
威斯康星州州长选举是今年全美最受关注的民主党初选之一,这场竞争在民主社会主义者、州众议员洪弗朗西斯卡与密尔沃基民主党人大卫·克劳利之间展开,后者获得了现任民主党州长托尼·埃弗斯的背书。
The Wisconsin gubernatorial race was one of the most closely watched Democratic primaries in the country this year, pitting a democratic socialist, state Rep. Francesca Hong, against Milwaukee Democrat David Crowley, who received the endorsement of the state’s sitting Democratic governor, Tony Evers.
洪弗朗西斯卡在初选中落败,这使得克劳利将在今秋的大选中面对共和党众议员汤姆·蒂法尼。但她已经重返竞选路,这次试图帮助民主党在该州实现“三重胜利”:赢得州长选举以及两院立法机构的控制权。
Hong lost the race, setting up Crowley to face Republican Rep. Tom Tiffany in the general election this fall. But she’s already back on the campaign trail, this time trying to help Democrats win a trifecta in the state: the governor’s race and both legislative chambers.
不过,要团结该州选民实现这一目标并非易事。洪弗朗西斯卡接受了《America, Actually》节目主持人阿斯泰德·赫恩登的采访,谈到了她自己的失利、埃弗斯在其中扮演的角色,以及那些对她竞选充满热情的选民是否会在克劳利的竞选中找到足够的认同点——特别是在日益重要的数据中心议题上。
Unifying the state’s voters to achieve that won’t be easy, though. Hong spoke with America, Actually host Astead Herndon about her own loss, Evers’s role in it, and whether or not the voters who felt so passionate about her own campaign would find enough to love in Crowley’s campaign — in particular on the increasingly important issue of data centers.
阿斯泰德和洪弗朗西斯卡还探讨了威斯康星州对全国民主党的意义,以及该党应从她的竞选(包括她的失利)中吸取什么教训。
Astead and Hong also talked about what Wisconsin means for the Democrats nationally, and what lessons the party should take from her race, including her loss.
“我说过这话,我将继续这么说——最具当选可能性的人就是最终获得最多选票的人,而这一次那个人是克劳利,”洪弗朗西斯卡说。“但我认为,当该州最有权势的民主党人选择无视大量选民、以及那些因我们的竞选而受到鼓舞、充满活力、首次走出来参与政治的人时,这是一种损害。我认为,几乎将‘当选可能性’作为一种恐吓手段是短视的。”
“I said this, and I will continue to say it — the person who is most electable is the person who ended up getting the most votes, and that was Crowley this time around,” Hong said. “But I think there’s a disservice when you have the most powerful Democrat in the state choosing to ignore a lot of voters and people who were inspired and energized and coming out to participate in politics for the first time through our campaign. I think it was shortsighted to use electability almost as a fear tactic.”
以下是阿斯泰德与洪弗朗西斯卡对话的节选,经编辑删减以求简明。完整节目内容更为丰富,因此[媒体:我们想来这里的部分原因是因为我们看到你重返竞选路,特别是围绕着激发威斯康星州选民实现“三重胜利”这一理念。
Below is an excerpt of Astead’s conversation with Hong, edited for length and clarity. There’s much more in the full show, so [Media: Part of the reason we wanted to come here was because we saw you were getting back on the campaign trail, and specifically around that idea of energizing Wisconsin toward a trifecta.
现在,请告诉我,民主党全面胜利的意义有什么不同——不仅是赢得州长官邸,还包括州议会两院——与仅仅赢得州长官邸相比。这会如何改变该党能够实现的可能性?
Now, just tell me the difference in terms of the importance of Democrats winning it all — not only the governor’s mansion, but both houses of the state legislature — versus just the governor’s mansion. How does that change the possibilities of what the party could do?
过去16年,州议会中的共和党多数意味着我们所知、能够极大改善威斯康星州普通民众生活的政策类型一直停滞不前。而如今,我们有历史性的机会翻转众议院和州参议院,掌握州长官邸和整个行政部门,实现民主党全面控制,这意味着我们将有机会通过州内多数人支持的政策——比如提高最低工资、合法化大麻、将堕胎权利写入法律。
For the last 16 years, a Republican majority in the state legislature has meant that passing the types of policies that we know can drastically improve the lives of everyday folks here in Wisconsin stalled. And we have a historic opportunity to flip the assembly and the state Senate and hold the governor’s mansion and the entire executive branch to a Democratic majority, meaning the opportunity to pass the policies that the majority of our state supports — things like increasing minimum wage, things like legalizing marijuana, codifying abortion.
