corporate actors. The event appeared to eschew the former and prioritize the latter, featuring companies like UnitedHealth, Walmart and Anthropic, including companies with active business before the US government. Grail, an experimental cancer-treatment company whose approval is currently before the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), was a top sponsor.
据彭博社报道，出资30万美元的企业可获得发言机会，还能与肯尼迪以及美国医疗保险与医疗补助服务中心主任穆罕默德·奥兹共进私人晚宴。
Companies that paid $300,000 were given the option of speaker slots, as well as a private dinner with Kennedy and Mehmet Oz, the administrator for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), according to reporting by Bloomberg.
此次峰会由“Maha中心”主办，该中心隶属于众多与“Maha运动”相关的机构。这些机构的负责人是长期反对疫苗的托尼·莱昂斯，过去一年里他已向肯尼迪支付了400万美元。每年向“Maha控股”缴纳6000美元会费的“Maha会员”方可获得参会资格，而这家公司的唯一董事正是肯尼迪29岁的儿子芬恩·肯尼迪。
The Maha Center, which organized the event, is one of many Maha-affiliated endeavors headed by Tony Lyons, a longtime vaccine critic, who has paid Kennedy $4m in the past year. Tickets were available for “Maha members” who pay $6,000 a year to Maha Holdings, whose sole board member is Finn Kennedy, Kennedy’s 29-year-old son.
“我认为这次Maha峰会存在严重的利益冲突，”卡普兰说道。他补充称，这场“违背伦理规范”的峰会显然是“花钱就能接近特朗普政府高官”的渠道。演讲嘉宾包括奥兹、美国农业部长布鲁克·罗林斯以及肯尼迪的得力助手斯特凡妮·斯皮尔。“通常情况下，根本没机会与FDA官员拉近关系。这种情况实在令人担忧，”卡普兰补充道。
“The Maha summit, I thought, was a giant conflict of interest,” said Caplan, adding that the “ethically disturbing” event appeared to be “pay to play” to access high-ranking officials in the Trump administration. Speakers included Oz; Brooke Rollins, secretary of the US Department of Agriculture; and Stefanie Spear, a top Kennedy aide. “Normally, you don’t get a chance to cozy up to FDA officials. That’s troubling,” Caplan added.
虽然Maha运动似乎正逐渐向大企业利益倾斜，但卡普兰认为这仍可能成为对万斯有利的强大助力：“只要他能获得特朗普所获选票的一半，即便出现阵营分裂，也算成绩不错。” 对大企业的过度侧重并未逃过Maha活动人士的眼睛。“为何他们要忽视我们的声音？” 反对新冠疫苗的医生玛丽·塔利·鲍登说道。她曾因暗中向患者提供未经证实的新冠疗法而受到训斥。
While Maha appears to be fracturing in favor of corporations, it could still prove a powerful movement for Vance, Caplan said: “If he can get half of what Trump got, even if there’s a split, he’s doing well.”The strong focus on corporations was not lost on Maha activists. “Why are they excluding our voices?”Mary Talley Bowden, a doctor who opposes Covid vaccines and was reprimanded for stealthily providing unproven Covid treatments, said on The lineup did not “reflect the issues that birthed the original Maha movement and drove voters, especially women, to show up and vote for this coalition”, said Kelly Ryerson, also known as the Glyphosate Girl.
另一位被称为“草甘膦女孩”的凯莉·赖尔森则表示，此次活动阵容“未能反映最初催生Maha运动、促使选民——尤其是女性——投票支持该联盟的核心议题”。她补充道，部分演讲者“简直与Maha的理念背道而驰”。
Some of the speakers “could not be less Maha”, she added.
阴谋论者罗伯特·马龙曾在现已被解散的疫苗顾问委员会任职，并投票支持限制疫苗接种。他在自己的Substack博客上写道，Maha已被它原本试图对抗的企业利益集团“掌控”，并痛斥该运动存在“利益冲突现象日益泛滥”的“近亲繁殖”现象。
Maha has been “captured” by the very corporate interests it sought to fight, Robert Malone, a conspiracy theorist who voted to restrict vaccines while he was a member of the now-halted vaccines advisory committee, wrote on his Substack – decrying the “incestuous nature” of Maha, where “conflicts of interest seem to multiply by the day”.
长期抨击企业势力影响民众健康与福祉的肯尼迪，在此次活动中却对企业权力问题避而不谈。相反，他盛赞了像OpenAI这样的企业——后者手握美国政府数百万美元的订单。
Kennedy, who has long railed against corporate influences affecting Americans’ health and wellbeing, was notably quiet about corporate power at the event. Instead, he praised companies like OpenAI, which has millions of dollars in US government contracts.
“如今，医生若不先借助人工智能辅助便做出诊断或开处方，那简直是失职行为，” 肯尼迪引用OpenAI首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼的话说道。他还补充称，大型语言模型“能给出比国内任何医生都更具参考价值的第二意见”。目前约有三分之一（32%）的美国人会向人工智能咨询医疗信息及建议，不过这些AI聊天机器人给出的答案约25%存在错误。
“Today, it would be malpractice for a doctor to make a diagnosis or to make a prescription without at least checking AI,” he said, attributing the quote to OpenAI’s Sam Altman. Kennedy added that large language models “can give you a second opinion that is much better informed than any doctor in the country”. About a third (32%) of Americans consult AI for medical information and advice, though AI chatbots are inaccurate about 25% of the time.
“今后我们再也不会任由那些叫我们‘要相信专家’的公职人员掌控一切了，” 肯尼迪强调道。
“We’re never, ever again going to be able to be dominated by public officials who tell us ‘trust the experts’,” Kennedy said.
“如果有人告诉你‘口罩确实有效，要相信专家’，人工智能可能会给出相反的结论。如果有人说‘保持社交距离能起作用，要相信专家’，人工智能也可能予以纠正。要是有人声称‘疫苗能预防病毒传播与感染，因此为了保护自己的祖母就必须接种’，人工智能则会指出‘事实并非如此’。因此，人工智能确实有能力掌控我们，也能将我们从医疗专制中解放出来，”肯尼迪说道。
“If somebody tells you ‘masks work, trust the experts’, AI may tell you otherwise. If somebody tells you ‘social distancing works, trust the experts’, AI may correct that. And if somebody tells you that ‘a vaccine will prevent transmission and infection, so you need to take it to protect your grandmother’, AI may say ‘it actually doesn’t do that’, So it really has the capacity to dominate us and free us from medical tyranny,” Kennedy said.
卡普兰指出，肯尼迪的“边缘科学主张在这一过程中展现得淋漓尽致”。如果肯尼迪与万斯结盟且万斯赢得大选，“这将赋予他权力去推行自己所重视的各项举措”。
His “fringy science agenda was on full display”, Caplan said. If Kennedy aligns himself with Vance and Vance wins the election, “it gives him power to pursue some things that he cares about”.
长期以来，万斯一直认为肯尼迪所代表的派系对特朗普的成功至关重要；他也曾在2025年的“Maha峰会”上发言。不过，根据安嫩伯格公共政策中心最新的一项调查，仅有不到四分之一的美国人（23%）对肯尼迪抱有好感。
Vance has long seen Kennedy’s faction as essential for Trump’s success, and he also spoke at the Maha summit in 2025. But fewer than one in four Americans (23%) view Kennedy favorably, according to a new survey from the Annenberg Public Policy Center.