司法部采取行动，允许更多人无需向联邦政府登记即可购买枪支消音器（即“消音器”）、短管步枪及其他特定枪支，此前一项法院裁决推翻了某项关键法律的若干条款。
The Justice Department has moved to allow more people to purchase firearm suppressors — known as silencers — short-barreled rifles and other certain guns withouting them with the federal government following a court ruling that struck down provisions of a key law.
艾伦娜·杜金·里奇，华盛顿报道——周五，司法部采取行动，允许更多人无需向联邦政府登记即可购买枪支消音器（即“消音器”）、短管步枪及其他特定枪支，此前一项法院裁决推翻了某项关键法律的若干条款。
ALANNA DURKIN RICHER WASHINGTON — The Justice Department moved Friday to allow more people to purchase firearm suppressors — known as silencers — short-barreled rifles and certain other guns withouting them with the federal government following a court ruling that struck down provisions of a key law.
在得克萨斯州一名法官于8月裁定许可程序违宪后，特朗普政府宣布了这项广泛的执法政策调整。该法官的裁决仅限于该案相关方，但司法部周五表示，将不再更广泛地执行登记要求。
The Trump administration announced the broad enforcement policy changes after a Texas judge in August ruled the permitting process was unconstitutional. The judge’s ruling was limited to the parties involved in that case, but the Justice Department said Friday it would no longer enforce the registration requirements more broadly.
“总统、国会和法院的指示非常明确，”烟酒枪支爆炸物管理局局长罗布·切卡达在一份电子邮件声明中表示，“美国烟酒枪支爆炸物管理局（ATF）现已调整执法立场，同时继续确保我们将精力集中在最需要的地方：打击美国社区中的暴力犯罪。”这是特朗普政府进一步放宽枪支限制的最新举措，而枪支权利团体此前一直反对这些限制。
“The direction from the President, Congress, and the courts is clear,” Rob Cekada, director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives said in an emailed statement. “ATF is now following suit with our enforcement posture while continuing to ensure we remain focused where we are needed the most: combating violent crime in American communities.”
枪支权利活动人士长期以来抱怨称，登记要求——包括填写表格、采集指纹以及等待政府批准——负担过重。得克萨斯州案件的核心问题涉及一部20世纪30年代的法律——《国家枪支法》中的相关规定，该法当时是为了回应人们对黑手党暴力的担忧而通过的。
It’s the latest move by the Trump administration to ease restrictions on firearms opposed by gun rights groups. Gun rights activists have long complained that the registration requirements — which meant filling out a form, being fingerprinted, and waiting for government approval — were overly burdensome At issue in the Texas case were regulations in a 1930s-era law, the National Firearms Act, which was passed in response to concerns about mafia violence.
德克萨斯州地区法官詹姆斯·亨德里克斯表示，在购买消音器、短管步枪、短管霰弹枪及其他特定枪支时，相关购买规定必须在共和党控制的国会和总统唐纳德·特朗普取消这些设备200美元的许可证税后予以废除。司法部选择不对该法官的裁决提出上诉。
U.S. District Judge James Hendrix in Texas said the rules for purchasing a silencer, short-barreled rifle, short-barreled shotgun and other certain other firearms must fall after the Republican-controlled Congress and President Donald Trump eliminated a $200 permit tax on the devices. The Justice Department opted not to appeal the judge’s decision.
支持枪支管制的团体谴责了该法官的裁决以及司法部维持该裁决的决定，称其鲁莽，并主张这些规定对公共安全至关重要。
Groups that support gun restrictions decried the judge’s ruling and the Justice Department’s decision to let it stand as reckless and argued that the regulations are important for public safety.
周五在接受美联社采访时，切卡达表示，在该法官作出裁决后，联邦执法机构收到了来自公众和国会成员的大量提问，询问他们将如何在全国范围内执行相关法规。切卡达称，特朗普政府认为，“最恰当且最公平的做法”是在全国范围内统一处理这些规定，以避免各地出现混乱不一的监管体系。
In an interview with The Associated Press on Friday, Cekada said that after the judge’s ruling, federal law enforcement was inundated with questions from the public and members of Congress about how they were going to handle enforcement nationwide. The Trump administration believed that the “best and fairest thing to do” was to address the rules nationwide to avoid a confusing patchwork of regulations across the country, Cekada said.
根据新的指导方针，美国烟酒枪炮及爆裂物管理局（ATF）将不再要求登记，除非购买者居住在有州法律要求必须通过联邦许可程序的约15个州之一。司法部表示，对于机枪以及联邦法律中定义的“破坏性装置”，登记程序仍然适用。
Under the new guidance, ATF will no longer require registration unless the buyer lives in one of about 15 states that have state laws requiring that people go through the federal permitting process. The registration process will still apply for machine guns and what are considered “destructive devices” under federal law, the Justice Department said.
官员们还表示，在所有情况下，人们仍需填写标准的枪支购买表格，其中包含有关可能使其丧失合法持枪资格的问题，并且还必须通过背景调查。
And in all cases, people will still have to fill out the standard firearms purchasing form, which includes questions about things that would disqualify someone from legal gun ownership, and they also have to pass a background check, officials said.