我们还需要废除《第10号法案》[该法案严重限制了公共部门雇员的集体谈判权]。威斯康星州是工人权利的发源地——失业保险、社会保障等制度正是在这里诞生的,但在共和党多数的统治下,我们倒退了。在民主党实现“三权合一”(triple control)的情况下,这一切都将被重新审视。
We also need to repeal Act 10 [which dramatically restricted collective bargaining rights for public-sector employees]. Wisconsin is where workers’ rights, things like unemployment insurance, Social Security were born, and we moved backwards with the Republican majority. That’s all on the table with the Democratic trifecta.
不过,这也提高了民主党实现这一目标所需的政治标准,其中一部分需要通过这些更偏远的农村社区。
It also, though, raises the political standard of what Democrats would have to do to achieve that, and some of it goes through these more rural communities.
我们认为该党在这些农村社区落后的原因是什么?又该如何扭转这一局面?
Why do we think the party has fallen behind in more rural communities, and what could be done to reverse that?
我认为,重要的是要审视当制造业岗位离开州内、小农户得到的支持日益减少时,这些农村社区到底发生了什么。
I think it’s important to look at what’s happened in the rural communities when we’ve seen manufacturing jobs leave the state, when we’ve seen fewer and fewer supports for our small farmers.
如此之多的事情 — — 将其联系在一起的 — — 实际上是巨额财富、企业控制和企业贪婪的增长,以及越来越多的人感受到其影响。现在正是一个机会可以说:“嘿,共和党人一直在立法机构,他们一直掌权,但你们和你们的社区的情况并没有改善……现在正是确保我们能够看到我们共同的威斯康星价值观 — — 勤劳工作和照顾我们的孩子 — — 通过法律在麦迪逊得到体现的时候。”你的竞选活动很大程度上聚焦在数据中心,阻止数据中心。我应该把这看作是一个农村问题吗?
And so much of this — what connects it — is actually the growth of massive wealth and corporate control and corporate greed, and more people feeling the impacts of that. There’s an opportunity right now to say, ‘Hey, Republicans have been in the legislature, they’ve been in power, and things have not improved for you or your community … Now’s the opportunity to make sure that we’re actually able to see our shared Wisconsin values of working hard and taking care of our kids be reflected back in Madison through laws.’So much of your campaign was focused on data centers, stopping data centers. Should I think of that as a rural issue?
我认为数据中心的问题不是农村问题,而是所有人的问题。这是一个民主问题。人们希望感觉到有人关心他们社区的命运,并且他们能够掌控和真正参与决定自己社区的事情。
I think the issue around data centers is an everyone issue. It’s a democracy issue. It’s people wanting to feel like there are folks who care about what happens to communities, and that they have control and an actual say in what happens in their communities.
就这一点而言,民主党候选人大卫·克劳利没有像你那样走得更远,说“我们将在一段时间内不再建设更多数据中心”,这是不是一个错误?他在为社区和社区在数据中心问题上的控制权而战。但这不是暂停令。
To that point, is it a mistake for David Crowley, the Democratic nominee, to have not gone as far as you did and say, “We won’t be building more data centers for a period of time”? He’s fighting for communities and community control when it comes to data centers. But it’s not a moratorium.
但这不是暂停令。它不是,但他也承诺使用100%可再生能源、清洁能源为数据中心供电。
But it’s not a moratorium. It isn’t, but he’s also committed to 100 percent renewable energy, clean energy to power data centers.
实现这一点将非常困难,而且这将要求开发者自行承担成本,而这些正是他所承诺的,我们知道这些措施可以减缓数据中心的增长和发展。
And achieving that is going to be incredibly difficult, and it is going to be the developers having to pay their own way, and these are things that he’s committed to that we know can slow down the growth and development of data centers.
你有时间反思你在初选中的失败吗?如果你必须诊断原因,你认为自己为什么会输?
Have you had time to reflect on your primary loss? If you had to diagnose, why do you think you lost?
我仍在做很多反思。但我认为我想继续向前看。而我从我们的选举中学到的是,继续保持脚踏实地、让人们能够接触到我们是如此重要。我认为作为一名组织者和当选官员,继续深入群众、紧密贴近基层发生的事情是我的责任。
I’m still doing a lot of reflection. But I think that I want to continue to look forward. And what I’ve learned from our election is that it’s so important to continue to stay grounded in becoming accessible to people. I think that as an organizer and an elected official, it’s my responsibility to continue to go to the people and remain very in touch with what’s going on on the ground.
我对这次失利的性质还有几个问题。埃弗斯的背书改变了这场竞选的格局,以至于你的对手大卫·克劳利甚至能够在一些较小的社区获胜,比如你曾把自己定位为更多农村社区声音的地方。
I have a couple more questions about the nature of the loss. Evers’s endorsement changed that race, so much so that your opponent David Crowley was able even to win in some smaller communities, like places where you were pitching yourself as the voice of more rural communities.
这会不会推翻你围绕数据中心等议题的一些论点?如果那是威斯康星州选民的首要任务,难道你不会成为提名人吗?
Does that disprove any of this thesis around, say, data centers? If that was the top priority for Wisconsin voters, wouldn’t you be the nominee?
我认为情况并非全是农村社区。也不是全是郊区社区。我们看到某些人口群体,但也有一些邮编区域,我们在这些地方的表现明显优于大卫。
I think it wasn’t all rural communities. It wasn’t all suburban communities. We saw certain demographics but also ZIP codes where we outperformed David significantly.
我认为州长的背书在他在民意中也更受欢迎的地区发挥了更大的作用。埃弗斯背书克劳利时,你感到惊讶吗?我感到失望。
And I think that where the governor’s endorsement played a bigger role was areas where he was also more popular. Did it surprise you when Evers endorsed Crowley? I was disappointed.
我感到失望,因为我收到了很多尚未承诺支持任何候选人的选民的反馈,他们觉得州长是在暗中操纵选举。
I was disappointed because I was getting a lot of feedback from folks who hadn’t committed to any candidate yet that this felt like the governor was putting his thumb on the scale.
我想谈一下选举能力,因为看起来埃弗斯的背书似乎源于一种担忧:也许你无法在十一月的大选中获胜。
I wanted to ask about electability, because it seemed as if Evers’s endorsement was about a fear that maybe you couldn’t win in November.
初选期间,围绕DSA标签的担忧占了很大比例,甚至包括与哈桑·派克等人一起竞选。回顾过去,这些是不是一种错误?
So much of the primary concern was around the DSA label, even campaigning with folks like Hasan Piker. In retrospect, was any of that a mistake?
我们一开始就知道,我们必须鼓励新选民出来投票——那些通常不参加初选的选民,也就是所谓的“低投票倾向”选民。我们也知道,我们必须在人们不期望看到州长候选人的地方开展竞选。这些地方包括Twitch直播。
We knew going in that we would have to encourage new voters to come out, folks who typically do not come out for primaries, quote-unquote low-propensity voters. And we knew that we would have to campaign in places where folks weren’t expecting to see a gubernatorial candidate. And those included Twitch streams.
这些还包括去酒吧和保龄球馆,确保我们易于接近,并根据人们告诉我们他们想看到发生的事情以及他们希望州长能看到的结果来制定我们的政策。我认为选举能力……我说过这一点,我将继续说它 — — 最具选举能力的人就是最终获得最多选票的人,这一次就是克劳利。
Those also included going to dive bars and bowling alleys and making sure that we were accessible and shaping our policies based on what the people were telling us they wanted to see happen and also what they wanted to see out of their governor. I think electability… I said this, and I will continue to say it — the person who is most electable is the person who ended up getting the most votes, and that was Crowley this time around.
但我认为,当州内最有影响力的民主党人选择忽视大量选民和那些受到鼓舞、充满活力、首次通过我们的竞选活动参与政治的人时,这就是一种不公平。
But I think there’s a disservice when you have the most powerful Democrat in the state choosing to ignore a lot of voters and people who were inspired and energized and coming out to participate in politics for the first time through our campaign.
我认为把选举能力几乎当作恐吓手段来使用是短视的,因为民主党人需要鼓舞人心,树立一个让每个人都能看到自己身影的愿景 — — 尤其是普通的工薪阶层。
I think it was shortsighted to use electability almost as a fear tactic, when Democrats need to be inspiring and project a vision where everyone can see themselves in it as everyday working-class folks.
当一个长期与精英主义作斗争的政党屈服于建制派的叙事时……我更害怕标签,而我从基层听到的是,人们对解决方案和解决问题感兴趣,也许是一个了解服务业辛苦、经营餐厅、并且跨党派通过两党立法的人。我们有办法规避标签和最响亮的叙事所带来的影响。我希望我们的州长没有助长这种趋势。
When you’ve got a party that has struggled with elitism to then cave to an establishment narrative … being more afraid of labels when I’m hearing from people on the ground that they’re interested in solutions and solving problems, maybe somebody who knows the hustle of the service industry and running restaurants and has worked across the aisle to pass bipartisan legislation. There are ways that we can maneuver around labels and what the loudest narrative might be. I wish our governor hadn’t fed into that.
言之有理,就你的观点而言,“建制派”这个标签甚至不完全适用于像克劳利这样出身工薪阶层的人。但我听到的是,你认为埃弗斯的举动让你在大选中的处境更艰难了吗?
To be fair, to your point, the establishment label doesn’t fully fit even someone like Crowley, who comes from a working-class background. But am I hearing that you think Evers’s move made your life in the general election more difficult?
如果投身于洪竞选的年轻人认为建制派把他们挤出了局,那么重新激发他们的热情会更难吗?
Is it harder to re-inspire if young people who are invested in the Hong campaign think that the establishment squashed them out?
我们仍然获得了超过30万张选票。我们以不到4000票的差距落败。我在初选中获得的票数甚至超过埃弗斯。这并不是在压制我们的声音。
We still had over 300,000 votes. We lost by fewer than 4,000 votes. I had more votes than Evers did during his primary. That’s not squashing our voices.
我们仍然在这里,人们找到继续行使声音和新组织力量的途径非常重要。我肯定会继续努力,确保我们取得成果并赢得三冠王,这是我们目前最应该关注的事情。我明白为什么三冠王在州层面很重要,特别是在州政策方面。
We’re still here, and it’s so important that people find avenues to continue to exercise their voice and their new organizing power. And I’m definitely going to continue to work to make sure that we get results and that we win the trifecta, and that’s the most important thing we should be focusing on right now. I hear why a trifecta matters in the state context, particularly the state policy.
但如果我是威斯康星州以外的人,只是担心特朗普在华盛顿肆意妄为,那么民主党赢得州长官邸和州议会对我有什么关系?这对州外的人重要吗?
If I’m someone, though, who’s not in Wisconsin, who’s just worried about Donald Trump running amok in Washington, why should I care if Democrats win the governor’s mansion and the state legislature? Does that matter for folks outside of the state?
因为当人们感到政府实际上在运作,并看到他们生活中发生变化时,这些人将继续出来投票支持民主党。
Because we will start to see that when you feel government actually working and you see change happening in your lives, these are then voters who are going to continue to come out and vote for Democrats.
我们在联邦选举中也是一个关键州。我们目前实际上处于摇摆选区。
We’re a pivotal state when it comes to the federal elections as well. We’re actually in a swing district right now.
我们有机会通过威斯康星州,真正开始改善民主党的形象。如果我们在这里做到了,这种影响会向全国蔓延。
We have an opportunity, through Wisconsin, to actually start improving the brand for Democrats. And if we do that here, this trickles out to the rest of the country.
其前提是:通过实际成果建立起对民主党的联系,这对总统选举有帮助,也对其他方面有帮助。
The premise being that delivering creates a connection for Democrats that is helpful in the presidential election, and it’s helpful in all these other ways too.
是啊。我们不会仅仅因为一个州的情况而在每次中期和总统选举中为生存而战。
Yeah. We’re not going to be fighting every single midterm and presidential for our lives based on what’s happening in just one state.
但我认为,如果我们能够因为我们优先考虑的政策而在像我们这样的州开始展示民主党的持久力量,并且让更多人出来投票支持民主党,这对民主的健康是有益的。
But I think if we can start showing durable power for Democrats in a state like ours because of the policies that we’re prioritizing, and you have more folks coming out to vote for Democrats, that’s good for the health of democracy.